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Worksheets8th Life Science - Molecular Biology
Total questions: 57
Worksheet time: 29mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
All living organisms on Earth are made up of at least one small structure called a(n)
a)
organelle.
b)
cell.
c)
tissue.
d)
organ.
2.
Term for the types of living organisms that are made up of only one cell. Examples include all bacteria, as well as some protists and fungi.
a)
Multi-cellular
b)
Unicellular
3.
Term for those living organisms that are made up of more than one cell. This includes all animals and plants, as well as some protists and fungi.
a)
Multicellular
b)
Unicellular
4.
Term for the types of cells that do not have a nucleus or many other organelles. This includes all bacteria cells.
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
5.
Term for cells that do have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, vacuoles, etc. Examples are all animals, plants, protists, and fungi cells.
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
6.
Organelle in eukaryotic cells that is the site of cellular respiration that burns sugar with oxygen to produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
a)
Chloroplasts
b)
Vacuoles
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Golgi bodies
7.
All bacteria are single-celled organisms. How do they take in the food and oxygen necessary to survive?
a)
With a digestive system and a respiratory system.
b)
With a mouth and lungs.
c)
They absorb them directly from their environment.
8.
Which of the following would not have specialized cells for certain functions?
a)
Maple tree (plant)
b)
Cat (animal)
c)
Fish (animal)
d)
Bacteria (Monera)
9.
Which of the following are specialized cells found in humans?
a)
Bone cells
b)
Blood cells
c)
Nerve cells
d)
All of these
10.
Which of these specialized cells carry oxygen to other cells and remove waste carbon dioxide?
a)
Red blood cells
b)
White blood cells
c)
Nerve cells
d)
Muscle cells
11.
Which of these specialized cells in humans carries electric signals to and from the brain to other cells?
a)
Muscle cells
b)
Nerve cells
c)
White blood cells
d)
Epithelial cells
12.
Which of these specialized cells fight off diseases and other foreign or toxic substances that enter the body?
a)
White blood cells
b)
Epithelial cells
c)
Nerve cells
d)
Red blood cells
13.
Which of the following are basic needs for plants to make food, but not for animals.
a)
Water and oxygen
b)
Acid rain
c)
Sunlight, CO2, and soil
14.
Which two products are made by photosynthesis that all life must have to do respiration and make energy?
a)
Food (sugar) and oxygen (O2)
b)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3)
15.
How do multicellular organisms (such as animals and plants) grow? How do multicellular organisms repair cells and heal?
a)
All of their cells get larger over time.
b)
Cells merge and form bigger cells.
c)
They use cell division to produce more cells.
16.
Tiny structures within cells that perform specific functions for the cell.
a)
Organelles
b)
Organs
c)
Organ systems
d)
Organisms
17.
Part of the cell that acts as the "gatekeeper" and controls what enters and leaves the cell.
a)
Nucleus
b)
Endoplasmic reticulum
c)
Cell membrane (plasma membrane)
d)
Ribosomes
18.
Organelles in the cells of all plants and some protists (algae) that perform photosynthesis and use sunlight to change CO2 and H2O into glucose sugar (C6H12O6) and O2 gas.
a)
Cell walls
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Vesicles
d)
Chloroplasts
19.
Basic need for all species that is broken down to release energy for growing, reproducing, moving, changing shape, warmth, etc.
a)
Soil
b)
Food
c)
Air
20.
The products of cellular respiration.
a)
CO2, H2O, and energy in the form of the chemical ATP.
b)
Sunlight and oxygen
21.
Because respiration burns food with oxygen in the mitochondria, another name for respiration is the _________ of food.
a)
oxidation.
b)
reduction.
22.
Which of these hygiene practices is a way to reduce the spread of infectious diseases?
a)
Brushing and flossing teeth
b)
Bathing regularly and washing hands
c)
Sneezing into the crook of the arm instead of into hands
d)
All of these
23.
Substances that provide the body with energy and chemicals necessary for life. These are found in food.
a)
Nutrients
b)
Toxins
24.
______________ measure the amount of energy contained in food.
a)
Salts
b)
Calories
c)
Preservatives
25.
A healthy diet includes which types of nutrients?
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Fats and proteins
c)
Vitamins, minerals, and water
d)
All of these
26.
Type of food molecule that provides the fastest energy when broken down. In other words, it provides the quickest energy.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Fats
c)
Proteins
27.
Type of food molecule that contains the most calories (energy) per gram and thus provides more long-term energy.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Fats (Lipids)
c)
Proteins
28.
Type of food molecule that functions to build and repair tissues, such as muscles, skin, hair, etc.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Fats (Lipids)
c)
Proteins
29.
Another term for carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. These are used as food molecules and nutrients by living organisms.
a)
Biomolecules
b)
Inorganic molecules
30.
Which of these would provide energy the quickest?
a)
Candy
b)
Meat
c)
Salt
31.
Which would be the fastest source of energy?
a)
Fish
b)
Fruit
c)
Chicken
32.
Which of these would be the best for building and repairing tissue?
a)
Candy
b)
Fruit
c)
Fish
33.
Which of these would be the healthiest source for fats and proteins?
a)
Fish with unsaturated fats
b)
Beef and butter with saturated fats
c)
Vegetable oil with saturated fats
34.
Which includes all fats and oils?
a)
Nucleic acids
b)
Lipids
35.
Which of these determines how many calories a person needs to eat per day?
a)
Age and gender
b)
Activity level and genes
c)
Body size and weight
d)
All of these
36.
Consuming enough _______ allows the proper production of collagen (a protein) and prevents scurvy.
a)
Junk food
b)
Salt
c)
Vitamin C
37.
Consuming enough of the element _______ keeps bones strong and prevents osteoporosis. Sources include dairy, vegetables, and legumes (beans).
a)
mercury
b)
calcium
c)
gold
d)
lead
38.
Homeostasis means keeping everything in the body in balance. Which of these can throw the body's systems out of balance?
a)
Use of tobacco
b)
An unbalanced diet
c)
Use of alcohol and other drugs
d)
All of these
39.
Which of these can reduce stress, improve sleep, strengthen bones, tone muscles, and increase lung capacity?
a)
Exercise
b)
Alcohol
c)
Smoking
d)
Junk food
40.
Which of these is most likely to cause liver disease and/or liver failure?
a)
Alcohol and overuse of pain relievers
b)
Good hygiene
c)
A balanced diet
d)
Exercise
41.
Which is most likely to cause permanent damage to the lungs and possibly lung cancer.
a)
Getting enough sleep
b)
Smoking tobacco
c)
Washing hands regularly
d)
Drinking water
42.
Can cause liver damage, brain damage, cancer, death, and defects in unborn or newly born children.
a)
Exercise
b)
A balanced diet
c)
Alcohol
43.
Which of these are defects that can be caused by consumption of alcohol?
a)
All of these
b)
Fetal alcohol syndrome and mental retardation in newborns.
c)
Impaired mental and physical development.
d)
Low birth weight in newborns and a greater chance of alcoholism later in life.
44.
Cause anxiety, addiction, damage to major organs in the body, birth defects, and can be fatal for individuals and offspring.
a)
Drugs and alcohol
b)
Good hygiene practices
45.
A noninfectious disease that involves uncontrolled cell division.
a)
Diabetes
b)
Asthma
c)
Viral infections
d)
Cancer
46.
Environmental factor(s) that can cause DNA mutations in skin cells and lead to the development of skin cancer.
a)
Too much exposure to UV radiation from the sun
b)
Over-exposure to radiation in tanning beds
c)
Both of these
47.
A radioactive, gaseous element that can seep up from rocks and soil and enter buildings, causing cases of lung cancer over time.
a)
Helium
b)
Oxygen
c)
Radon
48.
In the stratosphere, a layer of this gas protects all life on Earth from harmful UV radiation from the sun. At ground level, this gas is a pollutant and breathing it can result in asthma, pneumonia, and bronchitis.
a)
Oxygen gas, O2
b)
Ozone, O3
c)
Carbon dioxide, CO2
49.
Which two chemicals used as cleaners should never be mixed because they can release chlorine gas and other toxic fumes?
a)
Soap and water
b)
Essential oils
c)
Ammonia and bleach
50.
Which of these can be factors that determine a person's chances of getting a disease such as cancer, osteoporosis, asthma, etc.?
a)
Inherited genetic factors
b)
Lifestyle choices
c)
Environmental conditions and infectious organisms
d)
All of these
51.
Provides a very detailed and close up view of extremely small cell structures. Much more powerful than a light microscope.
a)
Binoculars
b)
Electron microscope
c)
Telescope
52.
Creates cross-sectional views of the human body using X-rays that cause different tissues to appear as light or dark shades.
a)
Computed tomography, or CT scans
b)
Ultrasound
53.
Creates a scan of the internal structures in the body using atoms' responses to radio waves and a strong magnetic field. It is useful for showing contrasts between soft tissues.
a)
Strep test
b)
MRI
54.
Uses sound waves to create internal images of the human body, called sonograms. Useful for observing a developing fetus, or unborn baby.
a)
Ultrasound
b)
Microwave oven
55.
Substances used on or in the human body to treat diseases and other health problems. They should never be misused or overused.
a)
Mutations
b)
Cells
c)
Medications
56.
Use of high energy beams to destroy or damage cancer cells.
a)
Chemotherapy
b)
Radiation treatments
57.
Man-made devices implanted in humans to perform the function of organs that have failed.
a)
Heart-rate monitors
b)
GPS
c)
Artificial organs
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