WorksheetsGenetics and Biotech Review
Total questions: 181
Worksheet time: 3hrs 26mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which technology below would probably be the most important to a person who had diabetes and had to take insulin every day?
a)
testing parents for genetic disorders before they have children
b)
engineering fruits and vegetables that resist insects and other pests
c)
developing ways to identify criminals through DNA fingerprinting
d)
using recombinant DNA to produce human hormones from bacteria
2.
The way that crimes are solved today was affected by which of the following technologies?
a)
gene therapy
b)
DNA fingerprinting
c)
genetic testing
d)
genetic modification
3.
In what way did gene therapy, the replacement of a faulty gene with a normal one, stimulate medical research?
a)
New medications had to be developed and tested.
b)
The effects of viral DNA had to be studied.
c)
The way in which DNA replicates had to be determined.
d)
The genes on each chromosome had to be mapped and described.
4.
What kind of genetically modified crops would be most successful in wet-tropical countries that are overcrowded?
a)
crops that are drought- and pest-resistant
b)
high-yield crops that do not need a lot of sunshine
c)
high-yield crops that are pest-resistant
d)
crops that are drought-resistant and need a lot of sunshine
5.
Stem cell research has been a controversial subject in past years. What is the reason for this?
a)
Cells for study are often taken from human embryos.
b)
Stem cell techniques will not accomplish the intended purpose.
c)
The cells cannot be isolated.
d)
Replacement tissue will never be grown from a person's own stem cells.
6.
What is this
a)
plasmid
b)
recombinant bacterium
c)
recombinant DNA
d)
sticky ends
7.
What is this
a)
plasmid
b)
recombinant bacterium
c)
recombinant DNA
d)
sticky ends
8.
What is this
a)
plasmid
b)
recombinant bacterium
c)
recombinant DNA
d)
sticky ends
9.
DNA technology is being used to develop crop plants that are
a)
less toxic to the pests that normally feed on them
b)
more susceptible to herbicides
c)
unable to fix nitrogen in the atmosphere
d)
resistant to some diseases
10.
Some people are concerned that genetically engineered crop plants could
a)
transmit their new genes to the wild plant species producing "superweeds"
b)
transmit their new gene to the animals that eat the plants producing "super animals"
c)
exchange genes with animals that eat the plants producing animal plant hybrid
d)
be wiped out by native plant species
11.
One of the goals of the Human Genome Project is to
a)
increase the number of genes in the human genome
b)
map the location of only the most important genes on each chromosome
c)
clone the entire human genome in bacteria
d)
determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome
12.
To cut DNA molecules into pieces at specific sequences of nucleotides, genetic engineers use
a)
cloning
b)
insulin
c)
bacteria
d)
restriction enzymes
13.
In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate toward one end of a gel because they are
a)
pulled toward that end by gravity
b)
attracted to complementary DNA fragments at that end of the gel
c)
attracted to the positively charged end of the gel
d)
repelled by hydrophobic molecules at the other end of the gel
14.
To obtain bacteria that produce insulin, genetic engineers
a)
remove repressor proteins that inhibit the expression of the bacterial insulin gene
b)
insert a vector containing the human gene of insulin into bacteria
c)
search for bacteria that grow in a medium that lacks insulin
d)
grow normal bacteria in a nutrient medium that contains a large amount
15.
Organisms that have DNA from a different species artificially inserted into their cells are called
a)
bioremediated
b)
transgenic
c)
cultured
d)
a clone
16.
GMO stands for
a)
Genetically Made Organism
b)
Growing More Organisms
c)
Genetically Modified Organism
d)
Growing Many Organisms
17.
You have benefited from selective breeding by having more agricultural produce than would have been possible otherwise.
a)
True
b)
False
18.
____ is an application of the human genome project that involves the insertion of normal genes into cells with defective genes in order to correct genetic disorders.
a)
gene gun
b)
gene mapping
c)
gene linkage
d)
gene therapy
19.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
20.
Stem Cells are used to __________.
a)
Make clones
b)
Create new species of animals
c)
Make babies
d)
Grow different types of tissues
21.
This science allows us to alter the DNA of an orange tree so the fruit contains more vitamin C.
a)
Physical science
b)
Biotechnology
c)
Biology
d)
Geology
22.
Which of the below is an ethical issue in the field biotechnology?
a)
Outrageous cost - very expensive
b)
We can live longer and healthier lives
c)
Sometimes the harm outweighs the good
d)
Public opinion of the technology
23.
Which of the below biotechnological advances is MOST beneficial to Florida FARMERS?
a)
Development of disease resistant plants for higher yields
b)
Development of more effective human vaccines
c)
The ability to create more antibiotics from bacteria
d)
Producing enzymes to eliminate pollutants
24.
Organisms that contain genes from different species are called___________ organisms.
a)
Blended
b)
Hybrid
c)
Transgenic
d)
Freaky
25.
This project was established to identify all 300,000+ genes found in our DNA.
a)
Human genome project
b)
Animal DNA study
c)
Human genetics road map project
d)
The DNA solution
26.
Which is a negative result of the use of biotechnology in agriculture?
a)
Increased crop yields
b)
Reduction in pesticide use
c)
Unknown side effects
d)
Higher nutritional values
27.
Which best describes the technique of genetic engineering?
a)
Adding foreign DNA to organisms to modify the organism’s DNA
b)
Manufacturing synthetic DNA in the laboratory from chemicals
c)
Cutting segments of DNA of an organism under a microscope
d)
Exposing DNA of an organism to radioactivity for mutations
28.
Which of following developments is an advance in medicine that the application of genetic science has allowed?
a)
development of genetic counseling as a career
b)
development of a method of DNA fingerprinting
c)
production of proteins, such as insulin, for use as drugs
d)
cloning of animals and engineeringof agricultural crops
29.
The only way to cure a genetic disease is to.
a)
transplant affected tissue
b)
change the affected DNA sequence
c)
induce mutations in affected gene
d)
remove the affected gene
30.
The process of producing millions of copies of a specific DNA.
a)
PCR
b)
PPA
c)
RNA
d)
PTB
31.
When an electrical current is used to separate a mixture of DNA...
a)
electricity
b)
restriction maps
c)
gel electrophoresis
d)
electron map
32.
Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as shown in the diagram below.
Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
a)
DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same
b)
Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells.
c)
The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria.
d)
Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes.
33.
Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
34.
AB blood type is an example of what type of inheritance?
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
polygenic inheritance
35.
Which of the following is homozygous dominant?
a)
Yy
b)
Y
c)
yy
d)
YY
36.
What percentage of the offspring will be purebred dominant?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
37.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
38.
What is this tool used for?
a)
to compare DNA of two individuals
b)
read braille
c)
analyze genetic disorders in many generations of individuals
d)
analyze genetic disorders in one individual
39.
When two or more genes control one single trait.
a)
Multiple Alleles
b)
Several Genes
c)
Polygenetic Traits
d)
Genotype
40.
Who is the father of genetics?
a)
Thomas Morgan
b)
Pena Nieto
c)
Gregor Mendel
d)
Donald Trump
41.
Which cellular process is shown?
a)
meiosis
b)
endocytosis
c)
mitosis
d)
cytokinesis
42.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.
a)
homozygous
b)
sister
c)
homologous
d)
daughter
43.
The result of meiosis is:
a)
two diploid cells
b)
two haploid cells
c)
four diploid cells
d)
four haploid cells
44.
What type of mutation is this?
a)
Deletion
b)
Inversion
c)
Duplication
d)
Substitution
45.
What cells do you need to clone an organism?
a)
two somatic cells
b)
two gamete cells
c)
an egg cell and a somatic cell
d)
a sperm cell and a somatic cell
46.
The process of amplifying DNA through a process of heating and cooling with the help of taqPolymerase and RNA primers is called?
a)
PCR
b)
VCR
c)
Gel Electrophoresis
d)
DNA Fingerprinting
47.
If this image were real, it would represent what type of inheritance?
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
compete dominance
48.
If this image were real, it would represent what type of inheritance?
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
compete dominance
49.
This picture shows what the red blood cell of someone with sickle cell anemia. This disorder is carried on the X chromosome and is most common in sub-saharan populations. What type of inheritance pattern must it follow?
a)
codominance
b)
sex-linked inheritance
c)
multiple allele inheritance
d)
incomplete dominance
50.
A red flowered plant (RR) breeds with a White flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance. What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
51.
A roan cow shows co-dominance in fur color (orange and white). What is the phenotype ratio expected if a roan cow and a roan steer mate together?
a)
4: Orange and White
b)
1: Orange : 1 White
c)
2 Orange: 2 Orange and White: 0 White
d)
1: Orange: 2 Orange and White: 1 White
52.
If a woman is a carrier for a sex linked recessive trait of hemophilia and her husband has hemophilia, which of the following is true? Make a punnett square!
a)
All sons will have hemophilia
b)
all daughters will have hemophilia
c)
50% of daughters and 50% of sons have hemophilia
d)
100% of sons have hemophilia and 100% of daughters are carriers
53.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
54.
The cloned animal looks like the
a)
egg donor
b)
nucleus donor
c)
surrogate (or foster) mother
d)
all of the above
55.
True or false: Identical twins are genetic clones
a)
True
b)
False
56.
What is genetic engineering?
a)
Manipulation/addition of genes
b)
Naturally breeding two animals with desired traits
c)
Cross-pollinating two crops
d)
Harvesting stem cells
57.
What is the chromosomal condition of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome)
b)
Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
c)
Trisomy 18 (Edward's Syndrome)
d)
XXY Sex Chromosomes (Klinefelter's Syndrome)
58.
a)
This karyotype shows Trisomy 21
b)
This karyotype has no abnormality
c)
This karyotype is missing a sex chromosome (monosomy x)
d)
This karyotype is from a gamete
59.
What is the percentage of offspring that have green pods?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
60.
What percentage of the offspring in the punnett square are shown as a hybrid?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
61.
What is the phenotype of the heterozygous parent in the punnett square?
a)
green
b)
yellow
c)
hybrid
d)
purebred
62.
Passing of traits from one generation to the next
a)
Heredity
b)
Genetics
c)
Inheritance
d)
Allele
63.
The genetic characters transmitted from parent to offspring, taken collectively
a)
Heredity
b)
Genetics
c)
Inheritance
d)
Allele
64.
Alternate form of a gene for a single trait; may be dominant or recessive
a)
Heredity
b)
Genetics
c)
Inheritance
d)
Allele
65.
Which is true about a testcross?
a)
The dominant phenotype organism is unknown
b)
The recessive phenotype organism is unknown
c)
One of the organisms is always heterozygous
d)
One of the organisms is always homozygous recessive
66.
All are true of crossing over except:
a)
it normally occurs between sister chromatids
b)
it is the site of a chiasmata
c)
it is responsible for linked genes being inherited separately
d)
it cannot occur between sex chromosomes in males
67.
A round watermelon is crossed with a long watermelon and all of the offspring are oval. If two oval watermelons are crossed, what is the percent of the watermelons that will be round?
a)
0
b)
25
c)
50
d)
75
68.
In a certain species of plant, the trait for tall is dominant and the trait for short is recessive. The trait for yellow seeds is dominant and the trait for green seeds is recessive. A cross between two plants results in 292 tall yellow and 103 short green plants. What are the genotypes of the parents?
a)
TTYY x Ttyy
b)
TTYy x TTYy
c)
TTyy x TTYy
d)
TtYy x TtYy
69.
A child is born with blood type O. All of the following could be the blood type of the parents except.
a)
A and B
b)
A and A
c)
A and O
d)
AB and O
70.
ABCDEF -> ABEDCF
This rearrangment on a chromosome would be called
This rearrangment on a chromosome would be called
a)
inversion
b)
translocation
c)
deletion
d)
duplication
71.
A diploid organism has 36 chromosomes per cell. how many linkage groups does it have?
a)
9
b)
18
c)
36
d)
72
72.
The expression of both alleles for a trait in a hybrid individual is
a)
pleiotropy
b)
epistasis
c)
polygenic
d)
codominance
73.
How many autosomes does the human male normally have?
a)
2
b)
44
c)
46
d)
23
74.
A couple has 6 children, all girls. If the mother gives birth to a seventh child, what is the probability that the seventh child will be a girl?
a)
1/2
b)
1/64
c)
1/32
d)
1/132
75.
Assume that two genes, A and B, are not linked. If the probability of allele A being in a gamete is 1/2 and the probability of allele B begin in a gamete is 1/2, what is the probability of A and B being in the same allele?
a)
1/2
b)
1/4
c)
1
d)
1/8
76.
In one strain of mice, fur color ranges from white to darkest brown with every shade of brown in between. This pattern of inheritance for fur color is most likely controlled by
a)
polygenic
b)
codominance
c)
pleiotropy
d)
incomplete dominance
77.
Huntington's disease is caused by a dominant allele. If two parents do not have Huntington's disease, but had parents with Huntington's disease, what is the probability of their children having it?
a)
0
b)
1/2
c)
1/4
d)
1
78.
Two traits, A and B, are linked but they are usually not inherited together. The most likely reason is
a)
they are not on the same chromosome
b)
they are not sex-linked
c)
they are on the same chromosome, but far apart
d)
they are on the same chromosome, but close together
79.
A man with a sex-linked allele will pass it on
a)
to all his daughters
b)
half his daughters
c)
all of his sons
d)
half his sons
80.
What is the likely inheritance pattern of the pedigree shown?
a)
autosomal recessive
b)
autosomal recessive or sex-linked recessive
c)
autosomal dominant
d)
autosomal dominant or sex-linked dominant
81.
What inheritance pattern is shown by the pedigree?
a)
autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, sex-linked dominant, sex-linked recessive
b)
autosomal recessive, sex-linked recessive
c)
sex-linked dominant, autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant
d)
sex-linked recessive, autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant
82.
Which of the following is not needed for PCR
a)
helicase
b)
primers
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
nucleotides
83.
Which of the following is not a cloning method?
a)
southern blotting
b)
phage
c)
plasmid
d)
cDNA
84.
Which of the following is not needed for DNA extractions?
a)
plasmids
b)
protease
c)
NaCl
d)
detergent
85.
Which of the following is not true of restriction enzymes?
a)
restriction enzymes are found in bacteria
b)
restriction enzymes are needed for PCR
c)
restriction enzymes cut DNA as specific regions
d)
bacteria methylate regions of their own DNA that would be cut by restriction enzymes
86.
cDNA does not use
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
reverse transcriptase
c)
splicesomes
d)
mRNA
87.
nucleic hybridization is use
a)
in Northern blotting
b)
in PCR
c)
in cDNA
d)
in YACS
88.
Which process does not involve mRNA?
a)
PCR
b)
cDNA
c)
northern blotting
d)
microarray analysis
89.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
t
90.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
91.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
92.
In fruit flies eye color is carried on the X chromosome. RED is dominant to WHITE. What is the sex and color of the following: XrY
a)
female red
b)
female white
c)
male red
d)
male white
93.
What type of chromosomal abnormality do people with Down Syndrome have?
a)
trisomy 21
b)
monosomy 21
c)
recessive inheritance
d)
dominant inheritance
94.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for EACH trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
46
d)
26
95.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
96.
Which event during meiosis causes GENETIC VARIATION?
a)
crossing over
b)
protein synthesis
c)
cytokinesis
97.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier.
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
98.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
99.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
100.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
101.
In the second generation-how many people have the disease or display the physical trait?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
102.
A person with Down syndrome has ______ copies of chromosome 21.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
103.
A boy who is colorblind inherited the disorder from his
a)
Mother
b)
Father
c)
Either Parent
d)
None of the above
104.
If a man does not have hemophilia (X linked trait), what percentage of his daughters will have hemophilia?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
0%
105.
Autosomes in a karyotype are
a)
Chromosomes 1-22
b)
Sex Chromosomes
c)
Oldsmobile
d)
gamete
106.
Purebred is another word for __________, while hybrid is another word for __________.
a)
dominant; recessive
b)
recessive; dominant
c)
homozygous; heterozygous
d)
heterozygous; homozygous
107.
Organism that is genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism.
a)
bacteria
b)
forensics
c)
transgenic organism
d)
penicillin
108.
Why is DNA fingerprinting used?
a)
To determine who is the child's father
b)
Link suspects to a crime scene
c)
determine if a family relationship exist between two people
d)
all of the above
109.
According to the karyotype to the right, which of the following is true? A. B. C. The gender cannot be determined by the karyotype D. Karyotype shows a male with no genetic disorders
a)
Karyotype shows a female with Down Syndrome
b)
Karyotype shows a male with Down Syndrome
c)
The gender cannot be determined by the karyotype
d)
Karyotype shows a male with no genetic disorders
110.
Having two of the same genes for the trait (TT, tt); Both dominant or both recessive.
a)
homozygous or purebred
b)
heterozygous or hybrid
c)
twin offspring
d)
pairs of chromosomes
111.
All of the following are enzymes used in DNA replication except:
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
primase
c)
helicase
d)
triptase
112.
______ traits are influence by more than one gene. Examples include skin color, hair color, eye color, height.
a)
Codominant
b)
Incomplete dominant
c)
Incomplete recessive
d)
Polygenic
113.
_____ organisms have DNA from another source which is called ____ DNA. These organisms can be used to help treat diseases.
a)
Transchromosomal, recombinant
b)
Recombinant, transchromosomal
c)
Transgenic, recombinant
d)
Recombinant, transgenic
114.
________ separates DNA by size and produces a DNA _____. This is helpful in determining paternity and suspects in crimes.
a)
Polygenic separation, profile
b)
Gel Electrophoresis, fingerprint
c)
Recombinant Extraction, karyotype
d)
Transgenic Isolation, pedigree
115.
What is the purpose of using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
a)
to extract DNA based on size
b)
to make billions of copies of a piece of DNA
c)
to recombine 2 different types of DNA from 2 different organisms
d)
to make an exact copy of an organism
116.
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
a)
helps cut DNA
b)
is an immune system in bacteria
c)
separates DNA based on size
d)
allows for an exact replicated organism
117.
Which DNA fragment bands move faster and farther in a gel electrophoresis?
a)
there is no way to tell
b)
the largest ones
c)
the smallest ones
d)
none of these
118.
Shannon does not know who her father is. There are three possibilities: Jack, Daniel and Bill. Who is the father?
a)
Jack
b)
Daniel
c)
Bill
119.
This image is an example of which DNA Technology process?
a)
PCR
b)
Blotting
c)
Gel Electrophoresis
d)
Cloning
120.
During gel electrophoresis, DNA moves from the ___ end to the ___ end.
a)
positive, negative
b)
negative, positive
121.
In gel electrophoresis, the largest DNA fragment will appear
a)
closest to the starting wells
b)
farthest from the starting wells
c)
three quarters away from the starting wells
d)
it depends on how many fragments there are
122.
A molecule containing DNA from two different organisms is called
a)
a plasmid.
b)
a polyploid.
c)
a hybrid organism.
d)
recombinant DNA.
123.
Restriction Enzymes . . .
a)
cut DNA at precise locations
b)
help bacteria to pick up DNA
c)
move DNA through a gel
d)
copy DNA
124.
Examples of environmental mutagens include:
a)
Chemicals
b)
Radiation
c)
Viruses
d)
All of these
125.
The purpose of selective breeding is to
a)
Get bigger animals
b)
Get smaller animals
c)
Create animals with desirable traits
d)
Create animals with bad traits
126.
In a certain species of animal, black fur (B) is dominant over tan fur (b).
Which type of dominance does this cross show?
Which type of dominance does this cross show?
a)
Complete Dominance
b)
Incomplete Dominance
c)
Codominance
d)
Polygenic Inheritance
127.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
c)
Mendelian Inheritance
d)
Homozygous Inheritance
128.
Snap dragon color is a incomplete dominant trait. A red flower (RR) is crossed with white flower (rr)? What color are flowers that are Rr?
a)
Red
b)
Red and White
c)
White
d)
Pink
129.
How many PAIRS of sex chromosomes do humans have?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
1
d)
2
130.
The range of human skin colors is caused by a variety of genes, each of which has at least 2 alleles. This is an example of:
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
polygenic inheritance
131.
If a woman has type A blood and her child has type O blood, the father must have which of the following blood types?
a)
A, B, or O
b)
A or O
c)
AB or B
d)
O only
132.
X-linked conditions are more common in men than in women because
a)
The genes associated with the X linked conditions are linked to the X chromosome, which determines maleness.
b)
Men need to inherit only one copy of the recessive allele for the condition to be fully expressed
c)
Women simply do not develop the disease regardless of their genetic composition
d)
The sex chromosomes are more active in men than in women
133.
Based on the Karyotype shown, at which chromosome pair can we identify a genetic disorder?
a)
Chromosome pair 5
b)
sex chromosomes
c)
Chromosome pair 21
d)
There are no chromosomal disorders
134.
Photograph of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs is called a
a)
pedigree
b)
Punnett Square
c)
Venn Diagram
d)
Karyotype
135.
Which genetic disorder or disease is a sex-linked trait and carried on the X chromosome?
a)
Cystic Fibrosis
b)
Sickle-cell Disease
c)
Hemophilia
d)
Down Syndrome
136.
Which disease or disorder is the result of having an extra chromosome?
a)
Cystic Fibrosis
b)
Down Syndrome
c)
Colorblindness
d)
Sickle-cell Disease
137.
A carrier of a genetic disorder who does not show symptoms is most likely to be ___________ to transmit it to offspring.
a)
heterozygous for the trait and able
b)
heterozygous for the trait and unable
c)
homozygous for the trait and able
d)
homozygous for the trait and unable
138.
Dr. Smith's parents have normal hearing. However, Dr. Smith has inherited a form of deafness. Deafness is a recessive trait that is associated with the abnormal allele (d). The allele associated with normal hearing is (D). Dr. Smith's parents could have which of the following genotypes?
a)
DD and dd
b)
dd and dd
c)
Dd and Dd
d)
DD and DD
139.
Many genetic disorders of humans are caused by
a)
multiple alleles
b)
recessive alleles
c)
smoking during pregnancy
d)
a mutation in the zygote
140.
Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling allow for ___________ and ____________ of the fetus so that it can be tested for abnormalities.
a)
imaging...biochemical
b)
imaging...karyotyping
c)
karyotyping...biochemical testing
141.
Which of the following best explains why dominant alleles that cause lethal disorders are less common than recessive alleles that cause lethal disorder.
a)
Lethal disorders caused by dominant alleles are usually more severe than lethal disorders caused by recessive alleles.
b)
Unlike lethal disorders caused by recessive alleles, lethal disorders caused by dominant alleles usually cause death of the embryo.
c)
Most individuals carrying a lethal dominant allele have the disorder and die before they reproduce.
d)
The presence of a dominant lethal allele causes sterility.
142.
A test that uses sound waves to create a sonogram.
a)
Amniocentesis
b)
Ultrasound
c)
Germinal Sampling
d)
Chorionic Villi Sampling
143.
Testing the amniotic fluid for birth defects.
a)
Chorionic Villi Sampling
b)
Ultrasound
c)
Amniocentesis
d)
Embryo Test
144.
What gender is this individual?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
we cannot tell using a karyotype?
145.
How many children did individuals I-1 and I-2 have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
6
d)
8
146.
Which gender can be carriers of colorblindness and not have it?
a)
Just males
b)
Just females
c)
Both genders
147.
What do we use pedigrees for?
a)
To look at families
b)
To make determinations about the offspring
c)
To track traits in families
d)
Nothing
148.
A breed of chicken shows codominance for feather color. One allele codes for black feathers, another codes for white feathers. The feathers of heterozygous chickens of this breed will be:
a)
all black
b)
all white
c)
all gray
d)
speckled black and white
149.
a recessive genetic disorder that affects chloride ion uptake in cells causing excess mucus production is
a)
Tay Sachs
b)
Cystic Fibrosis
c)
PKU
d)
Albinism
150.
An individual with two normal sets of autosomes and a single X chromosome has
a)
Patau Syndrome
b)
Turner Syndrome
c)
Klinefelter Syndrome
d)
Down Syndrome
151.
How many chromosomes does a person have with Edward Syndrome?
a)
45
b)
46
c)
47
d)
48
152.
Karyotypes display a set of chromosomes in _____________ number order.
a)
decreasing
b)
increasing
153.
What do Tay Sachs and PKU have in common?
a)
Both are conditions where the genotype is the same as how the person looks
b)
Both have respiratory failure
c)
Both are caused by a lack of enzyme production
d)
Neither show outward physical symptoms
154.
A man with a certain genetic disorder marries a woman who is normal for the trait. They have several children. All of the girls have the same syndrome as the father, boys are not affected. What inheritance could this not be?
a)
X-Linked recessive
b)
X-Linked Dominant
c)
Autosomal recessive
d)
Y Linked
155.
Can parents of normal height have children that have achondroplasia? Know how to explain your answer.
a)
Yes
b)
No
156.
The genetic advantage to being a carrier for sickle cell anemia is that it helps prevent malaria.
a)
True
b)
False
157.
Disorder when blood cells are misshapen, resulting in a decrease of oxygen and caused by a defective allele for a polypeptide in hemoglobin
a)
Duschenne's muscular dystrophy
b)
Turner's Syndrome
c)
sickle cell anemia
d)
Down Syndrome
158.
Which of the following disorders is a direct result of nondisjunction?
a)
Turner's Syndrome
b)
sickle cell disease
c)
Huntington's disease
d)
Cystic fibrosis
159.
What type of chromosomal abnormality do people with Down Syndrome have?
a)
trisomy 21
b)
monosomy 21
c)
recessive inheritance
d)
dominant inheritance
160.
A form of genetic engineering that involves inserting copies of a gene directly into a persons cells is known as?
a)
Gene Therapy
b)
Cloning
c)
Hybridization
d)
Selective breeding
161.
Which of the following pairs of genotypes result in the same phenotype?
a)
IBi and ii
b)
IBIB and IAIB
c)
IAIA and IAIB
d)
IBIB and IBi
162.
In the figure, during which stage might new allele combinations form?
a)
D only
b)
A only
c)
A and G
d)
B and C
163.
How is Huntington's disorder inherited, and what would be a genotype for a female with it?
a)
X-linked dominant; XHXH or XHXh
b)
X-linked recessive; XhXh
c)
autosomal dominant; HH or Hh
d)
autosomal recessive hh
164.
How is hemophilia inherited, and what would be a genotype for an affected male?
a)
X-linked recessive; Xhy
b)
X-linked dominant; XHy
c)
autosomal dominant; HH or Hh
d)
autosomal recessive; hh
165.
How is colorblindness inherited and what would be a colorblind male's genotype?
a)
x-linked recessive; Xhy
b)
autosomal recessive; hh
c)
autosomal dominant; HH or Hh
d)
x-linked dominant; XHy
166.
What genotype would a pink flower be in incomplete dominance?
a)
RR
b)
WW
c)
RW
d)
PP
167.
What genotype would a red flower be in incomplete dominance?
a)
RR
b)
WW
c)
RW
d)
Rr
168.
What genotype would a white flower be in incomplete dominance?
a)
RR
b)
WW
c)
RW
d)
ww
169.
An interaction where one gene masks another gene is called:
a)
Polygenic Traits
b)
Epistasis
c)
X-Chromosome Inactivation
d)
X-linked traits (same as sex-linked)
170.
Coat color in labs is an example of:
a)
Polygenic Traits
b)
Epistasis
c)
X-Chromosome Inactivation
d)
X-linked traits (same as sex-linked)
171.
Which words complete this sentence: "Scientists use twin studies to determine whether influences on a trait are ___________ or __________________."
a)
Genetic; Environmental
b)
Genetic; identical twins
c)
Environmental, fraternal twins
d)
fraternal twins, identical twins
172.
which inheritance pattern has one gene pair influencing another?
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
epistasis
d)
pleiotropy
173.
Yellow, chocolate, and black Labrador Retrievers are a result of which inheritance pattern?
a)
Epistasis
b)
Pleiotropy
c)
Multiple Alleles
d)
Polygenic inheritance
174.
Which is a dominant genetic disorder?
a)
achondroplasia
b)
albinism
c)
galactosemia
d)
hemophilia
175.
How can the genetic disorder known as hemophilia be defined?
a)
dominant, sex-linked disorder common to females
b)
dominant, sex-linked disorder common to males
c)
recessive, sex-linked disorder common to females
d)
recessive, sex-linked disorder common to males
176.
Why is Down syndrome called trisomy 21?
a)
The person has 21 pairs of chromosomes instead of 23.
b)
The person has an abnormal gene on chromosome 21
c)
The syndrome is caused by having 21 pairs of autosomes.
d)
The syndrome results from an extra chromosome 21.
177.
a 40-yr male who experiences neurological dysfunction
a)
achondroplasia
b)
albinism
c)
cystic fibrosis
d)
Huntington�s disease
178.
wears down the nervous system of a 3 yr old child
a)
achondroplasia
b)
Tay Sachs disease
c)
cystic fibrosis
d)
Huntington�s disease
179.
an absence of pigments in the skin, hair, and eyes
a)
achondroplasia
b)
albinism
c)
cystic fibrosis
d)
Huntington�s disease
180.
stunts growth to a maximum of 1.2 m
a)
achondroplasia
b)
albinism
c)
cystic fibrosis
d)
Huntington�s disease
181.
A person who is a heterozygous for a recessive genetic disorder is called a
a)
carrier
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
epistasis
d)
autosomes
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