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Worksheets5.7 Review
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 4hrs 58mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following best describes how a landform might be created by moving wind, water, or ice?
a)
Lava cools and hardens, creating a new island.
b)
A river deposits sediments in a delta near the coast.
c)
A beach becomes smaller over time, due to wave action.
d)
A glacier gets larger as snow builds up on a mountain.
2.
Which of the following best describes how a landform might be created by moving wind, water, or ice?
a)
Lava cools and hardens, creating a new island.
b)
A river deposits sediments in a delta near the coast.
c)
A beach becomes smaller over time, due to wave action.
d)
A glacier gets larger as snow builds up on a mountain.
3.
Which of the following best describers how erosion can change the shape of a valley?
a)
Large boulders are broken down by freezing water.
b)
Glaciers carve a U-shape as they move downhill.
c)
Large quantities of snow build up and compact into ice.
d)
Winds blowing on water create powerful waves.
4.
Small particles of broken down rock can be formed into sedimentary rock when they are buried and then –
a)
melted completely because of extreme heat
b)
compressed and cemented together
c)
pushed upward and exposed to wind and water
d)
contaminated by underground nuclear material
5.
Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from...
a)
Water eroding the land
b)
Meteors hitting Earth.
c)
Repeated volcanic eruptions.
d)
The decay of dead plants and animals
6.
The movement of weathered particles by water, wind, or ice.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
All of the above
7.
The breaking down of rock on the surface of the Earth, usually by the force of water, wind or ice.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Landform
8.
Glaciers are masses of ice that move slowly on land. Which of these features was most likely formed by a glacier?
a)
A wide valley
b)
A deep ocean
c)
A lava flow
d)
A mountain range
9.
The Rio Grand Valley is located at the southern tip of Texas at the end of a long river know as the Rio Grand. How do the delta at the end of the Rio Grande form?
a)
Sand and mud from the Gulf of Mexico were washed ashore by tsunamis.
b)
The river cut through the solid bedrock of the valley.
c)
The deposited large amounts of sediments from land erosion.
d)
Hurricanes pushed soil and debris from the Gulf of Mexico onto the land.
10.
A wide U-shaped valley is shown in the photograph. This valley was most likely formed by--
a)
flash floods
b)
a glacier
c)
a hurricane
d)
melting snow
11.
The photograph shows a canyon in northern Arizona. Which of these describes how this canyon was most likely formed?
a)
Floods eroded the sandstone away from the canyon walls.
b)
Glaciers eroded the canyon rock as they melted and moved.
c)
Ice wedged into cracks in the rock and weathered the canyon walls.
d)
Wind blew large rocks that smashed against the canyon walls.
12.
A student hiking in a rocky area on a mountain notices that wide, deep cracks have broken apart. Which process most likely caused these rocks to crack and break?
a)
Erosion by wind
b)
Water freezing and thawing
c)
Erosion by fast-moving water
d)
Sediment being deposited
13.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
14.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
15.
Which would be the best place to construct a series of wind turbines in order to generate the most electrical energy?
a)
In a forest with plenty of trees
b)
The area is flat, yet elevated (higher altitudes work best)
c)
In an area highly populated with birds
d)
Near a city with plenty of buildings.
16.
The high walls along a river and the river itself.
a)
Glacier
b)
Earthquake
c)
Canyon
d)
Volcano
17.
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
18.
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
19.
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
20.
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
21.
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
22.
This valley is a result of
a)
water erosion
b)
deposition
c)
glaciers
d)
wind
23.
Students wanted to model the way erosion by water can create certain land forms. They let water pour, in a thin line, over a salt brick for half an hour. The way in which the brick changed is shown above. Which of the following best describes the real world landform they modeled?
a)
Stream deposits creating a delta
b)
A river carving out a canyon
c)
Folding of rock layers building a mountain
d)
Glacial melt water filling a lake
24.
A hill of sand formed by the deposition of sand by the wind.
a)
Delta
b)
Sand dune
c)
Canyon
d)
Landslide
25.
Sand dunes are created when sand is moved and deposited by –
a)
strong, persistent winds
b)
slow moving sheets of ice
c)
frequent lava flows
d)
powerful ocean currents
26.
A ______________ converts mechanical energy into electricity.
a)
panel
b)
turbine
c)
generator
d)
power plant
27.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
28.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
29.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
30.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
31.
What causes the Appalachian Mountains to be more rounded while the Rocky Mountains are pointed?
a)
Mining
b)
Weathering and Erosion
c)
Plant and Animal Life
d)
Earthquakes
32.
True or False: Fossils found deeper in the ground are older than fossils found near the surface.
a)
True
b)
False
33.
The process that presses sediments together
a)
clastic rock
b)
cementation
c)
compaction
d)
deposition
34.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
35.
Fossil Fuels are formed...
a)
From the remains of organisms
b)
By high winds and temperatures
c)
In shallow areas over short period of time.
d)
In shallow areas over short periods of time.
36.
The layers of sedimentary rock were found in this order beneath the ground. Which layer formed first?
a)
Layer A
b)
Layer B
c)
Layer C
d)
Layer A, B, and C were formed at the same time.
37.
Oil is often found beneath the ocean because...
a)
The salt in ocean water will change to oil over thousands of years.
b)
The dead organisms mix with sand and are turned to oil by heat and pressure.
c)
The cold temerature at the bottom of the ocean changes shells into oil.
d)
The smaller organisms are eaten by larger organisms whose digestive systems change them into oil.
38.
Which two processes contributed to the formation of sedimentary rocks?
a)
Compaction and Melting
b)
Cementation and Molding
c)
Compaction and Cementation
d)
Molding and Melting
39.
What is deposition?
a)
When pieces of sediment are dropped
b)
When sediment is moved by wind, water or ice
c)
When rock is broken down into smaller pieces
d)
When rock pieces are compacted
40.
Energy stored by plants hundreds of millions of years ago that are buried underground are the energy we find in...
a)
electricity
b)
fossil fuels
c)
natural gas
41.
a)
Where they come from
b)
How they are produced
c)
How useful they are
d)
How long they take to form
42.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
a)
Coal, Oil, and Gasoline
b)
Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
c)
Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum
d)
Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources
43.
Which layer formed first?
a)
Rock Layer W
b)
Rock Layer X
c)
Rock Layer Y
d)
Rock Layer Z
44.
This valley is a result of
a)
water erosion
b)
deposition
c)
glaciers
d)
wind
45.
This cave formation is a result of
a)
wind erosion
b)
deposition of minerals
c)
ice
46.
This delta is a result of
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
47.
Ice wedging is an example of
a)
deposition
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
48.
"younger over oldest" means that the the OLDEST rock layer is on the _________.
a)
top
b)
bottom
49.
In what kind of rock can fossils be found?
a)
Sedimentary Rocks
b)
Igneous Rocks
c)
Metamorphic Rocks
d)
Granite
50.
Some students made a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 cm of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 cm of gravel. Finally, they pour 2 cm of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?
a)
Sedimentary rock is made of layers.
b)
Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.
c)
Sedimentary rock is often limestone.
d)
Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.
51.
Which of the following best describes how a landform might be created by moving wind, water, or ice?
a)
Lava cools and hardens, creating a new island.
b)
A river deposits sediments in a delta near the coast.
c)
A beach becomes smaller over time, due to wave action.
d)
A glacier gets larger as snow builds up on a mountain.
52.
Which of the following best describers how erosion can change the shape of a valley?
a)
Large boulders are broken down by freezing water.
b)
Glaciers carve a U-shape as they move downhill.
c)
Large quantities of snow build up and compact into ice.
d)
Winds blowing on water create powerful waves.
53.
Students wanted to model the way erosion by water can create certain land forms. They let water pour, in a thin line, over a salt brick for half an hour. The way in which the brick changed is shown above. Which of the following best describes the real world landform they modeled?
a)
Stream deposits creating a delta
b)
A river carving out a canyon
c)
Folding of rock layers building a mountain
d)
Glacial melt water filling a lake
54.
All of the following land forms are the result of moving wind water and ice EXCEPT –
a)
A canyon
b)
A sand dune
c)
A delta
d)
A mountain
55.
Which of the following is a process that creates the sediments that form sedimentary rock?
a)
Wind, water, and ice breaking rock into smaller pieces
b)
Heat from the earth melting rock below the surface
c)
Volcanoes putting out lava that cools to form new rock
d)
Continents pushing together to fold layers of rock
56.
Rocks are weathered when...
a)
Magma cools
b)
When sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river
c)
The movement of sediment
d)
They are broken down into smaller pieces
57.
Sediment is...
a)
Magma that hardens to lava
b)
What the Earth's core is composed of
c)
Pieces of rock and other materials that is transported by water, wind, or ice
d)
Plants and animal remains
58.
Which layer formed first?
a)
D
b)
A
c)
F
d)
All of the layers formed at the same time.
59.
What is a fossil?
a)
The impression in rock made by dead plants and/or animals
b)
A type of metamorphic rock
c)
A dead animal
d)
A plant you found in your front yard
60.
Landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes can be formed due to the forces of...
a)
Water
b)
Wind
c)
Ice
d)
All of the above
61.
Fossil Fuels are...
a)
Made up of organic material
b)
Used to generate energy sources
c)
Are nonrenewable resources
d)
All of the above
62.
Erosion is...
a)
The movement of sediment from one location to another
b)
The breaking down of rock and other particles
c)
The depositing of sediment
d)
When sediment is deposited in layers
63.
What is the difference between compaction and cementation?
a)
Cementation is the pressing of layers of sediment into sedimentary rock; Compaction is the minerals in water sticking sediments together to form sedimentary rock.
b)
Compaction is the pressing of layers of sedimentary rock; Cementation is the pressing of layers together deep in the earth with heat to form sedimentary rock.
c)
Compaction is sediments melting together to form sedimentary rock; cementation is the minerals in water sticking sediments together to form sedimentary rock.
d)
Compaction is the pressing of layers into sedimentary rock; Cementation is the minerals in water sticking sediments together to form sedimentary rock.
64.
A student wants to model the formation of sedimentary rock. What will the student need?
a)
Sediments and pressure
b)
Sediments floating in water
c)
Sediments heated in water
d)
Sediments dissolved by the sun
65.
What causes the pressure necessary to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Chemicals in the rock
b)
Temperatures inside the earth
c)
Weight from rocks above
d)
Water flowing over rock
66.
Oil is often found beneath the ocean because...
a)
The salt in ocean water will change to oil over thousands of years.
b)
The dead organisms mix with sand and are turned to oil by heat and pressure.
c)
The cold temerature at the bottom of the ocean changes shells into oil.
d)
The smaller organisms are eaten by larger organisms whose digestive systems change them into oil.
67.
Which two processes contributed to the formation of sedimentary rocks?
a)
Compaction and Melting
b)
Cementation and Molding
c)
Compaction and Cementation
d)
Molding and Melting
68.
Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from...
a)
Water eroding the land
b)
Meteors hitting Earth.
c)
Repeated volcanic eruptions.
d)
The decay of dead plants and animals
69.
Which of the following is NOTa fossil fuel?
a)
Alcohol
b)
Coal
c)
Natural Gas
d)
Oil
70.
A large, flat area of land at the mouth of a river formed by the deposition of sediments.
a)
Canyon
b)
Erosion
c)
Landslide
d)
Delta
71.
Occurs when gravity pulls down some of the land on the slope of a hill.
a)
Landslide
b)
Weathering
c)
Deposition
d)
Sand dune
72.
The shaking of the Earth's crust caused by large pieces of rock underneath the Earth's surface moving against each other.
a)
Landslide
b)
Deposition
c)
Weathering
d)
Earthquake
73.
A huge piece of ice that slowly moves across the surface of the Earth and remains frozen during the entire year.
a)
Glacier
b)
Sand dune
c)
Delta
d)
Landslide
74.
The process by which materials that have been eroded are dropped in a new place.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
All of the above
75.
The movement of weathered particles by water, wind, or ice.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
All of the above
76.
The breaking down of rock on the surface of the Earth, usually by the force of water, wind or ice.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Landform
77.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
78.
Using fossil fuels presents challenges because....
a)
They are difficult to transform into energy
b)
they are nonrenewable resources and they pollute our atmosphere
c)
they are buried deep in the ocean
d)
It is difficult to find them
79.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
80.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
81.
The photograph shows a canyon in northern Arizona. Which of these describes how this canyon was most likely formed?
a)
Floods eroded the sandstone away from the canyon walls.
b)
Glaciers eroded the canyon rock as they melted and moved.
c)
Ice wedged into cracks in the rock and weathered the canyon walls.
d)
Wind blew large rocks that smashed against the canyon walls.
82.
A wide U-shaped valley is shown in the photograph. This valley was most likely formed by--
a)
flash floods
b)
a glacier
c)
a hurricane
d)
melting snow
83.
The Rio Grand Valley is located at the southern tip of Texas at the end of a long river know as the Rio Grand. How do the delta at the end of the Rio Grande form?
a)
Sand and mud from the Gulf of Mexico were washed ashore by tsunamis.
b)
The river cut through the solid bedrock of the valley.
c)
The deposited large amounts of sediments from land erosion.
d)
Hurricanes pushed soil and debris from the Gulf of Mexico onto the land.
84.
A student hiking in a rocky area on a mountain notices that wide, deep cracks have broken apart. Which process most likely caused these rocks to crack and break?
a)
Erosion by wind
b)
Water freezing and thawing
c)
Erosion by fast-moving water
d)
Sediment being deposited
85.
Glaciers are masses of ice that move slowly on land. Which of these features was most likely formed by a glacier?
a)
A wide valley
b)
A deep ocean
c)
A lava flow
d)
A mountain range
86.
The model below shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years?
a)
Sand in the sediments melts and turns into rock.
b)
The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.
c)
Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.
d)
Pollution caused by humans turns the sediments into rock.
87.
All of these are related to the formation of oil and natural gas EXCEPT-
a)
decomposed animals
b)
decayed plants
c)
sedimentary rocks
d)
active volcanoes
88.
Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?
a)
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
b)
Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rocks.
c)
Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
d)
Sediments grains fall to the bottom of a lake to form sedimentary layers.
89.
What causes the Appalachian Mountains to be more rounded while the Rocky Mountains are pointed?
a)
Mining
b)
Weathering and Erosion
c)
Plant and Animal Life
d)
Earthquakes
90.
Shell fossils indicate that area was once _____________.
a)
On top of a mountain
b)
In the garage
c)
In the desert
d)
Under the water
91.
___________ provide information about life and conditions of the past.
a)
Fossils
b)
Sedimentary Rocks
c)
Metamorphic Rocks
d)
Igneous Rocks
92.
The house shown here has underground pipes that pump water below the surface of the Earth to heat the home.
Which alternative energy source does this house use?
Which alternative energy source does this house use?
a)
Geothermal
b)
Hydroelectric
c)
Solar
d)
Biofuel
93.
Biofuels are alternative energy resources generated from —
a)
moving air
b)
plants and animals
c)
buried minerals
d)
molten rock
94.
This illustration shows devices that rotate and generate energy.
These devices are using what natural resource to generate power?
These devices are using what natural resource to generate power?
a)
Wind
b)
Oil
c)
Coal
d)
Natural Gas
95.
When looking for a location to build a hydroelectric plant, a necessary requirement for generating power is –
a)
a source of moving water
b)
a large number of lakes
c)
organic plant and animal remains
d)
access to the heat in the Earth
96.
Geothermal energy uses heat energy from under the earth’s surface to heat buildings and also to generate –
a)
building materials
b)
solar power
c)
fossil fuels
d)
electric energy
97.
A hydroelectric power plant generates electricity by using the energy of which of the following?
a)
Blowing wind
b)
Organic Matter
c)
Moving water
d)
Earth's core
98.
A student is preparing a presentation about alternative energy resources. The student has found the following information:
Which alternative energy source does this information describe?
Which alternative energy source does this information describe?
a)
Hydroelectricity
b)
Solar energy
c)
Biofuels
d)
Wind
99.
Students researched electrical power production and discovered that not all sources have the same efficiency. The data table demonstrates their findings.
Based on the data collected, which source of alternative energy is most efficient?
Based on the data collected, which source of alternative energy is most efficient?
a)
Coal
b)
Wind
c)
Natural gas
d)
Solar
100.
Landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes can be formed due to the forces of...
a)
Water
b)
Wind
c)
Ice
d)
All of the above
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