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Water Cycle and Climate Review

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the water cycle?
a)
the 3 forms of water
b)
the movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth
c)
when water melts
d)
when clouds form
2.

What is it called when WATER is changed from a LIQUID to WATER VAPOR or a GAS?

a)

EVAPORATION

b)

PRECIPITATION

c)

TRANSPIRATION

3.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
4.
What is the energy source for the water cycle?
a)
the sun
b)
the earth
c)
water
d)
the moon
5.
What do we call water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking in?
a)
runoff
b)
discharge
c)
recharge
d)
tributary
6.
What is groundwater?
a)
Water spilled on the ground
b)
Fresh water that has seeped through the cracks in the ground
c)
Water
d)
An in ground pool
7.
The flow of water from land into a body of water.
a)
groundwater
b)
headwaters
c)
run-off
d)
infiltration
8.
On which kind of day would you expect the most evaporation from the surface of a pond?
a)
warm, sunny
b)
cold, sunny
c)
warm, rainy
d)
cold, rainy
9.
What is A?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
10.
What is B?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
11.
What is C?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
12.
What is D?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
13.
Porosity refers to...
a)
the shape of the particles
b)
The sorting of the particles
c)
% of pore space in a material
d)
% of cement in a material
14.
Impermeable materials...
a)
have an abundance of pores.
b)
let water in.
c)
have little to no pores.
15.
Water flows through permeable materials ____________________ than impermeable materials.
a)
slower
b)
faster
16.
Poorly sorted soil...
a)
has low porosity
b)
has high porosity
c)
has high pore space
d)
means water will move through quickly
17.
The ___________________ the grain size, the faster the water will move through the soil.
a)
more mixed
b)
smaller
c)
larger
18.
The measure of how easily water can flow through an aquifer. 
a)
porosity
b)
permeability
c)
gradient
d)
divide
19.
Flash flooding often occurs in city areas because
a)
Roads, pavements, and buildings reduce the infiltration of water into the ground
b)
Ground water storage is usually very large
c)
unoff decreases during precipitation
d)
The heat generated by city areas decreases actual evapotranspiration
20.
Which soil-property measurement usually is greater when particles are fine than when particles are coarse?
a)
Porosity
b)
Permeability
c)
Infiltration
d)
Capillarity
21.
The diagram shows two identical containers filled with uniform particles that were sorted by size.  Which characteristic is most likely the same for these particle-filled containers?
a)
Water retention
b)
Capillarity
c)
Infiltration rate
d)
Porosity
22.
Which graph shows the effect of soil permeability on the amount of runoff in an area?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
23.
The diagram is a cross-sectional view of rain falling on a farm field and then moving to the water table Which word best describes the movement of the rainwater through zone A?
a)
Saturation
b)
Runoff
c)
Precipitation
d)
Infiltration
24.
Compared to an area of Earth’s surface with gentle slopes, and area with steeper slopes most likely has
a)
More infiltration and more runoff
b)
Less infiltration and more runoff
c)
More infiltration and less runoff
d)
Less infiltration and less runoff
25.
Which set of surface soil conditions on a hillside would result in the most infiltration of rainfall?
a)
Steep slope, unsaturated soil, no vegetation
b)
Gentle slope, unsaturated soil, vegetation
c)
Steep slope, saturated soil, vegetation
d)
Gentle slope, saturated soil, no vegetation
26.
Water can pass through a sandstone sample because the sample is
a)
Permeable
b)
Well compacted and cemented
c)
Organic in origin
d)
Composed of pebble-sized particles
27.

Which soil conditions normally result in the greatest amount of runoff?

a)

vegetation and steep slope

b)

no vegetation and steep slope

c)

vegetation and gentle slope

d)

no vegetation and gentle slope

28.
Clouds form through 
a)
precipitation
b)
condensation
c)
evaporation
d)
infiltration 
29.
What are the two main factors that determine the climate of an area?
a)
precipitation and humidity
b)
temperature and air pressure
c)
wind conditions and humidity
d)
temperature and precipitation
30.
What is the condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a certain time and place?
a)
climate
b)
temperature
c)
weather
d)
air pressure
31.
Which sentence best describes how latitude and temperature are related?
a)
LOWER latitude = COLDER air temperature
b)
HIGHER latitude = COLDER air temperature
c)
HIGHER latitude = WARMER temperatures
32.
What is the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time?
a)
climate
b)
temperature
c)
elevation
d)
precipitation
33.
Which sentence best describes the relationship between elevation and air temperatures?
a)
LOWER elevation = COLDER temperatures
b)
HIGHER elevation = COLDER temperatures
c)
HIGHER elevations = WARMER temperatures
34.
Which is not a factor that affects climate?
a)
altitude
b)
latitude
c)
lakes and oceans
d)
living organisms
35.
 The rain shadow is shown at ____
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
36.
A continental climate is ____.
a)
warm summers, cold winters, moderate precipitation
b)
hot summers, mild winters, heavy precipitation
c)
hot summers, mild winters, very little precipitation
d)
cool summers, cold winters, moderate precipitation
37.
What climate does a desert have?
a)
Tropical
b)
Polar
c)
Arid/Dry
d)
Temperate
38.
Antarctica is cold all the time. What is it's climate?
a)
Tropical
b)
Polar
c)
Arid/Dry
d)
Temperate
39.
Which of the following does NOT have an affect on a region's climate?
a)
Large bodies of water
b)
Latitude
c)
Mountains
d)
Longitude
40.

How do currents such as the Gulf Stream affect regional climates?

a)

Currents absorb heat as they move from low latitudes to high latitudes.

b)

Currents distribute heat from offshore regions to coastal regions.

c)

Currents distribute heat from the equator to higher latitudes.

d)

Currents remove heat from higher latitudes and distribute it at the equator.

41.

Which explains why water is able to moderate coastal climates?

a)

Water's low heat capacity causes frequent cooling rain showers.

b)

Water's high heat capacity causes frequent cooling rain showers.

c)

Water's low heat capacity allows it to absorb large amounts of heat.

d)

Water's high heat capacity allows it to absorb large amounts of heat.

42.
What does the term "altitude" refer to?
a)
Rainfall
b)
Cloud cover
c)
How high above sea level
d)
Where the wind blows from
43.
What is the surface current that brings warmer temperatures to Europe?
a)
Gulf Stream
b)
Red Sea
c)
Saltwater
d)
Eastern Australian Current
44.
The higher the altitude of a city, the lower the _____________. 
a)
Temperatures
b)
Rainfall
c)
Clouds
d)
Population
45.
The sea takes __________ to warm up and cool down than the temperatures on land.
a)
More time
b)
Less time
c)
The same amount of time
46.

Snowfall is rare at the South Pole because the air over the South Pole is usually

a)

Sinking and moist

b)

Sinking and dry

c)

Rising and moist

d)

Rising and dry

47.

Dark Volcanic Ash in the atmosphere causes the temperatures to be

a)

warmer because ash and dust increase atmospheric transparency

b)

warmer because ash and dust decrease atmospheric transparency

c)

cooler because ash and dust decrease atmospheric transparency

d)

cooler because ash and dust increase atmospheric transparency

48.

What type of climate do you have on the windward side of a mountain range

a)

Cool and Wet

b)

Cool and Dry

c)

Warm and Wet

d)

Warm and Dry

49.

What type of climate does the Leeward Side of a mountain range have?

a)

Cool and Wet

b)

Cool and Dry

c)

Warm and Wet

d)

Warm and Dry

50.

Which latitude will have the greatest amount of precipitation? (ESRT pg 14)

a)

90 Degrees N

b)

90 degrees S

c)

0 degrees

d)

30 degrees S

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