wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

NEW

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

AP Unit 2/Gen. Psychology Ch. 1 Research Methods

Total questions: 43

Worksheet time: 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The condition that exists when the probability that the findings are not due to chance
a)
statistical significance
b)
experimenter bias
c)
confounding variables
2.

Name the term that we use to describe when each time a study is repeated, the results are consistent.

a)

validity

b)

reliability

c)

sample

3.

What do we call factors that cause differences between the experimental group and control group other than the independent variable?

a)

control group

b)

population

c)

confounding variables

4.

The factor that the researcher manipulates in a controlled experiment is the

a)

dependent variable.

b)

independent variable.

c)

confounding variable.

5.

The subgroup of the population that participates in the study is called the

a)

sample.

b)

assignment.

c)

group.

6.

What do we call the phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results?

a)

placebo

b)

case study

c)

experimenter bias

7.

What do we call the subgroup of the sample that receives the independent variable?

a)

experimental group

b)

control group

c)

population

8.

What do we call a division of the sample into groups so that every individual has an equal chance of being put in any group or condition?

a)

single blind

b)

double blind

c)

random assignment

d)

random sampling

9.

What do we call a psychological or physical treatment given to the control group that resembles the treatment given to the experimental group, but that contains no active ingredient?

a)

independent variable

b)

placebo

c)

dependent variable

10.

What do we call a description of the specific procedure used to determine the presence of a variable that is created so that the experiment can be replicated by others?

a)

operational definition

b)

independent variable

c)

controlled group

11.

What is the research design in which neither the experimenter nor the participants know who is in the experimental group and who is in control group?

a)

single blind study

b)

case study

c)

double blind study

12.

What is the term for the extent to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure?

a)

reliability

b)

validity

c)

standardized

13.

What do we call the suggested rules for acting responsibly and morally when conducting research?

a)

ethics

b)

guidelines

c)

rules

14.

What do we call the statistic that measures the average difference between each score and the mean of the data set?

a)

median

b)

range

c)

standard deviation

15.

What is the form of correlational research where one specific group of people or person is studied in detail through interviews, file reviews, etc., and which is not generalizable?

a)

case study

b)

naturalistic evaluation

c)

experiment

16.

What do we call the research design in which participants don't know whether they are in experimental or control group?

a)

double blind

b)

naturalistic observation

c)

single blind

17.

What do we call a response to the belief that the independent variable will have an effect on the subjects when they haven't been given the independent variable?

a)

placebo effect

b)

case study

c)

experiment

18.

What term do we use to describe the comparison group, the subgroup of the sample that is similar to the experimental group in every way except for the presence of the independent variable?

a)

experimental group

b)

control group

c)

population

19.

What are organized sets of concepts that explain phenomena?

a)

theories

b)

hypothesis

c)

ideas

20.

What do we call the variable that is affected by the independent variable in an experiment?

a)

dependent variable

b)

independent variable

c)

random sample

21.

What do we call careful observations of humans or animals in real life situations?

a)

case study

b)

survey

c)

naturalistic observation

22.

What type of research is being done when we obtain large samples of abilities, beliefs or behaviors through written or interview questions?

a)

case study

b)

naturalistic observation

c)

survey

23.

What do we call all of the individuals in the group to which a study applies?

a)

random sample

b)

population

c)

group

24.

What do we call it when we have repetition of the methods used in a previous experiment to see whether the same methods will yield the same results?

a)

validity

b)

research

c)

replication

25.

What must a researcher do to fulfill the ethical principle of informed consent?

a)

Keep information about participants confidential.

b)

Allow participants to choose whether to take part.

c)

Provide participants with a pre-experimental explanation of the study.

d)

Protect participants from potential harm.

26.

Which ethical principle requires that at the end of the study participants be told about the true purpose of the research?

a)

Institutional Review Board Approval

b)

informed consent

c)

confidentiality

d)

debriefing

27.

When a distribution of scores is skewed, which of the following is the most representative measure of central tendency?

a)

inference

b)

standard deviation

c)

mean

d)

median

28.

Which of the following represents naturalistic observation?

a)

Researchers watch and record how elementary school children interact on the playground.

b)

Researchers bring participants into a laboratory to see how they respond to a puzzle with no solution.

c)

A principal looks at the relationships between the number of students absence and their grades.

d)

Two grandparents sit in the front row to watch their grandson's first piano recital.

29.

"Monday Morning Quarterbacks" rarely act surprised about the outcome of the weekend football games. This tendency to believe they knew how the game would turn out is best explained by which psychological principle?

a)

overconfidence

b)

hindsight bias

c)

intuition

d)

illusory correlation

30.

Which of the following is a positive correlation?

a)

As study time decreases, students achieve lower grades.

b)

As levels of self-esteem decline, levels of depression increase.

c)

Gas mileage decreases as vehicle weight increases.

d)

People who exercise regularly are less likely to be obese.

31.

Which of the following is a potential problem for a case study?

a)

They provide too much detail and the researcher is likely to lose track of the most important facts.

b)

They are generally too expensive to be economical.

c)

They may be misleading because they don't fairly represent other cases.

d)

The dependent variable is difficult to operationally define in a case study.

32.

A mistaken belief that two factors or events are related when they are not is called

a)

the rule of falsifiability.

b)

pseudoscience.

c)

an illusory correlation.

d)

a paranormal phenomenon.

33.

The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to

a)

exaggerate their ability to have foreseen the outcome of past events.

b)

reject any ideas that cannot be scientifically tested.

c)

dismiss the value of replication.

d)

overestimate the extent to which others share their opinions.

34.
Our tendency to believe we know more than we do illustrates
a)
naturalistic observation.
b)
illusory correlation.
c)
overconfidence.
d)
the standard deviation.
35.

Hypotheses are best described as

a)

confirmations.

b)

replications.

c)

assumptions.

d)

predictions.

36.
In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head damaging the functioning of the frontal lobes. This instance provided evidence that the frontal lobe plays a role in personality and behavior. Researchers have continued to study Gage's brain to better understand this link. Which research method is being used?
a)
experimentation
b)
case study
c)
survey
d)
correlation
37.
Which research method would be most appropriate for investigating the relationship between the religious beliefs of Americans and their attitudes toward abortion?
a)
survey
b)
naturalistic observation
c)
case study
d)
experiment
38.
A correlation coefficient is a measure of the
a)
average squared deviation of scores from a sample mean.
b)
statistical significance of a difference between two sample means.
c)
direction and strength of the relationship between two variables.
d)
difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
39.

To graphically represent the correlation between two variables, researchers often construct a

a)

pie chart.

b)

bar graph.

c)

scatterplot.

d)

skewed distribution.

40.
Which of the following is true for those assigned to a control group?
a)
The experimental treatment is absent.
b)
The experimenter exerts the greatest influence on participants' behavior.
c)
The research participants are exposed to the most favorable levels of experimental treatment.
d)
The research participants are exposed to all the different experimental treatments.
41.

What do we call the prediction of how one or more factors are likely to be related?

a)

validity

b)

theory

c)

hypothesis

42.

What are participants promised so that they feel comfortable answering questions honestly?

a)

written consent

b)

debriefing

c)

confidence

d)

confidentiality

43.

The symmetric, bell shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many human characteristics are dispersed in the population is known as a

a)

scatter plot.

b)

normal distribution.

c)

frequency polygon.

d)

histogram.