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WorksheetsAP Unit 2/Gen. Psychology Ch. 1 Research Methods
Total questions: 43
Worksheet time: 18mins
Name the term that we use to describe when each time a study is repeated, the results are consistent.
validity
reliability
sample
What do we call factors that cause differences between the experimental group and control group other than the independent variable?
control group
population
confounding variables
The factor that the researcher manipulates in a controlled experiment is the
dependent variable.
independent variable.
confounding variable.
The subgroup of the population that participates in the study is called the
sample.
assignment.
group.
What do we call the phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results?
placebo
case study
experimenter bias
What do we call the subgroup of the sample that receives the independent variable?
experimental group
control group
population
What do we call a division of the sample into groups so that every individual has an equal chance of being put in any group or condition?
single blind
double blind
random assignment
random sampling
What do we call a psychological or physical treatment given to the control group that resembles the treatment given to the experimental group, but that contains no active ingredient?
independent variable
placebo
dependent variable
What do we call a description of the specific procedure used to determine the presence of a variable that is created so that the experiment can be replicated by others?
operational definition
independent variable
controlled group
What is the research design in which neither the experimenter nor the participants know who is in the experimental group and who is in control group?
single blind study
case study
double blind study
What is the term for the extent to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure?
reliability
validity
standardized
What do we call the suggested rules for acting responsibly and morally when conducting research?
ethics
guidelines
rules
What do we call the statistic that measures the average difference between each score and the mean of the data set?
median
range
standard deviation
What is the form of correlational research where one specific group of people or person is studied in detail through interviews, file reviews, etc., and which is not generalizable?
case study
naturalistic evaluation
experiment
What do we call the research design in which participants don't know whether they are in experimental or control group?
double blind
naturalistic observation
single blind
What do we call a response to the belief that the independent variable will have an effect on the subjects when they haven't been given the independent variable?
placebo effect
case study
experiment
What term do we use to describe the comparison group, the subgroup of the sample that is similar to the experimental group in every way except for the presence of the independent variable?
experimental group
control group
population
What are organized sets of concepts that explain phenomena?
theories
hypothesis
ideas
What do we call the variable that is affected by the independent variable in an experiment?
dependent variable
independent variable
random sample
What do we call careful observations of humans or animals in real life situations?
case study
survey
naturalistic observation
What type of research is being done when we obtain large samples of abilities, beliefs or behaviors through written or interview questions?
case study
naturalistic observation
survey
What do we call all of the individuals in the group to which a study applies?
random sample
population
group
What do we call it when we have repetition of the methods used in a previous experiment to see whether the same methods will yield the same results?
validity
research
replication
What must a researcher do to fulfill the ethical principle of informed consent?
Keep information about participants confidential.
Allow participants to choose whether to take part.
Provide participants with a pre-experimental explanation of the study.
Protect participants from potential harm.
Which ethical principle requires that at the end of the study participants be told about the true purpose of the research?
Institutional Review Board Approval
informed consent
confidentiality
debriefing
When a distribution of scores is skewed, which of the following is the most representative measure of central tendency?
inference
standard deviation
mean
median
Which of the following represents naturalistic observation?
Researchers watch and record how elementary school children interact on the playground.
Researchers bring participants into a laboratory to see how they respond to a puzzle with no solution.
A principal looks at the relationships between the number of students absence and their grades.
Two grandparents sit in the front row to watch their grandson's first piano recital.
"Monday Morning Quarterbacks" rarely act surprised about the outcome of the weekend football games. This tendency to believe they knew how the game would turn out is best explained by which psychological principle?
overconfidence
hindsight bias
intuition
illusory correlation
Which of the following is a positive correlation?
As study time decreases, students achieve lower grades.
As levels of self-esteem decline, levels of depression increase.
Gas mileage decreases as vehicle weight increases.
People who exercise regularly are less likely to be obese.
Which of the following is a potential problem for a case study?
They provide too much detail and the researcher is likely to lose track of the most important facts.
They are generally too expensive to be economical.
They may be misleading because they don't fairly represent other cases.
The dependent variable is difficult to operationally define in a case study.
A mistaken belief that two factors or events are related when they are not is called
the rule of falsifiability.
pseudoscience.
an illusory correlation.
a paranormal phenomenon.
The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to
exaggerate their ability to have foreseen the outcome of past events.
reject any ideas that cannot be scientifically tested.
dismiss the value of replication.
overestimate the extent to which others share their opinions.
Hypotheses are best described as
confirmations.
replications.
assumptions.
predictions.
To graphically represent the correlation between two variables, researchers often construct a
pie chart.
bar graph.
scatterplot.
skewed distribution.
What do we call the prediction of how one or more factors are likely to be related?
validity
theory
hypothesis
What are participants promised so that they feel comfortable answering questions honestly?
written consent
debriefing
confidence
confidentiality
The symmetric, bell shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many human characteristics are dispersed in the population is known as a
scatter plot.
normal distribution.
frequency polygon.
histogram.
