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Plants and Vertebrates

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

You are studying a plant from the arid SW US. Which of the following adaptations is least likely to have evolved in response to water shortages?

a)

closing the stomata during the hottest time of the day

b)

development of large leaf structures to absorb water

c)

formation of fibrous root system spread over a large area

d)

mycorrhizae associated with the root system

e)

a thick waxy cuticle on the epidemis

2.

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

a)

root-hair--dermal tissue

b)

palisade parenchyma--ground tissue

c)

guard cell--dermal tissue

d)

companion cell--ground tissue

e)

tracheid--vascular tissue

3.

Which of the following is derived from the ground tissue system?

a)

root hairs

b)

cuticle

c)

periderm

d)

pith

e)

phloem

4.

All of the following are plant adaptations to life on land EXCEPT

a)

tracheids and vessels

b)

root hairs

c)

cuticle

d)

the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis

e)

collenchyma

5.

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

a)

taproots

b)

root hairs

c)

the thick part of the roots near the base of the stem

d)

storage roots

e)

sections of the root that have secondary xylem

6.

Land plants are composed of all the following tissue types EXCEPT

a)

mesodermal

b)

epidermal

c)

meristematic

d)

vascular

e)

ground tissue

7.

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types EXCEPT

a)

vessel elements

b)

sieve cells

c)

tracheids

d)

companion cells

e)

cambium cells

8.

_____ is to xylem as ______ is to phloem

a)

Sclerenchyma cell; parenchyma cell

b)

Apical meristem; vascular cambium

c)

Vessel element; sieve-tube member

d)

Cortex; pith

e)

Vascular cambium; cork cambium

9.

CO2 enters the inner spaces of the leaf through the

a)

cuticle

b)

epidermal trichomes

c)

stoma

d)

phloem

e)

walls of guard cells

10.

Which of the following are the water-conducting cells of xylme, have thick walls, and are dead at functional maturity?

a)

parenchyma cells

b)

collenchyma cells

c)

clerenchyma cells

d)

tracheids and vessel elements

e)

sieve-tube elements

11.

Which of the following are sugar-transporting cells in angiosperms?

a)

parenchyma cells

b)

collenchyma cells

c)

clerenchyma cells

d)

tracheids and vessel elements

e)

sieve-tube elements

12.

Which of the following are relatively unspecialized cells that retain the ability to divide and perform most of the plant's metabolic function of synthesis and storage?

a)

parenchyma cells

b)

collenchyma cells

c)

clerenchyma cells

d)

tracheids and vessel elements

e)

sieve-tube elements

13.

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the plant?

a)

parenchyma cells

b)

collenchyma cells

c)

clerenchyma cells

d)

tracheids and vessel elements

e)

sieve-tube elements

14.

Which of the following have thick, lignified walls that help support mature, nongrowing parts of the plant?

a)

parenchyma cells

b)

collenchyma cells

c)

clerenchyma cells

d)

tracheids and vessel elements

e)

sieve-tube elements

15.

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the

a)

cortex

b)

stele

c)

endodermis

d)

periderm

e)

pith

16.

Plants contain meristems whose only function is to

a)

attract pollinators

b)

absorb ions

c)

photosynthesize

d)

divide

e)

produce flowers

17.

Gas exchange, necessary for photosynthesis, can occur most easily in which leaf tissue?

a)

epidermis

b)

palisade mesophyll

c)

spongy mesophyll

d)

vascular tissue

e)

bundle sheath

18.

The outermost layer of the stele of a root is the

a)

cortex

b)

endodermis

c)

Casparian strip

d)

pith

19.

Primary growth is initiated by the

a)

apical meristems

b)

vascular cambium

c)

lateral meristems

d)

ground tissue

e)

dermal tissue

20.

Secondary growth is initiated by the

a)

apical meristems

b)

vascular cambium

c)

lateral meristems

d)

ground tissue

e)

dermal tissue

21.

In plant roots, the Casparian strip does what?

a)

It's located in the walls between endodermal cells and cortex cells

b)

It provides energy for active transport of minerals into the stele from the cortex

c)

It ensures that all minerals are absorbed from the soil in equal amounts

d)

It ensures that all water must pass through a cell membrnae before entering the stele

22.

A water molecule moves th/ a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. The living cell would be part of?

a)

the Casparian strip

b)

a guard cell

c)

the root epidermis

d)

the endodermis

e)

the root cortex

23.

What is the main cause of guttation in plants?

a)

root pressure

b)

transpiration

c)

pressure flow in the phloem

d)

plant injury

e)

condensation of atmospheric water

24.

One is most likely to see guttation in small plants when the

a)

transpiration rates are high

b)

root pressure exceeds transpiration pull

c)

water potential in stele of the root is high

d)

roots are not absorbing minerals from soil

25.

What regulates the flow of water through the xylem?

a)

passive transport by endodermis

b)

number of companion cells in phloem

c)

evaporation of water from the leaves

d)

active transport by sieve-tube members

26.

The opening of stomata is thought to involve

a)

an increase in osmotic concentration of guard cells

b)

decrease in osmotic concentration of stoma

c)

active transport of water out of guard cells

d)

decrease turgor pressure in guard cells

27.

What is the driving force for the movement of materials in the phloem of plants?

a)

gravity

b)

difference in osmotic water potential between source and sink

c)

root pressure

d)

transpiration of water through stomates

28.

What are epiphytes?

a)

aerial vines common in tropical regions

b)

plants that live in poor soil and digest insects to get N

c)

plants that grow on other plants but don't obtain nutrients from hosts

d)

plants that have a symbiotic relationship with fungi

29.

A fruit includes

a)

one or more seeds

b)

the ovary wall

c)

fleshy cells rich in sugars

d)

brightly colored pigments to attract animal dispersers

30.

A seed develops from

a)

an ovum

b)

a pollen grain

c)

an ovule

d)

an ovary

e)

an embryo

31.

A fruit is a(n)

a)

mature ovary

b)

mature ovule

c)

seed plus its integuments

d)

fused carpel

e)

enlarged embryo sac

32.

The seed coat of angiosperms forms from the

a)

ovary

b)

carpel

c)

ovule

d)

penducle

33.

An example of a fruit that disperses seeds by splitting along one or more edges of the carpel is

a)

legumes

b)

drupe

c)

hesperidium

d)

none of the above

34.

Food is stored in seeds in the form of

a)

starch

b)

proteins

c)

fats

d)

oils

e)

all of the above

35.

The suspensor formed in angiosperm seed development links

a)

roots to shoots

b)

stems to leaves

c)

embryo to nutrients

d)

none of the above

36.

Which of the following is a drupe?

a)

peach

b)

apple

c)

plum

d)

cherry

37.

Fruits derived from a single flower with more than one ovary are

a)

multiple fruits

b)

aggregate fruits

c)

drupes

d)

none of the above

38.

Which of the following is NOT a modified stem or branch?

a)

tendrils

b)

thorns

c)

bracts

d)

tubers

e)

corms

39.

Wood consists of accumulated

a)

primary xylem

b)

phloem

c)

schlerenchyma

d)

secondary xylem

40.

Cactus stems may be modified into photosynthetic

a)

rhizomes

b)

cladophylls

c)

tendrils

d)

stolons

41.

Which of the following is a shared characteristic of all chordates?

a)

scales

b)

jaws

c)

vertebrae

d)

dorsal, hollow nerve cord

e)

four-chambered heart

42.

What do hagfishes and lampreys have in common with extinct conodonts?

a)

lungs

b)

jawless condition

c)

bony vertebrae

d)

swim bladders

43.

The endoskeletons of most vertebrates are composed of calcified

a)

cartilage

b)

silica

c)

chitin

d)

dentin

44.

In which of these extant classes did jaws occur earliest?

a)

lampreys

b)

chondrichthyans

c)

ray-finned fishes

d)

lungfishes

e)

placoderms

45.

Which of these is NOT considered an amniote?

a)

amphibians

b)

nonbird reptiles

c)

birds

d)

egg-laying mammals

46.

Which of these added most to vertebrates success in relatively dry environments?

a)

an amniotic egg

b)

the ability to maintain constant body temperature

c)

claws

d)

four chambered heart

47.

Among extant vertebrates, a sheet of muscle called the diaphragm is found in

a)

birds

b)

mammals

c)

nonbird reptiles

d)

both birds and mammals

e)

all of the above

48.

Internal fertilization, amniotic egg, skin that resists drying, heavy bones

a)

amphibians

b)

reptiles

c)

chondrichthyans

d)

mammals

e)

birds

49.

Many have lungs, or gills, and may use skin as a respiratory surface

a)

amphibians

b)

reptiles

c)

chondrichthyans

d)

mammals

e)

birds

50.

No urinary bladder, females with one ovary, no teeth

a)

amphibians

b)

reptiles

c)

chondrichthyans

d)

mammals

e)

birds

51.

A single loop closed circulatory system is characteristic of all

a)

amphibians

b)

birds

c)

reptiles

d)

fish

52.

The ___ of the bony fish evolved to counter the effects of increased bone density.

a)

gills

b)

jaws

c)

swim bladder

d)

teeth

53.

From which group of fish did amphibians originate?

a)

ray-finned

b)

lobe-finned

c)

cartilaginous

d)

acanthodian

54.

In sharks and bony fishes, the propulsion fin is the ___ fin

a)

pectoral

b)

dorsal

c)

pelvic

d)

ventral

e)

caudal

55.

Unique among reptiles, the ___ have a parietal eye.

a)

lizards

b)

crocodiles

c)

snakes

d)

turtles

e)

tuatara

56.

Icthysotega represents

a)

the first chordate

b)

a feathered reptile

c)

the first amphibian

d)

an early cartilaginous fish

57.

Which of the following groups lacks a four-chambered heart?

a)

birds

b)

reptiles

c)

mammals

d)

amphibians

58.

The group of animals that is most closely related to reptiles is the

a)

theraspids

b)

marsupials

c)

monotremes

d)

placental

59.

During embryonic development, a neural crest would be found in all of the following except

a)

cephalochordates

b)

reptiles

c)

birds

d)

mammals

60.

Mammals arose from the

a)

pelycosaurs

b)

therapsids

c)

thecodonts

d)

dinosaurs

e)

birds

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