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AP Unit 14/Gen. Psychology Ch. 16 Social Psychology

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Social loafing is to social facilitation as

a)

sitting quietly is to cheering.

b)

helping is to ignoring.

c)

altruism is to apathy.

d)

a pep talk is to a scolding.

2.

The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in highly emotional group situations in which people feel anonymous.

a)

conformity

b)

deindividuation

c)

prejudice

d)

groupthink

3.
How many of the participants in the Milgram study gave the highest shock to the learners?
a)
about one-half
b)
about three-fourths
c)
about two-thirds
d)
about one-third
4.

What is the most effective strategy to reduce prejudice and us vs. them thinking?

a)

Having groups work together on a task requiring cooperation to reach a common goal.

b)

Discouraging social contact between groups.

c)

Establishing legal equality of all groups.

d)

Education about social issues and diversity.

5.
Who conducted an experiment in conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?
a)
Muzafer Sherif
b)
Philip Zimbardo
c)
Solomon Asch
d)
Stanley Milgram
6.

“Mary earns high grades because she is a genius” is an example of a(n)

a)

just world phenomenon.

b)

fundamental attribution error.

c)

cognitive dissonance.

d)

in-group bias.

7.
Prejudice is a(n) _____ while discrimination is a(n) _____.
a)
behavior; attitude
b)
instinct; choice
c)
attitude; behavior
d)
choice; instinct
8.

You may experience cognitive dissonance if

a)

you learn that a friend you have been sticking up for has lied to you.

b)

you take a job that you dislike in order to feed your family.

c)

you are required to write an essay on a topic you don't agree with.

d)

all of the above

9.
Group polarization is the tendency for 
a)
 a group to become divided on an issue.
b)
a group's opinion to strengthen after discussion with like-minded people.
c)
a group to become extreme in their viewpoints when challenged.
d)
a group to bond during a difficult circumstance.
10.

Chuck is a boss whose philosophy is that if you ask employees to do small jobs, then it is easier to get them to do the large jobs no one likes. It sounds like Chuck knows about

a)

the central route to persuasion.

b)

the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

c)

in-group bias.

d)

attitude.

11.

When is a person less likely to conform?

a)

When the group is unanimous.

b)

When the person feels incompetent.

c)

When the group will not see how the person responds.

d)

When the person admires the group.

12.

Failure to take action because of the presence of others is an example of

a)

altruism.

b)

polarization.

c)

social loafing.

d)

the bystander effect.

13.
Which of the following occurs when you agree to the request of another person even though you don’t think the request is right?
a)
deindividuation
b)
compliance
c)
bystander effect
d)
social loafing
14.
The bystander effect increases with
a)
obedience of the crowd.
b)
the social facilitation of the crowd.
c)
the size of the crowd.
d)
the altruism of the crowd.
15.

Going from a small favor to a large favor with another person is called

a)

the appreciation gradient.

b)

the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

c)

positive reinforcement.

d)

psychoanalysis.

16.
The tendency to overestimate disposition & underestimate the situation when analyzing the behavior of others is known as ___.
a)
Disposition
b)
Fundamental Attribution Error
c)
General Adaptation Syndrome
d)
Emotional Blends
17.

___ is when one's attitudes don't match his/her actions.

a)

Obedience to authority

b)

Cognitive dissonance

c)

Conformity

d)

Social influence

18.
___ states that the more we see or experience of something, the more we will like it.
a)
The Social Thinking Theory
b)
Attraction
c)
The Mere Exposure Effect
d)
Foot in the Door 
19.

The tendency for people to perform differently when in the presence of others, compared to when alone, is known as ___.

a)

peer pressure

b)

acting

c)

appearance

d)

social facilitation

20.

Large groups sometimes lead to ___.

a)

mutiny

b)

deindividuation

c)

evolution

d)

unrest

21.

As the number of bystanders increases, the chance of an individual helping one in need ___.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

d)

increases, but only to a certain extent

22.

Social loafing refers to

a)

an individual’s tendency to slack off when working in a group more than when working alone.

b)

an individual's tendency to work alone rather than in a group.

c)

an individual's tendency to be concerned about others' opinions.

d)

an individual's tendency to NOT be concerned with others' opinions.

23.

The tendency of people to feel less responsibility for accomplishing a task when the task is shared by members of a group is called

a)

diffusion of responsibility.

b)

risky shift.

c)

polarization.

d)

evaluation apprehension.

24.

Research on physical attractiveness has shown that

a)

most people disregard physical attractiveness when forming first impressions of others .

b)

desirable personality characteristics are typically ascribed to good-looking people.

c)

good-looking people tend to be viewed as less intelligent and competent.

d)

men are less likely than women to make biased judgments of others based on physical appearance.

25.
A man who believes that "women just don't make good leaders" may dwell on his female supervisor's mistakes and quickly forget about her achievements. This scenario illustrates which of the following concepts?
a)
defensive attribution
b)
illusory correlation effect
c)
bystander effect
d)
diffusion of responsibility
26.

A student has just failed a psychology exam. Which of the following explanations is LEAST likely to be evidence of the self-serving bias?

a)

My teacher hates me.

b)

That material was so hard that no one could have passed that test.

c)

I didn't study hard enough.

d)

That room was too hot for me to concentrate.

27.

One way to reduce inter-group conflict is to establish

a)

superordinate goals.

b)

group polarization.

c)

counter-conformity.

d)

diffusion of responsibility.

28.

Solomon Asch’s findings on conformity might best be used to explain why

a)

members of a family all like the taste of bananas.

b)

adolescents follow fads in dress and hairstyle.

c)

people are less likely to accept blame for their failures than accept credit for their successes.

d)

performance is enhanced in the presence of others.

29.

In Stanley Milgram's research on obedience, the "teacher" routinely

a)

resisted the authority figure.

b)

obeyed the authority figure.

c)

conformed to the other participant's answers.

d)

left the experiment.

30.

Which of the following is an example of social facilitation?

a)

A student scores higher on tests taken with classmates than with strangers.

b)

A kid reads more books when promised free pizza for reading a greater number.

c)

An athlete performs better in games before a large crowd than she does in practice.

d)

An editor’s productivity increases when she is given a private office.

31.

Holding a predetermined belief about a group of people, regardless of the personal qualities of the individual members, is referred to as

a)

stereotyping.

b)

discrimination.

c)

dissonance.

d)

polarization.

32.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of groupthink?

a)

Dividing the world into the in-group and the out-group.

b)

Censoring dissent from group members.

c)

Gathering all the relevant information before making a decision.

d)

Blindly agreeing with the leader of a group

33.

The Stanford Prison Experiment showed the world that people will

a)

readily conform to social roles.

b)

misbehave when unsupervised.

c)

behave according to disposition.

d)

always treat prisoners unfairly.

34.

The attribution of achievements to disposition, and failures to situation is known as ___.

a)

self serving bias

b)

behavior

c)

fundamental attribution error

d)

attitude formation

35.

The Stanford Prison experiment demonstrated

a)

the negative consequences of groupthink.

b)

how far people are willing to go when instructed to do something by an authority figure.

c)

the power that situations can have in changing how people feel, think, and behave.

d)

the boost that social facilitation can provide to individual performance.