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Biomedical Midterm

Total questions: 48

Worksheet time: 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The use of mice in biomedical research most frequently occurs at which level

a)

Basic

b)

Applied

c)

Clinical

2.

Descriptive epidemiology studies identify

a)

Direct cause and effect

b)

Correlations

c)

Selection bias

3.

Which group is often given a placebo or inactive substance when a new medication is tested in biomedical research

a)

Experimental

b)

Control

c)

Homogeneous

4.

Which type of research involves human subjects and is conducted after other forms of research have already taken place

a)

Basic Research

b)

Applied research

c)

Clinical Research

5.

Which term best describes the study of disease incidence and its distribution in a population

a)

Comparisons

b)

Descriptive

c)

Epidemiology

6.

Stan is working with a type of research study with limitations. The study cannot respond to other functions within a living organism or whole body system. What type is this?

a)

Basic

b)

In vitro

c)

Phase 1

7.

What stage of clinical trials involves extensive testing, using around 1000- 3000 subjects, overall purpose of determining a drug's efficacy and adverse reactions?

a)

Phase 1

b)

Phase 2

c)

Phase 3

8.

Which type of research method may be conducted on either animals, humans, computer models, or tissue cultures?

a)

Clinical Research

b)

In vitro Research

c)

Applied Research

9.

Julio is a researcher and has been assigned to collect data on the Zika virus. What level of research is he working on if his findings will be used to develop a vaccine or new treatment?

a)

Basic

b)

Applied

c)

Clinical

10.

Which type of research is directed toward specific objectives and is conducted using animals and other non animal models such as computers and tissue cultures?

a)

Basic research

b)

Applied Research

c)

Descriptive Research

11.

Chemical, mechanical, and computer simulations are effective research methods but cannot..

a)

Replace building blocks

b)

Replace laboratory testing on animals

c)

Reduce the number of scientists needed

12.

Scientists are currently conducting studies in vitro. Where are these studies most likely taking placed?

a)

In a petri dish or test tube

b)

In a living organism

c)

in an animal cage

13.

During biomedical research using animals, a control group was given a placebo. This group will most likely have what type of response?

a)

A positive response

b)

A negative response

c)

No response

14.

During which phase of clinical trials is the safety and effectiveness of a medication tested on the greatest number and variety of participants?

a)

Phase 1

b)

Phase 2

c)

Phase 3

15.

A major disadvantage of epidemiological studies is that?

a)

They identify patterns in diseases

b)

Ethical Issues may limit their usefulness

c)

Considerable human exposure can take place before a toxic effect is detectable

16.

Epidemiology studies may be divided up into three general types..

a)

experimental,descriptive, and observational

b)

experimental, comparison, and case controlled

c)

observational, retrospective and experimental

17.

An experimental medication is being tested on research mice. To obtain the most accurate results, the test should include an experimental group and a/an?

a)

Epidemic group

b)

Phase 1 group

c)

Control group

18.

Which agency is in charge of enforcing laws that regulate the use of animals in a research testing facility?

a)

AWA

b)

USDA

c)

PETA

19.

Animal research is only valid if the animals are?

a)

over six months old

b)

captured from the wild

c)

not stressed out and are healthy

20.

Which animal rights group stages controversial public demonstrations with activists dressed in attention-getting suits?

a)

AHA

b)

NIH

c)

PETA

21.

The agency that requires all prescriptions and over the counter drugs to be tested on animals before being tested on humans is the?

a)

EPA

b)

FDA

c)

OSHA

22.

The law or act that requires the humane and responsible treatment of animals that are used in biomedical research is the?

a)

Animal Rights Act

b)

Animal Testing Law

c)

Animal Welfare Act

23.

Human intolerance and discrimination of animals is known as?

a)

Fanaticism

b)

Socialism

c)

Speciesism

24.

Which animal, most often used in medical research, has a short life span, breeds easily, and is biologically similar to humans?

a)

Cats

b)

Dogs

c)

Mice

25.

The Animal Welfare Act was originally written to protect the use of?

a)

All animals

b)

All animals except birds, rats, and mice

c)

Dogs and Cats

26.

Scientists will have the opportunity to analyze their research over longer periods of time if animals have a longer:

a)

Tolerance to trial medications

b)

Life span

c)

Coat of hair

27.

The FBI has described the tactics of the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) as:

a)

Domestic Terrorism

b)

Supporting animal research

c)

Non animal activism

28.

The Animal Welfare Act states that the use of animals must be reviewed and approved by which organization?

a)

FDA

b)

PETA

c)

IACUC

29.

The main difference between animal rights and animal welfare is that people who support animal rights believe:

a)

That animals do not have any rights

b)

That humans do not have any rights

c)

That humans should not interfere with the lives of animals

30.

The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) applies to all:

a)

Animal rights

b)

Public and private research facilities

c)

Zoos and Parks

31.

What organization conducts unannounced inspections of animal research facilities?

a)

CDC

b)

FDA

c)

USDA

32.

Research experiments that use animals as models should be set up using the three R's, which are?

a)

Restrict, reduce and reconfigure the use of animals

b)

Reconstruct, recycle, and reconfigure the use of animals

c)

Replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals

33.

Which statement best describes the usefulness of animals in biomedical research?

a)

They are similar to humans in their reactions and responses because they have similar biological structures

b)

They provide a less complex system than in vitro studies

c)

They are limited ethical concerns when using animals in research

34.

In order for scientific findings to be valid and useful, research animals must be?

a)

Housed in individual cages

b)

Healthy and protected from undue stress

c)

Allowed to roam freely within the facility

35.

A xenograft is used in a heart transplant. Where did this tissue come from?

a)

The recipient's body

b)

An identical twin

c)

A different species

36.

What medical device made the external cardiac pump obsolete?

a)

Pace maker

b)

Heart-lung machine

c)

Artificial heart

37.

In regenerative medicine, once the bio material matrix is developed, the scaffolds must be able to :

a)

Leave

b)

Be made smaller

c)

Dissolve

38.

The chromosome pairing XX in a human represents?

a)

A female

b)

A male

c)

Identical twins

39.

Implanting a gene from one organism into an embryo will create a ?

a)

New species

b)

Transgenic animal

c)

Mutant

40.

Replace, reduce, and refine are alternative scientific methods researchers use to?

a)

Examine cellular tissues

b)

Maintain all lab equipment

c)

Design experiments that do not use animals

41.

Regenerative medicine relies heavily on the use of?

a)

Organs harvested from animals

b)

Clones

c)

Stem cells

42.

When a scientist charts the position of known genes and other markers relative to each other, this process is called?

a)

Genome tracing

b)

Genetic engineering

c)

Genetic mapping

43.

Somatic stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are also called?

a)

Embryonic stem cells

b)

Adult stem cells

c)

Zygote stem cells

44.

When creating a cloned mammal, what structures contains the genetic information the scientist intends to clone?

a)

Blastocyst

b)

Surrogate mother

c)

Somatic cell

45.

Examining properties that can be described as one-billionth are?

a)

Genoparticles

b)

Megaparticles

c)

Nanoparticles

46.

Adult stem cells are to be harvested and transplanted into a patient. Where would these cells most likely be found?

a)

In an embryo

b)

In muscle tissue

c)

In human bone marrow

47.

Pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are reprogrammed adult cells produce in a lab to take on characteristics of which type of stem cell?

a)

Somatic stem cell

b)

Tissue-specific stem cells

c)

Embryonic stem cells

48.

Chemical properties refer to how the material will?

a)

Be calculated

b)

Interact with other materials

c)

Be pharmed