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Bacteria & Viruses

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This is a microscopic prokaryote that does not have a nucleus...

a)

bacteria

b)

virus

c)

bacteria & viruses

d)

fungi

2.

These prokaryotes, similar to bacteria, live in extreme environments

a)

archaea

b)

virus

c)

moneran

d)

molds and mildew

3.

Archaea that live in salty environments, like the Dead Sea...

a)

acidophiles

b)

methanogens

c)

thermophiles

d)

halophiles

4.

Archaea that live in hot areas like a Yellowstone hot spring...

a)

acidophiles

b)

thermophiles

c)

halophiles

d)

methanogens

5.

One or more small circular pieces of DNA in a bacterial cell

a)

plasmid

b)

capsule

c)

pili

d)

flagella

6.

The capsule does these three things for a bacterial cell... (choose 3)

a)

keeps it from drying out

b)

helps the bacteria move

c)

keeps white blood cells from surrounding the bacteria

d)

keeps antibiotics from entering the bacteria

7.

Hairlike structures on some bacteria that help the bacteria stick to surfaces are called...

a)

flagella

b)

pili

c)

capsule

d)

plasmids

8.

These bacteria have this shape...

a)

bacilli

b)

cocci

c)

spirilla

d)

rod

9.

These bacteria have this shape...

a)

cocci

b)

spirilla

c)

bacilli

d)

crystal

10.

Wow- what pretty bacteria you have! They have this shape...

a)

bacilli

b)

cocci

c)

spirilla

d)

crystal

11.

Bacterium are 1-5 μm wide, or 1-5....

a)

micrometers

b)

nanometers

c)

millimeters

d)

centimeters

12.

Anaerobic bacteria are bacteria that...

a)

survive with oxygen

b)

survive without oxygen

c)

do aerobics

d)

are antibiotic resistant

13.

True or False: Most bacteria are anaerobic.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

Bacteria that need oxygen to survive are...

a)

aerobic

b)

anaerobic

c)

extremophiles

d)

archaea

15.

Whip it... whip it good. This long, whip-like structure on many bacteria is used for motion...

a)

plasmid

b)

cilia

c)

flagella

d)

endospore

16.

This bacteria is dividing and forming two genetically identical cells. This is called...

a)

gene transfer

b)

replication

c)

conjugation

d)

fission

17.

True or False: Bacteria can reproduce every 20 minutes by fission.

a)

True

b)

False

18.

These two bacteria are combining their genetic material, which is called...

a)

replication

b)

conjugation

c)

gene transfer

d)

bioremediation

19.

A thick internal wall bacteria form around the chromosome and part of the cytoplasm when environmental conditions are unfavorable is called...

a)

pili

b)

a plasmid

c)

an antibody

d)

an endospore

20.

Bacteria break down dead organisms- which is a good thing. This is called...

a)

decomposition

b)

nitrogen-fixation

c)

bioremediation

d)

pasteurization

21.

One way that bacteria is beneficial is that they convert nitrogen from the air into compounds usable by living things. This is...

a)

decomposition

b)

bioremediation

c)

Nitrogen fixation

d)

pasteurization

22.

Nitrogen fixing bacteria can be found in ________________ on the roots of plants.

a)

nodules

b)

hairs

c)

water

d)

nitrogen

23.

The use of organisms, such as bacteria, to clean up environmental pollution is referred to as...

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

bioremediation

c)

botulism

d)

pasteurization

24.

Bacteria and viruses are both agents that can cause disease. Therefore, they are both...

a)

prokaryotes

b)

circular

c)

pathogens

d)

hosts

25.

This is the most deadly form of food poisoning...

a)

TB

b)

meningitis

c)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

d)

botulism

26.

True or False: Botulism is often caused by bacterial growth in improperly canned foods.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Medicines that stop the growth and reproduction of bacteria are...

a)

antibiotics

b)

vaccines

c)

antibodies

d)

all of these are correct

28.

True or False: Most bacteria diseases in humans can be treated with antibiotics.

a)

True

b)

False

29.

A process of heating food to a temperature that kills most harmful bacteria is called...

a)

bioremediation

b)

replication

c)

botulism

d)

pasteurization

30.

Of the following food items, which are usually pasteurized? (Choose all that are true)

a)

milk and yogurt

b)

icecream

c)

pop

d)

fruit juice

31.

A virus is a strand of DNA or RNA surrounded by- this...

a)

a protein coat

b)

a capsule

c)

a cell membrane

d)

a cell wall

32.

True or False: Viruses are considered living organisms.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

One reason that viruses are considered nonliving is that they...

a)

can only replicate in a host cell

b)

show only a few features of life

c)

are prokaryotes

d)

do not contain DNA

34.

Viruses make a copy of itself by invading a host cell in a living organism. This is called...

a)

conjugation

b)

natural immunity

c)

replication

d)

reproduction

35.

A virus that is in an inactive stage is called...

a)

latent

b)

active

c)

a slug

d)

a couch potato

36.

A virus that has taken control of the host cell and is replicating is...

a)

latent

b)

active

c)

harmless

d)

beneficial

37.

The virus that causes AIDS is...

a)

Clostridium botulinum

b)

Mycobacterium tubercolsis

c)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

d)

Necrotizing fasciitis

38.

HIV infects...

a)

red blood cells

b)

white blood cells

c)

nerve cells

d)

muscle cells

39.

If you get chicken pox, you wont get it again. This is known as...

a)

acquired immunity

b)

natural immunity

c)

gene transfer

d)

random luck

40.

A protein that can attach to a pathogen and make it useless is...

a)

a virus

b)

a bacteria

c)

a vaccine

d)

an antibody

41.

Immunity that develops when a mother passes antibodies on to her unborn baby is...

a)

acquired immunity

b)

natural immunity

c)

gene transfer

d)

a vaccination

42.

A mixture containing material from one or more deactivated pathogens, such as viruses, is called...

a)

a vaccine

b)

an antibiotic

c)

a concoction

d)

a plasmid

43.

Vaccines trigger the production of...

a)

antibodies

b)

antigens

c)

bacteria

d)

viruses

44.

Using viruses to insert normal genetic information into a specific cell is called...

a)

gene splitting

b)

gene transfer

c)

fission

d)

coding

45.

The main way that Archae are different than bacteria is...

a)

Archae do not contain DNA

b)

Archae do not have a cell wall

c)

Archae live in extreme environments

d)

Archae are not prokaryotes

46.

Bacteria include which of the following...?

a)

ribosomes

b)

DNA

c)

cytoplasm

d)

nucleus

47.

True or False: Bacteria are much smaller than plant and animal cells.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Bacteria can obtain food by... (choose all that are true)

a)

decomposition

b)

getting nutrients from a living host

c)

making their own food

d)

purchasing it at McDonald's

49.

True or False: Some bacteria can move by using their pili as a 'grappling hook'.

a)

True

b)

False

50.

True or False: Fission provides genetic diversity in bacteria.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

If in the end, there are 100 bacteria, and fission occurred 2 times, what was the starting number of bacteria?

a)

25

b)

12

c)

5

d)

1

52.

True or False: Most bacteria are harmful.

a)

True

b)

False

53.

Bacteria help cows...

a)

digest cellulose

b)

produce milk

c)

do basic arithmetic

d)

jump over the moon

54.

Which of the foods below are made with the help of bacteria? (Choose all that are true)

a)

pickles

b)

sourdough bread

c)

buttermilk

d)

vinegar

55.

Bacteria can cause illness by... (choose all that are true)

a)

attacking when your immune system is weakened

b)

entering through a cut

c)

producing toxins

d)

hiding inside your cells

56.

Antibiotics prevent bacteria from forming...

a)

endospores

b)

cell walls

c)

cell membranes

d)

flagella

57.

Of the following bacterial pathogens, which 3 have become antibiotic resistant?

a)

TB

b)

Meningitis

c)

Pneumonia

d)

Mumps

58.

Which of the following viral diseases can be prevented by vaccination?

a)

chicken pox

b)

mumps and measles

c)

rhinovirus

d)

polio

59.

True or False: The common cold is caused by a virus.

a)

True

b)

False

60.

Viruses can be which of the following shapes? (Choose all that are correct)

a)

crystal or sphere

b)

cylinder

c)

bacteriophage

d)

spiral

61.

Viral mutations happen...

a)

seldom

b)

rapidly

c)

slowly

d)

only during fission

62.

Which 3 of the following are viral diseases?

a)

SARS

b)

Necrotizing fasciitis

c)

Yellow Fever

d)

West Nile

63.

Parvo is a virus that affects...

a)

humans

b)

cats

c)

dogs

d)

horses

64.

True or False: Plants are not affected by viruses.

a)

True

b)

False

65.

True or False: Antibiotics do not work against viruses.

a)

True

b)

False

66.

Two ways to prevent viral diseases are to:

a)

stay at home locked in your house

b)

limit contact with infected humans or animals

c)

drink lots of water

d)

practice good hygiene

67.

We may learn a lot from viruses. Presently scientists are studying viruses to... (choose 2)

a)

find out if they can reproduce without a host

b)

identify new ways to treat and prevent viral diseases in humans, animals, and plants

c)

determine their internal structure

d)

determine if their is a link between viruses and cancer

68.

True or False: In the near future, gene transfer may be used to treat genetic disorders and certain cancers.

a)

True

b)

False

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