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Final Exam Study Guide

Total questions: 54

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The greenhouse effect is

a)

a natural phenomenon that maintains Earth’s temperature.This is a correct answer

b)

result of differences in the angle of the sun’s rays.This is a wrong answer

c)

the result of an excess of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.This is a wrong answer

d)

unnatural process making heat radiate into the atmosphere.This is a wrong answer unnatural process making heat radiate into the atmosphere.This is a wrong answer

2.

Isotope X decays from 36 g to 6 g in a period of 3 days. What is the half life?

a)

10 hours

b)

12 hours

c)

24 hours

d)

48 hours

3.

Of the organisms represented in the image, the organisms with the least biomass are the:

a)

producers

b)

primary consusmer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

4.

Which of the following is an example of mutualism?

a)

The barnacle lives on the whale, the whale is unaffected.

b)

The bee pollinates the flower, while receiving nutrients.

c)

The mosquito bites the unsuspecting child playing outside.

d)

The leopard preys upon the zebra.

5.

In this image, the frog is a:

a)

primary producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

6.

If a rock layer matches a similar layer in a geologic column, scientists may assume that:

a)

The layers are from the same area.

b)

The layers were found at the same time.

c)

The layers contain the same type of rock.

d)

The layers formed at the same time.

7.

Which would be least affected by a density-dependent limiting factor, such as a disease?

a)

Large, dense population.

b)

Population with a high death rate

c)

small, scattered population

d)

Population with high emigration rates

8.

The fusion of elements such as hydrogen and helium results in:

a)

released energy

b)

particles colliding

c)

particles neutralizing

d)

death of nuclei

9.

Frequent earthquakes in an area may indicate

a)

mantle convection.

b)

reversed polarity.

c)

sea-floor spreading

d)

tectonic plate boundaries.

10.

The forces that balance to maintain a star throughout its phases include:

a)

Age and rotational speed

b)

Fusion and gravity

c)

Luminosity and distance from Earth

d)

Magnetism and surface temperature

11.

In the model of an enzyme shown, what is happening in step 2?

a)

The catalyzed reaction is releasing a product.

b)

The enzyme causes new bonds to form between the substrates.

c)

The substrates are beginning to bind to the enzyme.

d)

The active sites are restructuring the enzyme.

12.

According to the law of superposition, which structure is oldest?

a)

E

b)

D

c)

C

d)

B

13.

An igneous intrusion is observed in a layer of sedimentary rock, what geologic law applies?

a)

Law of thermodynamics

b)

Law of crosscutting relationships

c)

Law of Uniformitarianism

d)

Law of superposition

14.

Which of the following options is the result of climates?

a)

solar energy within the atmosphere.

b)

the shape and elevation of landmasses.

c)

a wide range of conditions that shapes communities

d)

Earth’s unique ocean and atmosphere.

15.

Why are water molecules polar?

a)

The transfer of electrons

b)

Through ionic bonding

c)

The equal sharing of electrons

d)

The unequal sharing of electrons

16.

Mammals are examples of organisms that cannot make their own food, also called a(n):

a)

chemotroph

b)

autotrophs

c)

heterophs

d)

producers

17.

Which is an abiotic factor that affects the size of a population in an ecosystem?

a)

Vegetation (plants)

b)

Predators

c)

Water supply

d)

Detritivores in soil

18.

Over a long period of time, what change would be expected in the sun’s spectrum:

a)

The amount of heavy elements would decrease.

b)

The amount of hydrogen would increase

c)

The amount of hydrogen would decrease

d)

The amount of helium would decrease

19.

Volcanic island arcs are associated with:

a)

Divergent plate boundaries

b)

Transform plate boundaries

c)

Ocean-continent convergent plate boundaries

d)

Ocean-ocean convergent plate boundaries

20.

What theory explained the matching fossils and rock structures discovered by Wegener?

a)

Ecological Succession

b)

Global Warming

c)

Ecological Decline

d)

Continental Drift

21.

The Himalaya Mountains were formed in a collision at a:

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

d)

Seafloor Spreading

22.

Heat can be transferred within the atmosphere in three ways- radiation, conduction, and

a)

scattering

b)

weathering

c)

convection

d)

temperature inversion

23.

How many protons in an atom of Bismuth?

a)

56

b)

83

c)

5

d)

35

24.

What type of plate boundary is shown?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

strike and slip

25.

How is radioactive decay used to determine the absolute age of rocks?

a)

Parent isotopes are compared to daughter isotopes.

b)

Radioactive substances are compared to non-radioactive ones.

c)

Daughter isotopes are compared to sister isotopes.

d)

Isotopes of different compounds are compared.

26.

A student wants to determine the effect of Epsom salts on fern growth. What would be the dependent variable of this experiment?

a)

Salt

b)

Water

c)

Growth

d)

Sunlight

27.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
28.
The element _______is found in all of the organic compounds.
a)
Iron
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Oxygen
29.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
30.
Monosaccharides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
31.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
32.
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Lipid
d)
Nucleic Acid
33.
Nick wanted to see how high an ice cube would float in different temperatures of water. Identify the DEPENDENT variable
-Amount of water
-Height of Ice cube
-Temperature the ice cube was at its highest height
-Temperature of the water
-Size of the ice cube
a)
Amount of water 
b)
Height of Ice cube
c)
Temperature the ice cube was at its highest height 
d)
Size of the ice cube
34.
What is a control group in an experiment?
a)
a group in an experiment that remains unchanged for purpose of comparison (missing the IV)
b)
a group in an experiment that changes to compare the IV and DV variables
c)
the manipulated group
d)
the group that is altered
35.
What is a dependent variable?
a)
the variable that causes the change
b)
the variable that remains the same
c)
the variable that we expect to be changed
d)
the manipulated variable
36.
Kira wants to test which type of soda creates the biggest foam explosion when adding a Mentos candy.  She chose Sprite, Coke, and Mountain Dew.  One at a time, she added a single Mentos candy and measured the height of the foam eruption.  Mountain Dew created a foam eruption of 7 inches.  Coke and Sprite tied at 5 inches.  What is her dependent variable?
a)
Brand of soda
b)
Number of mentos candies used
c)
Height of foam eruption
d)
Temperature of soda
37.
Sabrina wants to test which brand of popcorn pops the most kernels.  She picked a Giant Eagle brand, Orville Redenbacher, and PopSecret.  All three bags started with the same number of kernels.  She popped each for 3 minutes in the same microwave, and then counted the number of kernels left over.  What is her independent variable?
a)
Number of kernels left over
b)
Brand of popcorn
c)
Number of kernels before popping
d)
Length of time cooking
38.
Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?
a)
Energy from the Sun
b)
Magnetic Pole Reversal
c)
Convection currents in the mantle
d)
Faults in Mountain Ranges
39.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
40.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
41.
Oceanic Trenches are formed by _______ plate boundaries
a)
Divergent
b)
Transform
c)
Plate
d)
Convergent
42.
How is it possible for new crust to be formed without increasing the surface area of the Earth?
a)
Crust is destroyed at the same time it is created by processes such as subduction
b)
New crust is underwater where it sinks
c)
New crust breaks more easily than old crust
43.
Galaxies that are moving away from us look more _____ than expected.
a)
white
b)
blue
c)
yellow
d)
red
44.
What does the Big Bang theory suggest?
a)
The universe was just there
b)
The Milky Way is the only solar system
c)
The universe is continually expanding
d)
The universe started as a point and is moving towards each other
45.
A star is born when ________________ begins to happen.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
nuclear abrasion
c)
crying
d)
nuclear fission
46.
Larger, cooler stars are called ___________.
a)
Blue Giants
b)
White Dwarfs
c)
Red Giants
d)
Yellow Giants
47.
Hotter stars appear to be what color? 
a)
Red
b)
Blue
c)
Yellow
d)
Green
48.
This is an image of the formation of a star, also known as a .... 
a)
Main Sequence
b)
Planetary Nebula
c)
Supernova
d)
Stellar Nebula
49.
Climate change causes extreme weather conditions such as:
a)
excessive heat
b)
drought
c)
extreme storms
d)
all of these
50.
Which human activity contributes the most carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
a)
fishing
b)
breathing
c)
burning fossil fuels
d)
farming
51.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is decreasing. 
a)
True
b)
False
52.
In which layer of the atmosphere is all this global warming taking place?
a)
Troposphere
b)
Stratosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Thermosphere
53.

Which type of electromagnetic wave has the shortest wavelength?

a)

Radio waves

b)

Infrared

c)

Gamma rays

d)

Microwaves

54.

Which of the following correctly lists electromagnetic waves in order of increasing frequency?

a)

Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma rays, Radio waves, Microwaves

b)

Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma rays

c)

Microwaves, Radio waves, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma rays

d)

Gamma rays, X-rays, Ultraviolet, Visible, Infrared, Microwaves, Radio waves