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Environmental Science Final Exam

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following organisms are producers? 
a)
consumers and phytoplankton
b)
plants and consumers
c)
plants and phytoplankton
d)
phytoplankton and chlorophyll
2.
What is the Nitrogen Cycle?
a)
The process where nitrogen passes from air to soil to organisms and back to air or soil
b)
The process where nitrogen is distributed to us
c)
The process where Nitrogen is made to help plants and animals
3.
What is the Water Cycle?
a)
The water cycle is where clouds make precipitation
b)
The process of moving water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere
c)
All the water on Earth turning into precipitation
4.

The __________ Revolution was characterized by a shift from human and animal power to fossil fuels (coal and oil)

a)

Agricultural

b)

Industrial

c)

Tragedy of the Commons

5.
What is an ecosystem?
a)
Food chains connected to each other.
b)
A community of  organisms and their physical environment
c)
A system where there are things that move.
6.
Which is a decomposer?
a)
Mushrooms
b)
Insects
c)
Trees
d)
Vultures
7.
What is the largest biome?
a)
Arctic Tundra
b)
Desert
c)
Aquatic
d)
Rainforest
8.
The _____ was not a direct result of the Industrial Revolution.
a)
overhunting of large mammals
b)
shift in the use of fossil fuels
c)
improved quality of life
d)
growth of cities
9.
Which of this is considered to be part of the environment?
a)
Deer
b)
Grass
c)
Water
d)
All of these
10.
What event lead to our current pattern of urbanization?
a)
Bubonic Pluage
b)
Industrial Revolution
c)
Green Revolution
d)
Agricultural Revolution
11.
When a resource like timber is used as fast as or slower than it regrows it is being used ____.
a)
nonrenewably
b)
unsustainably
c)
sustainably
d)
synthetically
12.
The aquatic biome is divided into freshwater and saltwater.
a)
True
b)
False
13.
What are lichens?
a)
One of the first pioneers to colonize in Secondary Succession
b)
The first organisms to colonize any newly available area(s) in Primary and Secondary Succession
c)
One of the first pioneers to colonize in Primary Succession
d)
Tiny animals that grow on rocks
14.
how are humans altering the carbon cycle? 
a)
i don't know
b)
burning a lot of fossil fuels which increase carbon dioxide  
c)
by farting
15.
how do decomposers get their energy?
a)
it makes its own food 
b)
breaks down other organisms 
c)
eating other organisms 
16.
how do consumers get their energy?
a)
eating other organisms
b)
breaking down dead organisms
c)
makes its own food
17.
Human activities alter the water cycle by... 
a)
Withdrawing large amounts of freshwater
b)
Clearing vegetation and eroding soils
c)
Polluting surface and underground water
d)
All of the choices 
18.
The relationship between a zebra and a tick
a)
Mutualism
b)
Parasitism
c)
Commensalism
19.
The relationship between a zebra and a tick bird
a)
Commensalism
b)
Parasitism
c)
mutualism
20.
The relationship between a bird building it's nest and the tree
a)
Parasitism
b)
Commensalism
c)
Mutualism
21.
Food Web
a)
System of several overlapping food chains
b)
energy moving from one level to the next
c)
living/nonliving factors in an ecisystem
22.
Omnivore
a)
plant eaters
b)
plant & meat eaters
c)
meat eaters
23.
Carnivores
a)
Plant eater
b)
Meat eater
c)
Plane and meat eater
24.
Ecosystem
a)
To feed on both plants and animals
b)
System of several overlapping food chains
c)
All the living/nonliving factors in an area
25.

Choose the secondary consumer in the following food chain

a)

grass

b)

mouse

c)

snake

d)

hawk

26.

Enabled citizens to sue parties violating air quality standards, provided funds for pollution control research, and imposed limits on emissions

a)

Clean Air Act of 1970

b)

Clean Air Act of 1990

c)

The Kyoto Protocol

d)

The Paris Climate Agreement

27.

Identify a negative economic effects of acid deposition

a)

Erodes stone buildings and gravestones

b)

Soil chemistry is altered and can kill microorganism life

c)

Nutrients such as calcium and magnsium are leached from the soil

d)

runoff can enter waterways and kill wildlife

28.

The Montreal Protocol of 1987 banned _______ to help solve _____

a)

Nitrogenous runoff; oceanic dead zones

b)

Carbon emissions; climate change

c)

CFC emissions, the ozone hole

d)

Aerosol emissions; global cooling

29.

Systems that remove some of the gases and/or particulates from factory exhaust

a)

Generators

b)

Skimmers

c)

Turbines

d)

Scrubbers

30.

If a population grows larger than its environmental carrying capacity, then

a)

death rate may rise.

b)

death rate may fall significantly.

c)

birth rate may rise significantly.

d)

immigration rate may increase.

31.

What does the term carrying capacity describe?

a)

The maximum number of birth rates for a population.

b)

The ability of a population to accept new immigrants.

c)

The ratio of birth rates to death rates in a population.

d)

The population size that the environment can sustain.

32.
The most populous country in the world
a)
China
b)
India
c)
US
d)
Brazil
33.
another word for farming
a)
agriculture
b)
technology
c)
specialization
d)
shrine
34.
What is the carrying capacity of the following graph?
a)
1000
b)
8000
c)
800
d)
600
35.

A factor that decreases the population or keeps it from increasing

a)

Limiting Factor

b)

Food Surplus

c)

High Birth Rate

d)

Carrying Capacity

36.

Without the greenhouse effect, Earth's atmosphere would be __________ to support life.

a)

too hot

b)

too wet

c)

too dry

d)

too cold

37.

The distance North or South of the equator, as measured in degrees is called

a)

altitude

b)

latitude

c)

longitude

d)

magnitude

38.
The gases that make up Earth’s atmosphere are commonly referred to as air. What are the two most abundant gases in the atmosphere?
a)
nitrogen and carbon dioxide
b)
nitrogen and oxygen
c)
water vapor and argon
d)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
39.
Reduced vegetation on Earth results in:
a)
more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
b)
increased habitats
c)
less room for humans
d)
more oxygen in the atmosphere  
40.

The process by which gases in the atmosphere absorb and radiate energy as heat back to Earth.

a)

lake-effect snow

b)

sublimation

c)

condensation

d)

greenhouse effect

41.

What is the difference between climate and weather?

a)

Climate is affected by global warning, weather is not.

b)

Climate is an average of temperatures over a long period of time, weather takes place in one day.

c)

Weather is an average of temperatures over a long period of time, climate takes place in one day.

d)

Weather is affected by global warning, climate is not.

42.

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Oxygen

c)

Methane

d)

Water Vapor

43.
Based on the graph, which country releases the most Greenhouse Gases?
a)
Russia
b)
Brazil
c)
China
d)
U.S.
44.

The main use of fossil fuels by humans is to use the thermal energy they contain to produce_________________________

a)

biodiesel

b)

ethanol

c)

electricity

d)

nuclear power

45.
Using public transportation, reducing the amount of electricity we use and using insulation are all ways to increase ______________________
a)
electricity usage
b)
energy usage
c)
energy efficiency
d)
nuclear power
46.
Water vapor is a greenhouse gas
a)
True
b)
False
47.

What is it called when CO2 is absorbed by the ocean and reacts with seawater to produce acid.

a)

water pollution

b)

ocean acidification

c)

seaweed salad vinegar

d)

hydrochloric acid

48.

Fossil fuels

a)

Coal, oil, or gas formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.

b)

Use of fossils to make power

c)
d)

The remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form.

49.

Long-term change in the Earth's climate, due to an increase in the average atmospheric temperature

a)

Global Climate Change

b)

Human impact on climate

c)

Weather

d)
50.
Earth scientists have identified four distinct layers of the atmosphere. What is the correct order of these layers, from lowest to highest?
a)
stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
b)
thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere
c)
 troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, stratosphere
d)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
51.
As altitude increases, what happens to the pressure of the air?
a)
The air pressure decreases
b)
The air pressure increases at first, and then it decreases.  
c)
The air pressure stays the same
d)
The air pressure increases
52.
Which of the following is MOST responsible for acid precipitation?
a)
decrease in ozone levels
b)
burning of fossil fuels
c)
changes in the atmosphere
d)
changes in climate
53.
When pollution enters a body of water from a specific source what is this called?
a)
Non-Point Source Pollution
b)
Point Source Pollution
c)
Both A and B
d)
None of the above
54.
Why is wind considered a renewable?   
a)
Wind will never run out.
b)
No new wind is being produced on Earth
c)
Wind is used to produce energy, not materials
d)
Coal is being used faster than it is being produced.
55.
When power plants discharge warm water into a lake, which type of pollution takes place?
a)
thermal pollution
b)
chemical pollution
c)
biological pollution
d)
air pollution
56.
Smog is most often seen over large cities. Which of these substances is a main ingredient of smog?
a)
volcanic ash
b)
acidic precipitation
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
vehicle exhaust
57.
What makes a natural resource non-renewable?
a)
It is inexhaustible.
b)
It can be replaced at the rate that it is used.
c)
It cannot be replaced at the same rate at which it is used up.
d)
It is produced by living beings.
58.
A mixture of mostly invisible gases that surrounds Earth. Protects us from the suns radiation.
a)
biosphere
b)
atmosphere
c)
geosphere
d)
hydorsphere
59.
Located in  the stratosphere and contains a high concentration of ozone. It absorbs most of the solar radiation.
a)
Particulates
b)
ozone layer
c)
smog
d)
mist
60.
The process by which gases in the atmosphere absorb and radiate energy as heat back to Earth.
a)
lake-effect snow
b)
sublimation
c)
condensation
d)
greenhouse effect
61.

_______ are those that can cause harm to humans or the environment.

a)

Hazardous material

b)

Toxic Waste

c)

Hazardous waste

d)

Environmental toxins

62.

Describes materials that , when improperly managed , may release toxins in sufficient quanities to pose a substantial hazard to human health or the environment.

a)

ignitability

b)

corrrosiveness

c)

Posion

d)

Toxicity

63.

All of the following are routes of entry of a hazardous material into the body except.

a)

Hair

b)

absorb through the skin

c)

ingestion

d)

breathing

64.
An underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water
a)
watershed
b)
groundwater
c)
permeability
d)
aquifer
65.
It refers to the removal of salt from ocean water
a)
dam
b)
reservoir
c)
salination
d)
desalination
66.
2/3 of freshwater on Earth is "locked away" in what water source location?
a)
atmosphere
b)
rivers and lakes
c)
underground
d)
ice and glaciers
67.
____________ is the water that collects in spaces and soil UNDERGROUND.
a)
Soil water
b)
Groundwater
c)
under pools
d)
ice caps
68.
A specific source of pollution is known as
a)
Water pollution
b)
Point source 
c)
Non-point source 
69.
What % of freshwater is on Earth?
a)
97%
b)
71%
c)
3 % 
d)
1 %
70.
Which sector uses the most water?
a)
agriculture
b)
industry
c)
household
71.
A region of land that drains into a river.
a)
water reclamation
b)
watershed
c)
aquifer
d)
irrigation
72.
Mandates the restoration and maintenance of the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters
a)
Safe Drinking Water Act
b)
Clean Water Act
c)
Clean Air Act
d)
Resource Conservation Recovery Act
73.
Why do water sources need to be conserved?
a)
We have a limited amount of fresh water.
b)
Pollution reduces the amount of usable water.
c)
Because we need to save it for the whales
d)
Both a and b.
74.

What is the number one killer of the American honey bee?

a)

pesticides

b)

predatory birds

c)

mites

d)

Killer bees

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