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Worksheets7th Grade Earth Science Vocabulary
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 38mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
number of years Earth has existed
a)
4.6 billion
b)
weathering
c)
sand
d)
composition
2.
standard method used to divide the earth's natural history into manageable parts
a)
Geologic Time Scale
b)
4.6 billion
c)
weathering
d)
sand
3.
the death of every member of a species
a)
extinction
b)
Geologic Time Scale
c)
4.6 billion
d)
weathering
4.
flow of magma in the mantle, caused by movements of hotter and cooler magma
a)
convection, or convection currents
b)
extinction
c)
Geologic Time Scale
d)
4.6 billion
5.
the process in which one tectonic plate is forced downward into the mantle; this happens at some convergent boundaries
a)
subduction
b)
convection, or convection currents
c)
extinction
d)
Geologic Time Scale
6.
a boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving toward each other; earthquakes, volcanoes, mountain formation, and tsunamis may occur at this type of boundary.
a)
convergent boundary
b)
subduction
c)
convection, or convection currents
d)
extinction
7.
a boundary between two tectonic plates that are sliding past each other (also called a strike-slip fault); earthquakes may occur at this type of boundary.
a)
transform boundary
b)
convergent boundary
c)
subduction
d)
convection, or convection currents
8.
a boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other; volcanoes and earthquakes may occur at this type of boundary.
a)
divergent boundary
b)
transform boundary
c)
convergent boundary
d)
subduction
9.
the scientific theory that the earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere; tectonic plates include both the land we can see above the ocean (continents) and the oceanic crust that lies below the ocean
a)
plate tectonics
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
convergent boundary
10.
the single large land mass that formed about 350 million years ago, and broke apart about 200 million years ago
a)
Pangea (or Pangaia)
b)
plate tectonics
c)
divergent boundary
d)
transform boundary
11.
the idea that states that the continents were once all attached together, and have moved apart over time; continental drift theory assumes that only the land (continents) we can see above the ocean move
a)
continental drift
b)
Pangea (or Pangaia)
c)
plate tectonics
d)
divergent boundary
12.
the land masses that are visible above the water on Earth's surface
a)
continent
b)
continental drift
c)
Pangea (or Pangaia)
d)
plate tectonics
13.
the rigid outer portion of the Earth that is broken into plates. It is made up of the crust (both continental and oceanic) and the solid outer part of the mantle.
a)
lithosphere
b)
continent
c)
continental drift
d)
Pangea (or Pangaia)
14.
block of lithosphere that moves independently of the blocks of lithosphere around it
a)
tectonic plate
b)
lithosphere
c)
continent
d)
continental drift
15.
the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and becomes solid
a)
sea-floor spreading
b)
tectonic plate
c)
lithosphere
d)
continent
16.
fixed area of the mantle where magma rises through the lithosphere above it
a)
hot spot
b)
sea-floor spreading
c)
tectonic plate
d)
lithosphere
17.
the idea that some changes in Earth's surface take place over thousands, millions, and even billions of years.
a)
geologic (or geological) time
b)
hot spot
c)
sea-floor spreading
d)
tectonic plate
18.
the first person to come up with the idea of continental drift; ridiculed by other scientists who came to believe him after he died
a)
Alfred Wegener
b)
geologic (or geological) time
c)
hot spot
d)
sea-floor spreading
19.
a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur at and near plate boundaries
a)
Ring of Fire
b)
Alfred Wegener
c)
geologic (or geological) time
d)
hot spot
20.
The outermost layer of Earth, 5-100 km thick. The thinnest layer of Earth's structure. Less than 1% of Earth's mass.
a)
crust
b)
Ring of Fire
c)
Alfred Wegener
d)
geologic (or geological) time
21.
Layer that contains most of the Earth's mass (67%) located between the crust and the core. Goes to a depth of about 2,900 km.
a)
mantle
b)
crust
c)
Ring of Fire
d)
Alfred Wegener
22.
Center layer of Earth that is about 33% of the Earth's mass.
a)
core
b)
mantle
c)
crust
d)
Ring of Fire
23.
Layer made of the crust and the upper, rigid part of the mantle. 15-300 km deep.
a)
lithosphere
b)
core
c)
mantle
d)
crust
24.
Flexible layer of Earth where pieces of the lithosphere move. Made of solid rock that moves very slowly. Roughly 250 km thick.
a)
asthenosphere
b)
lithosphere
c)
core
d)
mantle
25.
Strong, lower part of the mantle that goes to the edge of the Earth's core. 2,550 km thick.
a)
mesosphere
b)
asthenosphere
c)
lithosphere
d)
core
26.
Sections of the lithosphere that move on the asthenosphere. The continents move on these.
a)
tectonic plates
b)
mesosphere
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
27.
Less dense type of crust found above water. Thickest type of crust.
a)
continental crust
b)
tectonic plates
c)
mesosphere
d)
asthenosphere
28.
Denser type of crust found under large bodies of water that cover most of Earth. Thinnest type of crust.
a)
oceanic crust
b)
continental crust
c)
tectonic plates
d)
mesosphere
29.
Liquid layer of the center of the Earth made mostly of iron, roughly 2,200 km thick.
a)
outer core
b)
oceanic crust
c)
continental crust
d)
tectonic plates
30.
Solid, dense center of the Earth made mostly of iron.
a)
inner core
b)
outer core
c)
oceanic crust
d)
continental crust
31.
Vibrations that move through the Earth when tectonic plates move.
a)
seismic waves
b)
inner core
c)
outer core
d)
oceanic crust
32.
A machine that measures the strength and timing of seismic waves.
a)
seismograph
b)
seismic waves
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
33.
Magma that is on top of the surface of the Earth.
a)
lava
b)
seismograph
c)
seismic waves
d)
inner core
34.
Volcano that is not currently active but might become active in the future.
a)
dormant
b)
lava
c)
seismograph
d)
seismic waves
35.
Volcano that is not currently active and will not become active in the future.
a)
extinct
b)
dormant
c)
lava
d)
seismograph
36.
The number used to indicate how big a model is compared to the real object.
a)
scale
b)
extinct
c)
dormant
d)
lava
37.
Molten (liquid) rock underground; at very high temperatures.
a)
magma
b)
scale
c)
extinct
d)
dormant
38.
prefix that means rock or stone
a)
litho-
b)
magma
c)
scale
d)
extinct
39.
prefix that means soft or weak
a)
astheno-
b)
litho-
c)
magma
d)
scale
40.
prefix that means middle or medium
a)
meso-
b)
astheno-
c)
litho-
d)
magma
41.
lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core
a)
Earth layers organized by physical structure
b)
meso-
c)
astheno-
d)
litho-
42.
crust, mantle, core
a)
Earth layers organized by chemical composition
b)
Earth layers organized by physical structure
c)
meso-
d)
astheno-
43.
The wearing down of rocks into sediment by natural forces, typically wind and water.
a)
Weathering
b)
Earth layers organized by chemical composition
c)
Earth layers organized by physical structure
d)
meso-
44.
Hot liquid rock that can cool into a specific type of rock.
a)
Magma
b)
Weathering
c)
Earth layers organized by chemical composition
d)
Earth layers organized by physical structure
45.
The earth process that describes how rocks are formed, destroyed, and changed. All rocks are divided into one of three types: igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary. Through the rock cycle, any kind of rock can become any kind of rock, including another type of the same kind (such as a metamorphic rock becoming another type of metamorphic rock).
a)
Rock Cycle
b)
Magma
c)
Weathering
d)
Earth layers organized by chemical composition
46.
The movement of sediments from one place to another. Something that has been eroded has had pieces removed.
a)
Erosion
b)
Rock Cycle
c)
Magma
d)
Weathering
47.
The laying down of weathered material that has been transported by erosion. The placement of sediments that have been moved (eroded), typically by wind and water.
a)
Deposition
b)
Erosion
c)
Rock Cycle
d)
Magma
48.
A type of rock that can be identified by its very smooth, glass-like texture, or by its very large crystals that look as if they fit together like puzzle pieces.
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Deposition
c)
Erosion
d)
Rock Cycle
49.
A natural material from the earth that can be made by cooling magma, compaction of sediments, or intense amounts of heat and pressure. Rocks are made of minerals that are formed together during rock cycle processes.
a)
Rock
b)
Igneous Rock
c)
Deposition
d)
Erosion
50.
Tiny fragments of rock.
a)
Sediment
b)
Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
d)
Deposition
51.
A type of rock that can be identified by the fossils it may contain, the presence of visible sediment, or its often crumbly texture.
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Sediment
c)
Rock
d)
Igneous Rock
52.
A type of rock that can be identified by the presence of folded or uneven bands or the very small crystal size.
a)
Metamorphic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Sediment
d)
Rock
53.
A sedimentary rock found in large quantities around Bloomington. Limestone typically has many fossils because it often forms on the bottom of lake beds. Bloomington was once covered in water and there were many plants and animals that lived in and near that water, which are now fossils for us to find in limestone and other sedimentary rocks.
a)
Limestone
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Sedimentary Rock
d)
Sediment
54.
The imprint of dead plants or the mineralized remains of dead animals. Fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks because the processes that create metamorphic and igneous rocks destroys the fossils.
a)
Fossil
b)
Limestone
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Sedimentary Rock
55.
A metamorphic rock that is made from limestone that has been subjected to extreme heat and pressure underground.
a)
Marble
b)
Fossil
c)
Limestone
d)
Metamorphic Rock
56.
An igneous rock that is sometimes called, "volcanic glass" because it is black and shiny, like glass.
a)
Obsidian
b)
Marble
c)
Fossil
d)
Limestone
57.
An igneous rock with large interlocking crystals.
a)
Granite
b)
Obsidian
c)
Marble
d)
Fossil
58.
non-living materials found naturally on Earth with a particular internal structure
a)
minerals
b)
Granite
c)
Obsidian
d)
Marble
59.
atoms arranged in a repeating pattern
a)
crystalline structure
b)
minerals
c)
Granite
d)
Obsidian
60.
are made of minerals
a)
rocks
b)
crystalline structure
c)
minerals
d)
Granite
61.
characteristics of a mineral that makes it unique and identifiable
a)
properties
b)
rocks
c)
crystalline structure
d)
minerals
62.
a scale that compares the hardness of minerals to the hardness of other minerals; 1, the softest, is talc and 10, the hardest, is diamond
a)
Mohs Hardness Scale
b)
properties
c)
rocks
d)
crystalline structure
63.
people who study rocks, minerals, and other non-living parts of Earth
a)
geologists
b)
Mohs Hardness Scale
c)
properties
d)
rocks
64.
minerals made in a laboratory (not fake, just not minerals)
a)
synthetic
b)
geologists
c)
Mohs Hardness Scale
d)
properties
65.
cannot be seen through
a)
opaque
b)
synthetic
c)
geologists
d)
Mohs Hardness Scale
66.
light and shapes can be seen through something but they are not clear
a)
translucent
b)
opaque
c)
synthetic
d)
geologists
67.
can be seen through clearly
a)
transparent
b)
translucent
c)
opaque
d)
synthetic
68.
reflects a lot of light and is very shiny
a)
brilliant
b)
transparent
c)
translucent
d)
opaque
69.
reflects some light and is somewhat shiny
a)
glassy
b)
brilliant
c)
transparent
d)
translucent
70.
does not reflect light and is not shiny
a)
dull
b)
glassy
c)
brilliant
d)
transparent
71.
how easy or difficult it is to scratch a mineral
a)
hardness
b)
dull
c)
glassy
d)
brilliant
72.
the ability to reflect light; how shiny something is
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
dull
d)
glassy
73.
the degree to which something can be seen through; its clearness
a)
transparency
b)
luster
c)
hardness
d)
dull
74.
What something is made of
a)
composition
b)
transparency
c)
luster
d)
hardness
75.
The wearing down of rock by natural forces
a)
weathering
b)
sand
c)
composition
d)
transparency
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