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Psychology Review for exam 2020

Total questions: 121

Worksheet time: 1hrs 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which lobe is responsible for our eye sight? (make sure to know what the others do!)
a)
parietal
b)
frontal
c)
occipital
d)
temperal
2.
what psychological approach deals with the brain and physical body?
a)
humanistic
b)
cognitive
c)
psychodynamic
d)
biological
3.
what psychological approach deals with learning?
a)
behavioral
b)
cognitive
c)
biological
d)
humanistic
4.
what psychological approach deals with the way our brain processes information (perception)?
a)
biological
b)
cognitive
c)
behavioral
d)
humanistic
5.
1. By seeking to measure “atoms of the mind,” who established the first psychology laboratory? 
a)
Sigmund Freud 
b)
John B. Watson 
c)
Wilhelm Wundt 
6.
 Who coined the term “tabula rasa” (blank slate) to help explain the impact experience has on shaping an individual?  
a)
Francis Bacon
b)
René Descartes
c)
John B. Watson 
d)
John Locke
7.
With which of the following statements would John B. Watson most likely agree?  
a)
Psychology should study the growth potential in all people. 
b)
Psychology should study the unconscious.
c)
Psychology should focus on observable behavior. 
d)
 Psychology should study mental thought processes.
8.
Which of the following perspectives is most likely to address how the encoding, storing, and retrieval of information might alter our thoughts?  
a)
Behavioral
b)
Psychodynamic
c)
Humanistic 
d)
Cognitive
9.
Psychiatrists differ from psychologists in that they     experiment with how people 
a)
help people cope with challenges and crises. 
b)
conduct research.
c)
 explore how we view and affect one another.
d)
are medical doctors licensed to prescribe medication
10.
 A humanistic psychologist working with some poets might ask which of the following questions?  
a)
How can we get them to reach their highest potential?
b)
How did their childhood experiences impact their current behavior?
c)
 c. How have rewards and punishments shaped their behavior? 
d)
How do society’s attitudes affect their writing topics? 
11.
Betsy works in a human resources department. She plans training sessions, recruits people to work for the company, and implements techniques to boost morale around the office. Of the following, Betsy is most likely a(n) 
a)
a. developmental psychologist.
b)
 personality psychologist. 
c)
 counseling psychologist. 
d)
industrial-organizational psychologist
12.
A psychologist who studied the basic elements of conscious mental experiences
a)
behaviorist
b)
functionalist
c)
structuralist
d)
psychoanalyst
13.
A psychologist that uses ethnicity, gender, culture and socioeconomic status influence our behavior. 
a)
behaviorist
b)
humanist
c)
socio-cultural psychology
d)
psychoanalyst
14.
approach in psychology in which the psychologist studies how unconscious motives & conflicts determines human behavior
a)
behaviorist
b)
functionalist
c)
structuralist
d)
psychoanalyst
15.
The first modern psychologist who was interested in the uncounsious minds was
a)
Wilhelm Wundt
b)
Francis Galton
c)
Sigmund Freud
d)
Ivan Pavlov
16.
John B. Watson claimed that all behavior is the result of
a)
psychoanalysis
b)
genetic makeup
c)
reinforcement
d)
conditioning
17.
Cognitivists, such as Jean Piaget, concern themselves with the way in which information is
a)
processed, stored, & used.
b)
encoded, decoded, & used.
c)
developed & processed.
d)
created & stored.
18.
The practice of examining bumps on a person's skull to determine that person's intellect ad character traits used in the mid-1800s.
a)
lobotomy
b)
trephination
c)
phrenology
d)
skull mapping
19.
method of self-observation in which participants report their thoughts and feelings
a)
cognivist
b)
functionalist
c)
structuralist
d)
introspection 
20.
This person introduced the concept of using reinforcement to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated. 
a)
Carl Rogers
b)
John Watson
c)
Ivan Pavlov 
d)
B.F. Skinner 
21.
Which type of psychologist most directly investigates the links between biological activity and our thinking and behaviors?
a)
psychotherapist
b)
biological psychologist
c)
cognitive psychologist
d)
psychometrician
22.
In transmitting sensory information to the brain, an electrical signal travels from the ________ of a single neuron.
a)
dendrites to the cell body to the axon
b)
axon to the dendrites to the cell body
c)
axon to the cell body to the dendrites
d)
dendrites to the axon to the cell body
23.
The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are called
a)
neurotransmitters.
b)
interneurons. 
c)
hormones.
d)
antagonists
24.
The master gland of the endocrine system is the
a)
adrenal gland.
b)
pituitary gland.
c)
pancreas.
d)
hypothalamus.
25.
Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories?
a)
medulla
b)
hippocampus
c)
thalamus
d)
hypothalamus
26.
The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the
a)
cerebellum.
b)
corpus callosum.
c)
reticular formation.
d)
cerebral cortex.
27.
Which lobes of the brain receive the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back?
a)
parietal
b)
temporal
c)
occipital
d)
frontal
28.
Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the
a)
medulla.
b)
corpus callosum.
c)
angular gyrus.
d)
limbic system.
29.
What are the small fibers branching out from the axon?
a)
neurons
b)
cerebrum
c)
axon terminal
d)
dendrites
30.
Where is the visual cortex located?
a)
occipital lobe
b)
frontal lobe
c)
temporal lobe
d)
parietal lobe
31.
David experienced difficulty keeping his balance after receiving a blow to the back of his head.  It is likely that he injured his...
a)
medulla
b)
thalamus
c)
hypothalamus
d)
cerebellum
32.
Following a nail gun wound to his head, Daryll became more uninhibited, irritable, dishonest, and profane.  It is likely that his personality change was the result of an injury to his?
a)
parietal lobe
b)
temporal lobe
c)
occipital lobe
d)
frontal lobe
33.
Acetylcholine and dopamine, which help control movement, are examples of what?
a)
synapses
b)
axons
c)
gland
d)
neurotransmitters
34.
Neurotransmitters are ______________ that travel across the ______________ to another cell. 
a)
electoral signals; receptors
b)
electrical signals; synapse
c)
chemicals; receptors
d)
chemicals; synapse
35.
Which of the following is a brain-imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structure? 
a)
electroencephalography (EEG)
b)
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
c)
positron emission tomography (PET)
d)
computerized axial tomography (CAT)
36.
The space between neurons is the
a)
neurotransmitter
b)
axon.
c)
dendrite
d)
synapse.
37.
Messages move to and from the brain along thin cells called
a)
neurotransmitters
b)
synapses
c)
neurons.
d)
axons.
38.
 6-1: The brain and the spinal cord comprise the
a)
central nervous system 
b)
peripheral nervous system
c)
neurotransmitters
d)
autonomic nervous systerm
39.
The nerves that branch out from the spinal cord are the
a)
central nervous system
b)
peripheral nervous system. 
c)
neurons.
d)
myelin sheath
40.
 One's heartbeat is controlled by the
a)
autonomic nervous system
b)
peripheral nervous system
c)
somatic nervous system
d)
neurotransmitters.
41.
The ___ located at the rearbase of the skull, involved in the basic processes of life 
a)
behindbrain
b)
hintbrain
c)
hindbrain
d)
midbrain
42.
The__ is the small part of the brain above pons integrates sensory info & relays it upward
a)
hintbrain
b)
forebrain
c)
hindbrain 
d)
midbrain 
43.
 Each cerebral hemisphere has deep grooves that form regions or______
a)
lobes 
b)
lopes
c)
loves
d)
temples
44.
The electrical activity of whole areas of the brain can be recorded with an EEG or: 
a)
Electronic Elogy Graph 
b)
Electorencephalograph
c)
electrodesengagedgraph 
d)
Earring Excellent Gram
45.
An imaging technique used to study the brain to pinpoint injuries and brain deterioration 
a)
Electroencephalograph
b)
Positron Emission Topography
c)
Computeraized Axial Tomography 
d)
xtraray
46.
an imaging technique used to study brain structure and activity 
a)
Electroenceephalograph
b)
Computerized Axial Tomography
c)
Positron Emission Topography
d)
Magnetic resonance Imaging 
47.
Which of the following believed that in order for a person to grow psychological certain needs such as food, safety, love, and self-concept had to develop?
a)
William James
b)
Abraham Maslow
c)
Sigmund Freud
d)
John Watson
48.
What famous biologist influenced the functionalist approach to psychology when he discussed how species adapt to survive over time?
a)
Sir Francis Bacon
b)
John Locke
c)
Jane Goodall
d)
Charles Darwin
49.
The left side of the brain is typically in control of which of the following?
a)
spatial reasoning
b)
left side of the body
c)
word recognition
d)
perception
50.
After competing in a critical game, Ashley is feeling elated and does not feel tired.  What could be the explanation for this?
a)
Dopamine
b)
Endorphins
c)
Norepinephrine
d)
Epinephrine
51.

controls muscle movement & receives information from sensory receptors

a)

Somatic nervous sytem

b)

Peripheral Nervous System

c)

Sympathetic Nervous system

d)

Para Sympathetic Nervous system

52.

controls the fight & flight

a)

Somatic nervous sytem

b)

Peripheral Nervous System

c)

Sympathetic Nervous system

d)

Para Sympathetic Nervous system

53.
Which of the following is NOT part of a neuron?
a)
Dendrite
b)
Axon
c)
Synapse
d)
Myelin Sheath
54.
What is the definition for Myelin sheath?
a)
Cell life support
b)
Passes information away from cell
c)
Fatty tissue that encases the axon
d)
Forms junction with other cells
55.
The EEG monitors
a)
injuries in the brain
b)
functioning of the hypothalamus
c)
electrical activity of the endocrine system
d)
electrical activity in the brain
56.
Sleep Spindle occur during stage
a)
Two
b)
three
c)
REM
d)
five
57.
These mimic the effect of endorfins
a)
mdma
b)
amphetimines
c)
opiates
d)
tranquilizers
58.
This is the inability to fall or stay asleep.
a)
narcolepsy
b)
insominia
c)
sleep apnea
d)
REM Rebound
59.
    Circadian rhythm refers to .
a)
biological ryhtms that occure from 1 month to a year
b)
hibernation
c)
biological ryhtm that occurs within a 24 hour period
d)
hunger
60.
The period of the sleep cycle when most dreaming occurs is
a)
1
b)
REM
c)
NREM
d)
4
61.
  The theory that states that dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex processes neural signals emanating from      activity in the lower part of the brain is the
a)
Wish Fulfilment
b)
Information Processing
c)
Activation-Synthesis
d)
Manifest Theory
62.
The most potent hallucinogenic drug is
a)
marijuana.
b)
mescaline.
c)
LSD.
d)
peyote.
63.
Which of the following is true of hypnosis?
a)
It is similar to deep sleep.
b)
The subject may not violate their deepest values.
c)
The subject becomes less responsive to internal stress.
d)
It cannot be used to reduce pain.
64.
A scientific instrument used to measure sleep:
a)
PAP
b)
CAT
c)
LKC
d)
EEG
65.
________________ sleep is the deepest sleep, from which it is difficult to wake up.
a)
stage four
b)
REM
c)
stage three
d)
sleepwalking
66.
“No air” is a good definition for this parasomnia:
a)
sleep apnea
b)
narcolepsy
c)
insomnia
d)
nightmares
67.
Which of the following will NOT increase behavioral and mental activity?
a)
Cocaine
b)
Caffeine
c)
Amphetamines
d)
Barbiturates
68.
The painful experience associated with termination of the use of an addictive substance is known as
a)
Discontinuance
b)
Tolerance
c)
Withdrawal
d)
Forced independence
69.
Sigmund Freud believe that dream analysis was a useful device for
a)
Decreasing repression
b)
Strengthening the superego
c)
Displacing instinctual forces
d)
Gaining insight into unconscious motives
70.
Nicotine is classified as a
a)
narcotic
b)
depressant
c)
relaxant
d)
stimulant
71.
Substances capable of altering human consciousness are classified as
a)
pharmacologic drugs
b)
addictive
c)
psychoactive drugs
d)
narcotics
72.
Bad dreams are best associated with:
a)
stage four
b)
night terrors
c)
nightmares
d)
stage three
73.
Sensations or perceptions without any external cause are:
a)
illusions 
b)
hallucinations
c)
delusions
d)
daydreams
74.
Which of the following is an unconditioned response?
a)
clapping after a thrilling concert performance
b)
jumping rope
c)
running through a maze to get a food reward
d)
sweating in hot weather
75.
Any consequence that increases the future likelihood of a behavior is called:
a)
punishment
b)
conditioned stimulus.
c)
reinforcement
d)
unconditioned stimulus.
76.
When Fido the dog sits, he gets a treat. What kind of learning probably established this behavior?
a)
classical conditioning
b)
observational learning
c)
operant conditioning.
d)
insight learning.
77.
Extinction is:
a)
the death of the organism you are trying to condition.
b)
the loss of a learned response when there is no longer a consequence.
c)
the loss of a powerful positive reinforcer
d)
what happens when an organism stops behaving because of punishment
78.
Six weeks ago Jacob ate a chicken sandwich that was contaminated with bacteria. It gave him food poisoining and he was very ill for several days afterwards. The contaminated chicken sandwich that Jacob ate six weeks ago and that made him feel sick was 
a)
An unconditioned response
b)
A conditioned response
c)
A conditioned stimulus
d)
An unconditioned stimulus 
79.

Receiving a good grade for reading and responding to every two chapters of a novel is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

a)

fixed ratio

b)

fixed interval

c)

variable ratio

d)

variable interval

80.

Selling Girl Scout cookies door-to-door is reinforced on a _____ schedule.

a)

fixed ratio

b)

fixed interval

c)

variable ratio

d)

variable interval

81.

Bradley is a distractible second-grade student who finds schoolwork boring. After a couple of minutes of working silently, Bradley often starts to misbehave until his teacher, Ms. Skinner, calls his name and scolds him. However, he enjoys this attention from her and continues to misbehave. With respect to Bradley's misbehavior, Ms. Skinner’s attention serves as

a)

punishment

b)

positive reinforcement

c)

negative reinforcement

d)

primary reinforcement

e)

differential reinforcement

82.

A father is frustrated because his 3-year-old daughter has started to spit frequently. He has decided to temporarily put one of her toys away each time she spits. He is going to continue doing this until she has stopped spitting. His plan uses

a)

positive reinforcement

b)

negative reinforcement

c)

positive punishment

d)

negative punishment

83.
This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
84.
This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self – reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
85.
This is a method of research where the researcher carefully and systematically observes and records behavior without interfering
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
86.
This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
87.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
88.
The advantage of this method of research is that the behavior observed in the subject(s) natural environment to be more natural, spontaneous, and varied than that observed in a laboratory.
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
89.
A medical doctor who specializes in treating psychological problems  is a 
a)
health psychologist
b)
psychiatrist
c)
developmental psychologist
d)
research psychologist
90.

What is a hypothesis?

a)

an educated guess

b)

an absolute solution

c)

a random guess

d)

an experiment

91.

What is a theory?

a)

a guess on how something works

b)

a tested conclusion accepted as true

c)

a story explaining how the world works

d)

an assumption

92.

It changes in behavior that result from expectations that a drug or other treatment will have some effect. It is called?

a)

Wild treatment

b)

Placebo effect

c)

Diagnosis

d)

Miracle healing

93.

Only the subjects have no idea whether they get real treatment or placebo. It is called?

a)

Single-blind treatment

b)

Double-blind treatment

c)

Triple-blind treatment

d)

Non-blind treatment

94.

It is the subjects and the experimenters have no idea whether the subjects get real treatment or placebo. It is called?

a)

Single-blind experiment

b)

Double-blind experiment

c)

Triple-blind experiment

d)

Limited experiment

95.
The DSM-V is a diagnostic guide that:
a)
 describes psychological disorders and their prevalence.
b)
describes psychological disorders and their causes.
c)
 describes only disorders that have medical causes.
d)
   has been shown to have poor reliability and validity.
96.
Mr. James believes that people are constantly laughing at him and that FBI agents are trying to steal his life savings. Mr. James is most clearly suffering from: 
a)
  compulsions.
b)
  catatonia.
c)
 delusions.
d)
   hallucinations.
97.

The phenomenon of color constancy best demonstrates that...

a)

an object's perceived color is influenced by its surrounding objects

b)

the retina has three types of color receptors

c)

the brain processes information about color and shape simultaneously

d)

quivering eye movements help to maintain the perception of color

e)

color vision depends on pairs of opposing retinal processes

98.

Almost half the birds in the tree outside Brian's window were brown and the rest were red, so Brian perceived them as two different groups of birds. This best illustrates...

a)

proximity

b)

closure

c)

similarity

d)

connectedness

e)

disparity

99.

The principle that two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion for their difference to be perceived is known as...

a)

opponent process theory

b)

feature detector

c)

sensory interaction

d)

Weber's law

e)

absolute threshold

100.

A person's diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as...

a)

accomodation

b)

parallel processing

c)

sensory adaptation

d)

transduction

e)

sensory equilibrium

101.
This structure helps pass information between the two hemispheres of the brain.
a)
corpus callosum
b)
hypothalamus
c)
pons
d)
amygdala
102.
You actually do 'have eyes in the back of your head' because this region of the brain responsible for visual processing is right above the cerebellum!
a)
temporal lobe
b)
sensory cortex
c)
occipital lobe
d)
gyri
103.

This part of the brain makes us unique and is our control information processing center?

a)

Cerebellum

b)

Corpus Collosum

c)

Cerebrum

d)

Hypothalamus

104.

Psychologists refer to the internally pre-programmed growth of a child...

a)

Development

b)

Assimilation

c)

Maturation

d)

Socialization

105.

This is referred to as the conceptual framework used to make sense of the world

a)

Schema

b)

Conservation

c)

Assimilation

d)

Evolution

106.
Which neurotransmitter is released in response to stress and trauma?
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Endorphins
c)
Serotonin
d)
GABA
107.
Which neurotransmitter inhibits brain activity?
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
GABA
c)
Endorphins
d)
Dopamine
108.
All of the following mimic the neurotransmitter GABA except
a)
Alcohol
b)
Valium
c)
Xanax
d)
Heroin
109.
Which neurotransmitter is involved in muscle movements?
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Endorphins
c)
Serotonin
d)
GABA
110.

Gardner proposes that humans have multiple intelligences that are relatively independent of one another. Which of the following is one of the intelligences?

a)

g factor

b)

common sense intelligence

c)

intrapersonal intelligence

d)

fluid intelligence

111.

Spearman's g factor refers to

a)

the genetic contribution to intelligence.

b)

a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks.

c)

a highly developed skill or talent possessed by a person with an otherwise limited mental ability.

d)

the ability to understand and regulate emotions.

112.

Before publishing her test of musical aptitude, Professor Reed first administered the test to a representative sample of people. This was most clearly necessary for purposes of

a)

standardization

b)

reliability

c)

predictive validity

d)

content validity

113.

When retested on the WAIS, people's second scores generally match their first scores quite closely. This indicates that the test has a high degree of

a)

reliability

b)

content validity

c)

standardization

d)

predictive validity

114.

Motivation is defined by psychologists as

a)

an impulse to accomplish something of significance.

b)

rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of all people.

c)

a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.

d)

the cause of behavior.

e)

an external reward or goal that pushes a person toward accomplishments.

115.

Which theory of motivation most clearly emphasizes the importance of genetic predispositions?

a)

drive-reduction theory

b)

instinct theory

c)

hierarchy of needs theory

d)

arousal theory

e)

incentive theory

116.

Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies?

a)

instinct theory

b)

drive-reduction theory

c)

hierarchy of needs theory

d)

arousal theory

e)

homeostasis

117.

Social Learning Theory is a combination of _____________ .

a)

behavioral learning theory and psychodynamic theory

b)

cognitive learning theory and behavioral learning theory

c)

children studies and social psychology

d)

cognitive learning theory and tabula rosa

118.

The James-Lange theory of emotion states that

a)

the expression of emotion reduces our level of physiological arousal

b)

to experience emotion is to be aware of our physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event.

c)

to experience emotion we must be physically aroused and able to cognitively label the emotion

d)

cognitive experiences of emotion determine the extent of our physiological arousal

119.

Which type of sensory memory works with visual stimuli?

a)

Short-Term memory

b)

Working memory

c)

Iconic Memory

d)

Echoic Memory

e)

Explicit Memory

120.

What is the term that states we remember the first (primacy) and last (recency) items on a list?

a)

State-Dependent Learning

b)

Mood Congruent Memory

c)

Retrieval Failure

d)

Serial Position Effect

e)

Recall

121.

Hermann Ebbinghaus was one of the first memory researchers and was able to graph how most memories are forgotten. According to Ebbinghaus, when are most memories forgotten?

a)

The First Hour

b)

The Second Day

c)

Within the next three months

d)

Within the next six months

e)

The last 15 days.

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quiz

Worksheet

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11th Grade - University