Free Printable AP Biology Pretest

1.

Which of the following characteristics would allow you to distinguish a prokaryotic cell from an animal cell?

a)

ribosome

b)

cell membrane

c)

chloroplast

d)

cell wall

e)

I don't know

2.

Which of the following is the source of oxygen produced during photosynthesis?

a)

H₂O

b)

H₂O₂

c)

CO₂

d)

CO

e)

I don't know

3.

An organism exposed to wild temperature fluctuations shows very little, if any, change in its metabolic rate. This organism is most probably a

a)

ectotherm

b)

endotherm

c)

thermophyle

d)

ascosopre

e)

I don't know

4.

Which of the following is a frameshift mutation?

a)

CAT HAS HIS --> CAT HAS HIT

b)

CAT HAS HIS --> CAT HSH ISA

c)

CAT HAS HIS --> CAT HIS HAT

d)

CAT HAS HIS --> CAT WAS HIT

e)

I don't know

5.

A researcher conducts a survey of a biome and finds 35% more species than she has found in any other biome. Which biome is she most likely to be in?

a)

Tundra

b)

Tiaga

c)

Tropical Rainforest

d)

Temperature Deciduous Forest

e)

I don't know

6.

On the basis of the following crossover frequencies, determine the relative location of these four genes:

m & n = 15%

p & f = 20%

n & f = 30%

m & f = 45%

n & p = 10%

a)

FPMN

b)

MNFP

c)

MNPF

d)

NMPF

e)

I don't know

7.

A man contracts the same flu strain for the second time in a single winter season. The second time he experiences fewer symptoms and recovers more quickly. What cells are responsible for this rapid recovery?

a)

Helper T Cells

b)

Cytotoxic T cells

c)

Memory cells

d)

Plasma cells

e)

I don't know

8.

Which of the following are traits that are affected by more than one gene?

a)

Heterozygous traits

b)

Pleiotrophic traits

c)

Polygenic traits

d)

Blended alleles

e)

I don't know

9.

A lizard lacking a chemical defense mechanism that is colored in the same way as a lizard that has a defense mechanism is displaying

a)

aposometric coloration

b)

cryptic coloration

c)

batesian mimicry

d)

mullerian mimicry

e)

I don't know

10.

Crossover would most likely occur in which situation?

a)

Two genes (1 and 2) are located right next to each other on chromosome a.

b)

Gene 1 is located on chromosome A, and gene 2 is located on chromosome B

c)

Genes 1 and 2 are located near each other on the X chromosome

d)

Gene 1 is located on chromosome A; gene 2 is located far away, but on the same chromosome

e)

I don't know

11.

Imagine an organism whose 2n = 96. Meiosis would leave this organism's cells with how many chromosomes?

a)

192

b)

96

c)

48

d)

24

e)

I don't know

12.

A student conducts an experiment to test the efficiency of a certain enzyme. Which of the following protocols would probably not result in a change in the enzyme's efficiency?

a)

Bringing the temperature of the experimental set up from 20 C^o to 50 C^o

b)

Adding an acidic solution to the setup

c)

Adding substrate but not enzyme

d)

Placing the substrate and enzyme in a container with double the capacity

e)

I don't know

13.

You observe a species that gives birth to only one offspring at a time and has a relatively long life span for its body size. Which of the following is probably also true of this organism?

a)

It lives in a newly colonized habitat

b)

It is an aquatic organism

c)

It requires relatively high parental care of offspring

d)

The age at which the offspring themselves can give birth is relatively low

e)

I don't know

14.

Which of the following is an example of a detritivore?

a)

Cactus

b)

Algae

c)

Bat

d)

Fungus

e)

I don't know

15.

In a certain population of squirrels that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, black color is recessive phenotype present in 9% of the squirrels, and 91% are gray. What percentage of the population is homozygous dominant for this trait.

a)

21%

b)

30%

c)

49%

d)

70%

e)

I don't know

16.

Which of the following conditions is required to keep this population at Hardy Weinberg equilibrium.

a)

random mating

b)

genetic drift

c)

mutation

d)

gene flow

e)

I don't know

17.

A reaction that includes energy as one of its reactants is called a(n)

a)

exergonic reaction

b)

hydrolysis reaction

c)

endergonic reaction

d)

redox reaction

e)

I don't know

18.

To which of the following labeled trophic levels would a herbivore most likely be assigned?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

I don't know

19.

A population undergoes a shift in which those who are really tall and those who are really short decrease in relative frequency compared to those of medium size, due to a change in the availability of resources. This is an example of

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

disruptive selection

d)

sympatric speciation

e)

I don't know

20.

Which of the following statements is correct?

a)

Water flows from hypertonic to hypotonic

b)

Germinating seeds use less oxygen than do nongerminating seeds

c)

The rate of transpiration decreases with an increase in air movement

d)

Smaller DNA fragments migrate more rapidly than do larger DNA fragments on gel electrophoresis

e)

I don't know

21.

Which of the following is not a form of interspecies interaction?

a)

Commensalism

b)

Succession

c)

Mutualism

d)

Parasitism

e)

I don't know

22.

SIckle cell anemia is a disease caused by the substitution of an incorrect nucleotide into the DNA sequence for a particular gene. The amino acids are still added to the growing protein chain, but the symptoms of sickel cell anemia result. This is an example of

a)

frameshift mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

nonsense mutation

d)

thymine dimer mutation

e)

I don't know

23.

This represents the backbone of a structure that is vital to the construction of many cells and is used to produce steroid hormones.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

I don't know

24.

This structure plays a vital role in energy reactions.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

I don't know

25.

This structure is a purine found in DNA.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

I don't know

26.

This structure was synthesized in the ribosome.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

I don't know

27.

When oxygen becomes unavailable, this process regenerates NAD+, allowing respiration to continue.

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Chemiosmosis

c)

Fermentation

d)

Calvin Cycle

e)

I don't know

28.

This process leads to the net production of two pyruvate, two ATP, and two NADH.

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Chemiosmosis

c)

Fermentation

d)

Calvin Cycle

e)

I don't know

29.

This process couples the production of ATP with the movement of electrons down the electron transport chain by harnessing the driving force created by a proton gradient.

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Chemiosmosis

c)

Fermentation

d)

Calvin Cycle

e)

I don't know

30.

This process has as its products NAD+, ADP and sugar.

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Chemiosmosis

c)

Fermentation

d)

Calvin Cycle

e)

I don't know

31.

The agent that causes the conversion of molecule I to molecules II and III

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

DNA ligase

c)

sticky ends

d)

restriction enzymes

e)

I don't know

32.

The sequence AGCT in molecule III

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

DNA ligase

c)

sticky ends

d)

restriction enzymes

e)

I don't know

33.

The agent that causes the conversion of molecules II and III to molecule IV

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

DNA ligase

c)

sticky ends

d)

restriction enzymes

e)

I don't know

34.

The agent that causes molecule I to copy itself

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

DNA ligase

c)

sticky ends

d)

restriction enzymes

e)

I don't know

35.

A behavioral endocrinologist captures male individuals of a territorial bird species over the course of a year to measure testosterone (T) levels. In this population, males may play one of two roles: (1) they may stay in their natal group (the group they were born in) and help raise their younger siblings, or (2) they may leave their natal group to establish a new territory.

Testosterone level in this population may be an example of

a)

adaptive radiation

b)

an adaptation

c)

divergent selection

d)

development

e)

I don't know

36.

A behavioral endocrinologist captures male individuals of a territorial bird species over the course of a year to measure testosterone (T) levels. In this population, males may play one of two roles: (1) they may stay in their natal group (the group they were born in) and help raise their younger siblings, or (2) they may leave their natal group to establish a new territory.

What can you infer about the role of testosterone in reproduction in this species?

a)

It is detrimental to breeding

b)

It aids adult males only

c)

It ensures that all males reproduce equally

d)

It aids in breeding

e)

I don't know

37.

A behavioral endocrinologist captures male individuals of a territorial bird species over the course of a year to measure testosterone (T) levels. In this population, males may play one of two roles: (1) they may stay in their natal group (the group they were born in) and help raise their younger siblings, or (2) they may leave their natal group to establish a new territory. Which of the following is the best explanation of the results in the far right graph, collected from the same population in a different year?

a)

The so-called helper males are actually breeding

b)

The population has stopped growing

c)

Females are equally attracted to adult and helper males

d)

Testosterone level is affected by many processes

e)

I don't know

38.

A researcher grows a population of ferns in her laboratory. She notices, after a few generations, a new variant that has a distinct phenotype. When she tries to breed the original phenotype with the new one, no offspring are produced. When she breeds the new variants, however, offspring look like the new variant result.

What originally caused the change in the variant?

a)

karyotyping

b)

balanced polymporphism

c)

mutation

d)

polyploidy

e)

I don't know

39.

A researcher grows a population of ferns in her laboratory. She notices, after a few generations, a new variant that has a distinct phenotype. When she tries to breed the original phenotype with the new one, no offspring are produced. When she breeds the new variants, however, offspring look like the new variant result.

What kind of speciation does this example illulatrate?

a)

Allopatric

b)

Sympatric

c)

Isolated

d)

Polypoidy

e)

I don't know

40.

A researcher grows a population of ferns in her laboratory. She notices, after a few generations, a new variant that has a distinct phenotype. When she tries to breed the original phenotype with the new one, no offspring are produced. When she breeds the new variants, however, offspring look like the new variant result.

Which of the following could possibly characterize the new variant?

a)

Adaptive radiation

b)

Divergent selection

c)

Equilibrium

d)

Polyploidy

e)

I don't know

41.

A researcher grows a population of ferns in her laboratory. She notices, after a few generations, a new variant that has a distinct phenotype. When she tries to breed the original phenotype with the new one, no offspring are produced. When she breeds the new variants, however, offspring look like the new variant result.

Which of the following is likely to exhibit the process described?

a)

Fallow deer

b)

Fruit flies

c)

Grass

d)

Spotted toads

e)

I don't know

42.

The DNA placed in this electrophoresis gel separates as a result of what characteristic?

a)

pH

b)

charge

c)

size

d)

polarity

e)

I don't know

43.

If this gel were used in a court case as DNA evidence taken from the crime scene, which of the following suspects appears to be guilty?

a)

Suspect A

b)

Suspect B

c)

Suspect C

d)

Suspect D

e)

I don't know

44.

Which two suspects, while not guilty, could possibly be identical twins?

a)

Suspect A and B

b)

Suspect A and C

c)

Suspect B and C

d)

Suspect B and D

e)

I don't know

45.

The frequency of genotypes for a given trait are given below:

AA = 36% Aa = 45% aa = ?%

What is the frequency of the recessive homozygote?

a)

15%

b)

19%

c)

25%

d)

40%

e)

I don't know

46.

The frequency of genotypes for a given trait are given below:

AA = 36% Aa = 45% aa = ?%

What would be the approximate frequency of the heterozygote condition if this population were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

a)

20%

b)

45%

c)

48%

d)

72%

e)

I don't know

47.

The frequency of genotypes for a given trait are given below:

AA = 36% Aa = 45% aa = ?%

Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Cannot tell from the information given

d)

Maybe, if individuals are migrating

e)

I don't know

48.

The frequency of genotypes for a given trait are given below:

AA = 36% Aa = 45% aa = ?%

Which of the following processes may be occurring in this population, given the allele frequencies.

a)

Directional selection

b)

Homozygous advantage

c)

Hybrid vigor

d)

Allopatric speciation

e)

I don't know

49.

An eager AP Biology student interested in studying osmosis and the movement of water in solutions took a dialysis bag containing a 0.5M solution and placed it into a beaker containing a 0.6 M solution.

After the bag has been sitting in the beaker for a while, what would you expect to have happened to the bag?

a)

There will have been a net flow of water out of the bag, causing it to decrease in size.

b)

There will have been a net flow of water into the bag, causing it to swell in size.

c)

The bag will be the exact same size because no water will have moved at all.

d)

The solute will have moved out of the dialysis bag into the beaker.

e)

I don't know

50.

An eager AP Biology student interested in studying osmosis and the movement of water in solutions took a dialysis bag containing a 0.5M solution and placed it into a beaker containing a 0.6 M solution.

If this bag were instead placed into a beaker of distilled water, what would be the expected result?

a)

There will have been a net flow of water out of the bag, causing it to decrease in size.

b)

There will have been a net flow of water into the bag, causing it to swell in size.

c)

The bag will be the exact same size because no water will have moved at all.

d)

The solute will have moved out of the dialysis bag into the beaker.

e)

I don't know

51.

Which of the following is true about water potential?

a)

It drives the movement of water from a region of lower water potential to a region of higher water potential.

b)

Solute potential is the only factor that determines the water potential.

c)

Pressure potential combines with solute potential to determine the water potential.

d)

Water potential always drives water from an area of lower pressure potential to an area of higher pressure potential.

e)

I don't know

52.

If the pedigree is studying an autosomal recessive condition for which the alleles are A and a, what was the probability that a child produced by parents A and B would be heterozygous?

a)

0.0625

b)

0.1250

c)

0.2500

d)

0.500

e)

I don't know

53.

Imagine that couple (C and D) go to a genetic counselor because they are interested in having children. They tell the counselor that they have a family history of a certain disorder and they want to know

a)

0.0625

b)

0.1250

c)

0.2500

d)

0.333

e)

I don't know

54.

Imagine that couple (C and D) have a child (E) that has the autosomal recessive condition being traced by the pedigree. What is the probability that their second child (F) will have the autosomal recessive condition?

a)

0.0625

b)

0.1250

c)

0.2500

d)

0.500

e)

I don't know

55.

The bold line that points C intersects is known as the

a)

biotic potential

b)

carrying capacity

c)

limiting factor

d)

maximum attainable population

e)

I don't know

56.

On the basis of what happens at the end of this chart, what is the most likely explanation for the population decline after point E.

a)

The population became too dense and it had to decline

b)

There was a major environmental shift that made survival impossible for many

c)

Food became scarce, leading to a major famine

d)

The population had become too large

e)

I don't know

57.

The solutions in the two arms of this U-tube are separated by a membane that is permeable to water and sodium chloride, but not to sucrose. Side A is filled with a solution of 0.6M sucrose and a 0.2 M sodium chloride (NaCl), and side B is filled with a solution of 0.2M sucrose and 0.3M NaCl. Initially the volume on both sides is the same.

At the beginning of the experiment,

a)

Side A is hypertonic to side B

b)

Side A is hypotonic to side B

c)

Side A is isotonic to side B

d)

Side A is hypotonic to side B with respect to sucrose

e)

I don't know

58.

The solutions in the two arms of this U-tube are separated by a membane that is permeable to water and sodium chloride, but not to sucrose. Side A is filled with a solution of 0.6M sucrose and a 0.2 M sodium chloride (NaCl), and side B is filled with a solution of 0.2M sucrose and 0.3M NaCl. Initially the volume on both sides is the same.

If you examine side A after a couple of days, you will see

a)

an increase in the concentration of NaCl and sucrose and an increase in water level

b)

a decrease in the concentration of NaCl, an increase in water level, and no change in the concentration of sucrose.

c)

no net change

d)

an increase in the concentration of NaCl and an increase in the water level

e)

I don't know

59.

Tay-Sachs is a disease caused by a recessive allele. Individual with the genetic disorder usually do not survive more than a few years, and thus are not able to reproduce and pass on the gene. What would explain how this allele and its associated disease is preserved in the population.

a)

Heterozygous individuals will show no symptoms.

b)

Spontaneous mutation converts the dominant allele to the recessive form.

c)

Occasionally the gene will instead increase the fitness of the individual.

d)

Tay-Sachs is asymptomatic in people who are homozygous recessive.

e)

I don't know.

60.

A new plant was discovered and determined to have an unusually low number of stomata on the underside of its leaves. For what environment would this plant most likely be best adapted?

a)

Cold and rainy

b)

Humid and sunny

c)

Hot and humid

d)

Hot and dry

e)

I don't know

61.

The first simple cells evolved approximately 3.5 billion years ago, followed by the more complex eukaryotic cells 2.1 billion years ago. Which of the following statements is correct?

a)

Eukaryotic organelles helped create separate environments for metabolic reactions, thus increasing their metabolic efficiency.

b)

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have no structural similarities.

c)

The organelles in larger eukaryotic cells took care of the problem of having a large surface area-to-volume ratio.

d)

Eukaryotic cells are able to multiple faster based on their more complex structure.

e)

I don't know

62.

Easily produced genetic variation is key to the rapid evolution of viral and microbial populations. Furthermore, pathogens that need to escape the immune system rely on this variation to generate new surface antigens that go unrecognized by the host's immune system. Which of the following is an example of this antigenic variation.

a)

HIV, which can remain integrated into the host genome for many years

b)

The flu virus, which changes its envelope proteins

c)

MRSA, which has become resistant to many antibiotics

d)

Multiple sclerosis, which attacks the cells of the nervous system

e)

I don't know

63.

Two species of hamster (X and Y) are in the genus Cricetulus, whereas a third species (Z) is instead part of genus Mesocricetus. Which of the following phylogenic trees shows the correct evolutionary relatedness?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

I don't know

64.

In a certain species of plant, the allele to produce green melons (G) is dominant over the allele to produce yellow melons (g). A student performed a cross between a plant that produced green melons and a plant that produced yellow melons. When the student observed the next generation, the 94 seeds that were produced from the cross matured into 53 plants with green melons and 41 plants with yellow melons. Calculate the chi-squared value for the null hypothesis that the green-melon parent was heterozygous for the melon-color gene.

a)

4.26

b)

3.84

c)

2.16

d)

1.53

e)

I don't know

65.

In a population of grasshopper, the allele for tan color is dominant to the allele for green color. A drastic increase in rainfall leads to selection against the tan phenotype. When the rainy season ends, 23 percent of the remaining grasshoppers have the green phenotype. If this population is now in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what will the frequency of the tan allele be in the next generation.

a)

-0.24

b)

-0.17

c)

0.52

d)

0.68

e)

I don't know

66.

The bacteria that cause pimples can be grown in the lab using a suitable nutrient broth, where they will eventually achieve exponential growth. Using the graph that follows, calculate the mean rate of growth, in millions of bacteria per hour, during their exponential phase.

a)

33

b)

2.37

c)

1.27

d)

18

e)

I don't know

67.

What is the water potential for a solution that is 0.1M? The solution is in an open container. The equation for water potential is:

a)

-0.24

b)

-0.16

c)

0.37

d)

0.62

e)

I don't know

68.

Determine the surface area-to-volume ratio for a cube that has a side length of 2.5cm. The volume of a cube = (l)(w)(h). The surface area = 6 x the area of a single side.

a)

6.2

b)

10

c)

4.75

d)

2.4

e)

I don't know

69.

If CiVi = CfVf, where i is the initial solution concentration and f is the final concentration, how many milliliters of a 0.5M glucose solution would you need in order to make 250 milliliters of a 0.1 M glucose?

a)

50

b)

150

c)

200

d)

250

e)

I don't know

AP Biology Pretest

Total questions: 69

Worksheet time: 2hrs 17mins

Similar Resources on Wayground