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WorksheetsQuiz: Plate Tectonics
Total questions: 48
Worksheet time: 2hrs 43mins
Earth’s outer core is believed to be... 人们认为地球的外核是……
solid because S-waves can travel through it 固体，因为 S 波可以穿过它
liquid because S-waves can travel through it 液体，因为 S 波可以穿过它
liquid because S-waves cannot travel through it 液体，因为 S 波无法穿过它
solid because P-waves can travel through it 固体，因为 P 波可以穿过它
The aerial photograph shows two streams that have been displaced by tectonic movement along the San Andreas fault. The arrows show the relative direction of movement along the fault. This movement occurred along which type of plate boundary? 航拍照片顯示兩條沿聖安德烈亞斯斷層構造運動的流。 箭頭顯示沿著斷層的相對運動方向。 這種運動沿著哪種類型的板塊邊界發生？
convergent
transform
divergent
complex
What type of plate boundary is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge? 大西洋中脊是什麼類型的板塊邊界？
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Complex
Where is the seafloor the youngest? 最小的海底在哪裡？
A
B
C
D
Which tectonic movement of Earth’s crust is most likely responsible for the formation of the East African Rift Valley? 地殼的構造運動最可能是造成東非大裂谷的原因之一？
convergence of continental crust 大陸地殼的收斂
convergence of oceanic crust 洋殼匯聚
divergence of continental crust 大陸地殼的分歧
divergence of oceanic crust 洋殼的分歧
Which type of tectonic plate boundary is found between the South American Plate and the Scotia Plate? 在南美板塊和斯科舍板塊之間發現的是哪種類 型的構造板塊邊界？
transform
divergent
convergent
complex or unknown
A strong earthquake that occurs on the ocean floor could result in the formation of a _______ 發生在海底的強烈地震可能導致海底的形成
tsunami 海嘯
delta 三角洲
volcano 火山
isotope 同位素
Most of the basalt that forms island arcs comes from the 大多數形成島弧的玄武岩都來自這個島
asthenosphere 軟流圈
inner core 內核
stiffer mantle 更硬的地幔
rigid mantle 更硬的地幔
A seismic station recorded the P-waves, but no S-waves, from an earthquake, because S-waves were 一個地震台記錄了P波，但沒有S波，因為S波
absorbed by Earth’s outer core 被地球外核吸收
transmitted only through liquids 僅通過液體傳播
not produced by this earthquake 不是由這次地震產生的
absorbed by Earth’s volcanoes 被地球火山吸收
Compared to the oceanic crust, the continental crust is usually 相較於海洋地殼，大陸地殼通常
thicker, with a less dense composition 比較厚，其中花崗岩成分的密度較低
thicker, with a more dense composition 比較厚，其中玄武岩成分的密度較高
thinner, with a less dense composition 比較薄，其中花崗岩成分的密度較低
thinner, with a more dense composition 比較薄，其中玄武岩成分的密度較高
According to the cross section, every 1 million years, the ocean floor bedrock moves approximately 根據這個橫截面，海底基岩每 1 百萬年大約
20 km away from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge遠離大西洋中脊移動 20 公里
40 km away from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge遠離大西洋中脊移動 40 公里
40 km toward the Mid-Atlantic Ridge向大西洋中脊移動 40 公里
20 km toward the Mid-Atlantic Ridge向大西洋中脊移動 20 公里
Which map best represents the pattern of magnetic polarity in the minerals of ocean-floor bedrock on each side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge? 哪一張地圖最能表示在大西洋中脊兩側的海底基岩礦物質中的磁極模式？
Which tectonic plate boundary is best represented by this diagram? 這個圖表最能代表下列哪個構造板塊邊界？
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Unknown
A model of Earth’s internal structure is shown. 下面顯示的是地球內部結構的模型.
Analysis of which type of data led to the development of this model? 對哪種數據進行的分析導致了這種模型的建構？
seismic waves 地震波
depth of Earth’s oceans
地球的海洋深度
electromagnetic radiation 電磁輻射
isobar gradients 等壓線梯度
What is the process that is responsible for the movement of the tectonic plates? 什麼是造成板塊運動的過程？
convection 對流
radioactive decay 放射性衰變
nuclear fusion 核聚變
cosmic background radiation 宇宙背景輻射
Which cross section shows the correct convection cells (represented by arrows) that could be found underneath the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
哪一個顯示在大西洋中脊以下可以找到正確的對流單元？
Major earthquakes tend to occur along the edge of tectonic plates (at the boundary between tectonic plates). Which world map shows the locations where most earthquakes and volcanoes occur on Earth? 大地震往往发生在板块边缘（板块之间的边界）。哪张世界地图显示了地球上地震和火山活动最频繁的地区？
The diagram below shows the magnetic polarity preserved by minerals within the bedrock of the oceanic crust near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations in the ocean-floor bedrock. The most recently formed bedrock is found at location.... 下圖顯示中大西洋山脊附近，海洋地殼岩床的礦物質中，所保存的磁極。字母A、B、C和D代表海床岩床的各個地點。 最近形成的岩床可在哪裡找到...
A
B
C
D
What caused the separation of the different layers of Earth? 是什麼導致了地球不同層的分離？
density differences and gravity
密度差異和重力
nuclear fusion in stars
恆星核聚變
radioactive decay in fossils
化石中的放射性衰變
ocean currents and climate change
洋流和氣候變化
Identify the a lettered location from the map that is least likely to experience volcanic activity or earthquakes. 從地圖中識別出最不可能經歷火山活動或地震的字母位置。
Point E
Point G
Point A
Point B
What is the name of the process that is responsible for the movement of the tectonic plates? 负责构造板块运动的过程的名称是什么？
conduction 传导
convection 对流
evaporation 挥发
condensation 凝结
Which cross section best represents the convection currents in the mantle beneath the Peru-Chile Trench? 哪个截面最能代表秘鲁智利海沟下方地幔中的对流？
Hot Spots and Mantle Plumes 地幔熱點和地幔熱柱
Research of mantle hot spots indicates that mantle plumes form in a variety of sizes and shapes. These mantle plumes range in diameter from several hundred kilometers to 1000 kilometers. Some plumes rise as blobs rather than in a continuous streak; however, most plumes are long, slender columns of hot rock slowly rising in Earth’s stiffer mantle. One theory is that most plumes form at the boundary between the outer core and the stiffer mantle. They may reach Earth’s surface in the center of plates or at plate boundaries, producing volcanoes or large domes. 對地幔熱點的研究表明，地幔熱柱有各種大小和形狀。這些地幔熱柱的直徑 在幾百公里到 1000 公里之間。某些地幔熱柱是斑點狀，並非連續條紋；不過， 大多數熱柱都是細長型熱岩柱，從地球不易流動的地幔中逐漸形成。一種理論認 為，大多數熱柱形成於外核和不易流動的地幔的邊界。這些熱柱可能會延伸至板 塊中心或板塊邊界的地表，因而產生火山或大型穹頂。
Compared to the surrounding material, mantle plumes rise toward Earth’s surface from the core-mantle boundary because they are 與周圍材料相比，地幔熱柱從核心-地幔邊界延伸至地表，是因為它們
cooler and less dense 較冷，密度較小
hotter and less dense 更热，密度更低
cooler and more dense 更加凉爽和稠密
hotter and more dense 較熱，密度較大
Arrows in the diagram below represent the daytime flow of air over a coastal region. 下圖中的箭頭表示沿海地區白天的空氣流動。
Which process primarily transfers heat by moving air? 哪個過程主要通過空氣流動來傳遞熱量？
conduction 传导
radiation輻射
convection 對流
transpiration 蒸騰
Describe the relationship between age and distance from mid-ocean ridge 描述年龄与距中洋脊的距离之间的关系
as distance from the mid-ocean ridge increases, age increases 随着距大洋中脊的距离增加，年龄也增加
as distance from the mid-ocean ridge increases, age decreases 随着距大洋中脊的距离增加，年龄下降
as distance from the mid-ocean ridge increases, age stays the same 随着距大洋中脊的距离增加，年龄保持不变
as distance from the mid-ocean ridge decreases, age stays the same 随着距大洋中脊的距离减小，年龄保持不变
Use ESSRT: Identify the names of tectonic plate A and tectonic plate B 确定构造板块A和构造板块B的名称
North American & Pacific plates
Philippine & Pacific Plates
Indian Austrialian & Pacific plates
Nazca & Pacific Plates
Which type of plate boundary is represented at point A?
在A点代表哪种类型的板块边界？
divergent
transform
convergent
complex
Identify one other geologic surface feature, other than a trench, found at the region represented in the cross section. 请指出在横断面所代表的地区发现的除沟渠外的其他地质表面特征。
volcanoes/mountains
rift valley 裂谷
mid-ocean ridge 大洋中脊
snow 雪
The cross section shows the boundary between the Juan de Fuca Plate and the North American Plate. In which diagram do the arrows best represent the relative motion of the upper mantle at this plate boundary? 该截面图显示了胡安-德-富卡板块和北美板块之间的边界。 在哪张图中，箭头最能代表该板块边界上层地幔的相对运动？
Which layer of Earth's interior is inferred to be liquid? 推斷哪一層地球內部是液體？
asthenosphere
crust
inner core
outer core
The map shows some tectonic plate boundaries near South America and Africa. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations on Earth’s surface.
Which location most likely has the youngest bedrock?
该图显示了南美洲和非洲附近的一些构造板块的边界。字母A、B、C和D代表地球表面的位置。
哪个地方最有可能拥有最年轻的基岩？
A
B
C
D
Which graph best shows the range of density in each of Earth’s layers? 哪個圖表最能顯示地球每一層的密度範圍？
Which of the following statements below, is NOT evidence supporting the existence of Pangea? 以下是以下哪個陳述，不是證據證明Pangea的存在嗎？
the density of continental crust is the same everywhere 各地地殼的密度是相同的
animals were not strong swimmers so they could not have swam across continents 動物不是強力的游泳者，所以他們不可能跨大洲游泳
edges of continents fit together like puzzle pieces 大陸的邊緣像拼圖一樣拼合
the same fossils were found on far away continents 在遙遠的大陸上發現了相同的化石
Which plate boundary can create mountains? 哪个板块边界可以形成山脉？
Classify this type of plate boundary 对此类板块边界进行分类
The layer of Earth in which convection (the mechanism that causes tectonic plates to move) is called... 地球上发生对流（导致板块移动的机制）的层称为……
Inner Core 内核
Mantle 地幔
Crust 地壳
Outer Core 外核
When two plates collide and one plate slips below the other and down into the mantle. 当两块板块碰撞时，一块板块会滑到另一块板块下方并进入地幔。
Subduction 俯冲
Erosion 侵蚀
Convection 对流
The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by... 板块运动是由...引起的。
the rotation of the Earth. 地球自转。
convection currents in the Asthenosphere 软流圈中的对流
the gravity of the iron-nickel core. 铁镍核心的重力。
the Moho discontinuity. 莫霍面。
What type of plate boundary is shown here? 这里显示的是什么类型的板块边界？
Which statement best describes density? 哪个陈述最能描述密度？
The amount of space an object takes up 物体占据的空间量
The amount of mass in a given volume 给定体积内的质量
The amount of matter in an object 物体中物质的量
how heavy an object is 物体有多重
What is the equation to find density? 求密度的方程是什么？
(a)
Why is a hot air balloon able to rise into the sky? 热气球为什么能够升上天空？
The hot air is less dense then the atmosphere, so it rises 热空气的密度小于大气，因此它会上升
The hot air is more dense then the atmosphere, so it rises 热空气比大气密度大，所以它上升
The hot air has the same density as the atmosphere, so it rises 热空气的密度与大气相同，因此上升
Why does oil float on top of the water in an oil spill? 为什么漏油时石油会漂浮在水面上？
Oil has the same density of water 油的密度与水相同
Oil is less dense than water 油的密度比水小
Oil is more dense than water 油比水密度大
P-waves can be transmitted through... P 波可以传播通过...
solids 固体 and liquids 液体
solids 固体 only
liquids 液体 only
neither solids or liquids 两者都不
Based on the diagram, which statement is NOT true about S-waves? 根据图表，关于 S 波的哪句话是不正确的？
S-waves can only be transmitted through solids S 波只能通过固体传播
S-waves cannot be transmitted through the outer core because it is liquid 由于外核是液体，因此 S 波无法穿过外核
S-waves are absorbed by the outer core because it is liquid 由于外核是液体，所以 S 波会被外核吸收
S-waves can be transmitted through the outer core because it is liquid 由于外核是液体，因此 S 波可以穿过外核传播
Which diagram correctly shows the convection currents underneath the lithosphere at a divergent plate boundary? 哪个图表正确显示了发散板块边界处岩石圈下方的对流？
