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WorksheetsConceptual Physics Spring Exam Review
Total questions: 143
Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins
The big bang theory of the formation and expansion of the universe is supported by the observed
blue-violet shift
red shift
big crunch
shorter light wavelengths
From the cosmic background radiation, scientists can infer that, just after the big bang, the universe must have been
very small
hot
the same average temperature as it is today
cooler than it is today
A red shift in the spectrum of the light from an object indicates the object is moving _____ you
away from
toward
at a right angle from
none of the above
What is likely to happen to the universe in the future? It will __________
contract
remain the same size
expand forever
expand and then contract
Evidence that the universe is expanding is best supported by the observation that the wavelength of light from distant galaxies are shifted toward the _____
red end of the spectrum because they are shortened
red end of the spectrum because they are lengthened
blue end of the spectrum because they are shortened
blue end of the spectrum because they are lengthened
The force that tends to pull together the matter in stars is ____
gravity
nuclear fusion
dark energy
dark matter
A star begins as a _____, a large cloud of gas and dust
nebula
giant
dwarf
black hole
Our sun is NOT _____
a part of a binary system
a main sequence star
in a galaxy
a medium hot star
The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses is ____
a chain reaction
a chemical reaction
nuclear fission
nuclear fusion
Which of the following elements is most likely to be produced during a nuclear fusion reaction in the sun?
helium-4
hydrogen-1
uranium-235
uranium-238
A main sequence star becomes a _____ after it uses up the hydrogen in its core
nebula
supernova
black hole
giant
The sun produces energy by fusing hydrogen atoms into _____ atoms in its core
carbon
helium
iron
oxygen
Prominences and flares on the sun are related to sunspots because they are all caused by _____
electricity
too much heat
Earth's orbit around the sun
intense magnetic fields
Our sun is considered average because its temperature and absolute magnitude place it in the _____ range of the H-R diagram
white dwarf
red giant
main sequence
supergiant
The H-R diagram shows that main sequence stars ______________________________
are mostly hot and dim
are mostly cool and bright
increase in brightness as they increase in temperature
decrease in brightness as they increase in temperature
This diagram represents ______________ which occurs ________________
nuclear fusion; in stars like our sun
nuclear fission; in the center of the earth
nuclear fusion; to create hydrogen
nuclear fission; in stars like our sun
Using the H-R diagram in the question above what are the products of the reaction
hydrogen and helium
helium and energy
hydrogen and energy
hydrogen, helium and carbon
A star that is very dim and red in color is _____
belelgeuse
van maanen's star
barnard's star
tau ceti
According the H-R diagram what is the approximate absolute magnitude of Rigel?
0
+1
-2
-5
Compared to our sun, Alpha Centauri A would be
hotter and brighter
cooler and brighter
hotter and dimmer
cooler and dimmer
The north star (Polaris) is described best as being
a yellow, bright star at 6000K
a white, dim star at 5800K
a bright yellow supergiant at 6000K
a yellow main sequence star at 5800K
When a star runs out of hydrogen, which =two star types can it become
red giant or supergiant
black hole or protostar
supernova or white dwarf
white dwarf or neutron star
In the diagram below, the spectral lines of hydrogen gas from three galaxies, A, B, and C, are compared to the spectral lines of hydrogen gas observed in a laboratory.
What is the best inference that can be made concerning the movement of galaxies A, B, and C?
galaxy A is moving away from earth, but galaxies B and C are moving toward earth
galaxy B is moving away from earth, but galaxies A and C are moving toward earth
galaxies A, B, C are all moving toward the earth
galaxies A, B, C are all moving away from the earth
Which of the following decibel levels is nearest to the value that you would expect for a running vacuum cleaner?
10 dB
30 dB
70 dB
120 dB
The perceived loudness of a sound is measured in
hertz
decibels
watts
amps
If you are on a train, how will the pitch of the train’s whistle sound to you as the train moves?
The pitch will become steadily higher
The pitch will become steadily lower
The pitch will not change
The pitch will become higher, then become lower
A train moves down the track toward an observer. The sound from the train, as heard by the observer, is ____ the sound heard by a passenger on the train.
the same as
a different timbre than
higher in pitch than
lower in pitch than
In general, sound travels faster through
solids than through gases
gases than through solids
gases than through liquids
empty space than through matter
Of the following materials, sound waves travel fastest through
helium at 0°C
air at 0°C
copper at 0°C
air at 100°C
Pitch depends on the ____ of a sound wave
frequency
amplitude
power
speed
The highness or lowness of a sound is perceived as
compression
wavelength
ultrasound
pitch
Which of the following is the region of a sound wave in which the density and pressure are greater than normal?
rarefaction
compression
amplitude
wavength
Sound waves
are a part of the electromagnetic spectrum
do not require a medium for transmission
are longitudinal waves
are transverse waves
Suppose that two sound waves passing through the same medium have different wavelengths. Which of the following is most likely to be the reason for the differing wavelengths?
the nature of the medium
differences in amplitude
differences in frequency
the type of wave
A wave travels through a medium. As the wave passes, the particles of the medium vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the wave’s motion. The wave is
longitudinal
a pulse
electromagnetic
transverse
The diagram below shows a parked police car with a siren on top. The siren is producing a sound with a frequency of 680 hertz, which travels first through point A and then through point B, as shown. The speed of the sound is 340 meters per second
If the car were to accelerate toward point A, the frequency of the sound heard by an observer at point A would
increase
decrease
stay the same
As a longitudinal (compressional) wave moves through a medium, the particles of the medium
vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave’s propagation
vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave’s propagation
are transferred in the direction of the wave’s motion, only
are stationary
If the amplitude of a sound wave is increased, there is an increase in the sound’s
wavelength
velocity
pitch
loudness
Sound waves from a beating drum will travel fastest through a ____
gas
liquid
solid
empty space (vacuum)
When you squeeze together the coils of a spring and then release them, you are creating a ____ wave
transverse
compressional
water
seismic
Which portion of the diagram above represents the wavelength?
A
B
C
none of them
In the diagram above, the portion labeled A is a _____.
wavelength
compression
rarefaction
crest
This is an example of a ______ wave
compressional
transverse
tidal
earthquake
Wave A carries more energy than wave B. Wave B has a smaller ____ than wave A
frequency
wavelength
amplitude
speed
A light wave strikes the Moon and reflects toward Earth. As the light wave travels from the Moon toward Earth, the wave carries
energy, only
matter, only
both energy and matter
neither energy nor matter
A 5.09 × 1014-hertz electromagnetic wave is traveling through a transparent medium. The
main factor that determines the speed of this wave is the
nature of the medium
amplitude of the wave
phase of the wave
distance traveled through the medium
A student produces a wave in a long spring by vibrating its end. As the frequency of the vibration is doubled, the wavelength in the spring is
quartered
doubled
halved
unchanged
A duck floating on a lake oscillates up and down 5 times during a 10-second interval as a periodic wave passes by. What is the frequency of the duck’s oscillations?
0.10 Hz
2.0 Hz
0.50 Hz
50.0 Hz
Wave amplitude can BEST be described as _____________________.
the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave
the height or depth to which the water rises or sinks as the wave passes
the rolling motion of wave
the setting on a bass guitar amplifier
An example of a transverse wave would be _____________, while a compression wave would be represented by__________________.
water, light
light, water
sound, light
light, sound
The trough is represented by letter __________ in the diagram above
A
B
C
D
The portion of the diagram above that represents the amplitude is__________.
A
B
C
D
This type of wave is called ____________________.
earthquake
compressional
transverse
seismic
When light is reflected from a surface, as the angle of incidence increases, the angle of reflection ____.
increases
decreases
remain the same
cannot be determined
Why do you see lightning from a distant storm before you hear thunder?
The thunder is produced after the lightning
Your eyes react faster than your ears
Light travels faster than sound
Sound travels faster than light
The image of an object in a flat mirror is always
larger than the object
smaller than the object
independent of the size of the object
the same size of the object
When a wave passes from a less dense medium to a more dense medium, the ____ may change
speed
frequency
wavelength
speed, frequency, and wavelength
When a ray of light traveling in water reaches a boundary with air, part of the light ray is reflected and part is refracted. Which ray diagram best represents the paths of the reflected and refracted light rays? NOTE-LIGHT IS ENTERING from the BOTTOM of the picture
1
2
3
4
Light rays that hit a convex mirror ____ as they are reflected
disappear
diverge
unite
magnify
What happens when light passes from air into water?
the light speeds up
the light continues at the same speed
the light slows down
the light forms a mirage
The bowl of a shiny spoon forms an enlarged, upright image similar to that of a ____ mirror
refracting
convex
concave
wide-angle
The image formed by a plane mirror is ____.
real and reversed
real and upright
upright and reversed
virtual and inverted
Which of these is not true about a real image?
it is inverted
it is enlarged
It can be projected onto a screen
It appears behind the mirror
Mirrors on the passenger side of automobiles, on the car door, are generally ____.
CONCAVE
CONVEX
PLANE
FUN-HOUSE
Light is refracted and spread out by a ____.
concave lens
convex mirror
concave mirror
convex lens
Which property of light is illustrated by the diagram below?
reflection
refraction
dispersion
diffraction
The bending of waves due to a change in speed is called
reflection
refraction
diffraction
interference
The ____ is the particle that carries radiant energy
proton
photon
neutron
electron
What type of mirror is used whenever a magnified image of an object is needed?
flat
concave
convex
two-way
When red light and green light shine on the same place on a piece of white paper, the spot appears to be
yellow
brown
white
black
Part of a pencil that is placed in a glass of water appears bent in relation to the part of the pencil that extends out of the water. What is this phenomenon called?
interference
refraction
diffraction
reflection
Which statement below best explains why radio waves can travel through space, but sound waves can not?
A radio waves uses particles to transfer
energy but sound does not.
Both sound waves and radio waves transfer energy through particle movement
A sound wave transfers energy through
particles, but radio waves do not have to.
Radio waves only turn into sound waves when they enter earth’s atmosphere
How would a tomato look under blue light?
The tomato would seem to disappear
The tomato would still appear red
The tomato would appear black
The tomato would appear white
Which of the following correctly explains why microwave ovens are different than conventional ovens when cooking food?
Microwave ovens use microwaves, conventional ovens use mechanical waves
Conventional ovens use heat waves, microwave ovens use thermal waves
Microwave ovens use electromagnetic radiation waves, conventional ovens use thermal energy
Conventional ovens use electromagnetic radiation waves, microwave ovens use thermal energy
When the crest of one wave passes through the trough of another wave, ____ takes place
resonance
diffraction
constructive interference
destructive interference
Which pair of waves will produce a resultant wave with the smallest amplitude?
A
B
C
D
In the classroom, a red shirt appears red because _____________________________.
the red light waves are absorbed by the shirt and all other colors are reflected to you
the red light waves are reflected to you and all other colors are absorbed by the shirt
the pigment in the shirt is cyan, magenta, and yellow
your eye can detect the color using the red rods in your lens
What can you conclude about cell phone radiation from this graphic?
Cell phone radiation has a frequency of more than 1000 gigahertz
Gamma rays are least likely types of
radiation to interfere with humans.
Cell phone radiation is a very low frequency microwave
Cell phone radiation is harmful to humans
Your body needs ____ to make vitamin D
infrared waves
microwaves
visible light waves
ultraviolet waves
Electromagnetic waves _____
are compressional waves
are transverse waves
must have a medium
are generated by static electricity
All of the following are examples of harmful electromagnetic waves for humans (when used in an uncontrolled and long term exposure) EXCEPT
gamma rays
xrays
ultraviolet waves
visible light
The part of the electromagnetic spectrum usually used for communication is
radio waves
infrared waves
ultraviolet waves
gamma rays
Which of the following correctly explains the difference between an ultraviolet wave and an infrared wave?
Ultraviolet is purple and infrared is red
Infrared is from the sun but ultraviolet
is not.
Ultraviolet waves have shorter wavelengths than infrared waves do
Ultraviolet waves have longer wavelengths than infrared waves do
A gamma ray photon and a microwave photon are traveling in a vacuum. Compared to the wavelength and energy of the gamma ray photon, the microwave photon has a
shorter wavelength and less energy
shorter wavelength and more energy
longer wavelength and less energy
longer wavelength and more energy
____ are used for medical imaging
ultraviolet waves
infrared waves
xrays
gamma rays
Microwave ovens are used to heat up food by causing _____________.
the water molecules to increase their vibrations, resulting in friction and increased thermal energy
the food molecules to increase their friction with other food molecules and heat up
an increase in temperature in the air in the microwave oven
thermal energy to be created in the microwave
Gamma waves have ________________________________of all electromagnetic waves (assuming they all have the same amplitude).
the highest frequency and most energy
the lowest frequency and least energy
the highest frequency and least energy
the lowest frequency and most energy
When a police officer uses radar for speed control, the officer is using what kind of electromagnetic waves?
radio waves
gamma rays
ultraviolet rays
xrays
The charge on a proton is
negative, and the charge on an electron is positive
positive, and the charge on an electron is negative
the same as the charge on an electron
can change according to the situation
A student has rubbed a balloon on his hair. He holds it 15 centimeters away from the wall and it falls to the floor. He holds it 5 centimeters from the wall and it is attracted to the wall and “sticks” to the wall (as shown below). Which of the following best describes what has happened?
The electrons from his hair transferred to the balloon, causing it to be negatively charged. The positively induced wall attracted the balloon at a small distance
The electrons from his hair repelled the protons, causing it to be positively charged. The neutral wall attracted the balloon at a small distance
The protons from his hair transferred to the balloon, causing it to be positively charged. The negatively induced wall attracted the balloon at a small distance
The protons from his hair repelled the electrons, causing it to be negatively charged. The neutral wall attracted the balloon at a small distance
The balloon’s electric force acting upon the wall
was proportional to the wall’s force
decreased at a close distance
was unaffected by distance
increased at a close distance
A static discharge differs from an electric current in that a static discharge_______.
involves the movement of ions as well as electrons
results because a force is exerted on electrons
lasts only for a fraction of a second
is a constant flow of electrons
Static electricity is particularly fun in the winter when wool hats are worn more regularly. Which of the following correctly explains the static electricity occurring after wearing a wool hat?
The protons from hair are transferred to the wool cap, making the hair attracted to the air around it once the hat is removed
The electrons from hair are transferred to the wool cap, making the hair positively charged. Therefore, the hairs repel each other and move as far away from each other as possible
The wool cap accumulates the protons and leaves the hair electrically negative
The wool cap transfers its electrons to the hair making the hair electrically positive
The equation above is best represented by which of the following graphs? F = K q1q2/r
1
2
3
4
Describe the changes to the magnitude of a charge when the distance between charges increases. The magnitude
is unafected by distance
will decrease
will increase
Coulomb’s law describes the:
magnitude of the electrostatic charge between two electric charges
magnitude of the electrostaic force between two electric charges
force of electrostatic charge between two warm bodies
distance between two elecrostatic charges
Suppose you acquire a positive charge from walking across a carpet. You then touch a doorknob and receive a shock. This leaves you
positively charged
negatively charged
uncharged
electrically neutral
The diagram above represents the electric field in the region of two small charged spheres, A and B. What is the sign of the net charge on A and B?
A is positive and B is positive
A is positive and B is negative
A is negative and B is negative
A is negative and B is positive
Two identically-sized metal spheres, A and B, are on insulating stands, as shown in the diagram above. Sphere A possesses an excess of 6.3 × 1010 electrons and sphere B is neutral. Which diagram best represents the charge distribution on sphere B?
1
2
3
4
What happens when a rubber rod is rubbed with a piece of fur, giving it a negative charge?
Protons are removed from the rod
Electrons are transferred to the rod
Electrons are transferred to the fur
The fur is left neutral
Electric charge is ________________.
found only in a conductor
always conserved
found only in insulators
not always conserved
In the diagram shown above, the circles represent small balls that have electric charges. Ball 1 has a negative charge, and ball 2 is repelled by ball 1. Next, you see that ball 2 repels ball 3 and that ball 3 attracts ball 4. What is the electric charge on ball 4?
Ball 4 may have either a positive or negative charge
Ball 4 has a negative charge
Ball 4 has a positive charge
It is not possible to determine the charge on ball 4
Which sentence best describes electrical conductors?
Electrical conductors have low mass density.
Electrical conductors have high tensile strength
Electrical conductors have electric charges that move freely
Electrical conductors are poor heat conductors
The figure shown above demonstrates charging by
grounding
induction
polarization
contact
What occurs when two charges are moved closer together?
the electric field doubles
coulombs law takes effect
the total charge increases
the force between the charges increases
If the leaves of an electroscope spread apart, as shown in the diagram above, it indicates that ____.
the leaves of the electroscope are neutral
the leaves of the electroscope have received a charge
no charge is moving through the electroscope
there is static electricity in the electroscope
Electric current is _______________________________.
the protons moving through the wire from the outlet
the protons moving through the wire from a battery
the electrons moving through the circuit from a power source
both a and b
In a series circuit with three bulbs, adding another bulb will
make the nearest bulb brighter
make some of the bulbs dimmer
make all the bulbs brighter
make all the bulbs dimmer
In a parallel circuit with three bulbs,
the bulbs must all be located on the same branch
there is only one path for the current to take
current from each bulb has its own path
the overall resistance increases if a new branch is added
In an electric circuit, the voltage is supplied by the ______________, the resistance is the _____________.
battery, outlet
outlet, battery
power source, appliance
light bulb, wire
What is the overall charge of the balloon and the cloth in Diagram A?
ballon positive, cloth negative
both are neutral
balloon negative, cloth positive
both are negative
What has rubbing the balloon on the cloth done to the charges on the objects shown in diagrams A and B above?
Moved electrons from the balloon to the cloth, causing the ballon to be positive and the cloth to be negative
Moved protons from the cloth to the ballon, causing the balloon to be positive and the cloth negative
Moved electrons from the cloth to the balloon, causing the balloon to be negative and the cloth to be positive
Moved potons from the balloon to the cloth, causing both to be positive
In an electric circuit, the electricity flows from ______________to ___________.
high voltage areas to low voltage areas
low voltage areas to high voltage areas
batteries to wires
wires to batteries
Which diagram(s) show parallel circuits?
all of them
A and B
B, D, and E
B and E
What will happen to bulb 2 and 3 in the circuit diagram D if bulb 1 burns out?
they will both stay lit
they will both go out
Bulb 2 will go out, but bulb 3 will stay lit
Bulb 3 will go out, but bulb 2 will stay lit
What is the potential difference across a 5.0 W resistor that carries a current of 5.0 A?
V=I* R
100 V
25 V
10 V
1 V
A flashlight bulb with a potential difference of 4.5 V across it has a resistance of 8.0 W. How much current is in the bulb filament?
I = V/R
36 A
9.4 A
1.8 A
.56 A
If an electric water heater uses 40 kW of power and runs for 8 hours, what is the total amount of energy used?
P= E*t
5 KWH
32 KWH
48 KWH
320 KWH
The location of the strongest magnetic forces is the ____.
electromagnets
magnetic domains
magnetic fields
magnetic poles
Which diagram best represents a magnetic field between two magnetic fields?
A
B
C
D
Which of the following situations is NOT true for magnets?
like poles repel each other
unlike poles repel each other
north poles repel each other
a north pole and a south pole will attract each other
Electromagnetic induction is the process of producing an electric current by moving a loop of wire ____.
through a magnetic field
through a magnetic domain
around an iron core
around a magnetic pole
In the diagram below, a steel paper clip is attached to a string, which is attached to a table. The clip remains suspended beneath a magnet
As the magnet is lifted, the paper clip begins to fall as a result of
a decrease in the magnetic field strength near the clip.
a decrease in the magnetic properties of the clip
an increase in the potential energy of the clip.
an increase in the gravitational field strength near the magnet
The diagram below shows the magnetic field surrounding a bar magnet. The closer together the lines of force, the stronger the magnetic field. According to the diagram, where is the magnetic field the strongest?
around the north pole
around the south pole
around the both poles
in the center of the magnet
Which compass needle orientation in the figure above might correctly describe the magnet’s field at that point?
a
b
c
d
A student wanted to find out how to make an electromagnet stronger. The results of his experiment are listed in the table below
According to these data, which of the following does not make an electromagnet stronger?
increasing the number of batteries that are connected
increasing the number of wire turns around the core
increasing the number of nails inside the core
increasing the number of tacks used
The function of an electric motor is to change ____.
chemical energy to electrical energy
electrical energy to chemical energy
electrical energy to mechanical energy
mechanical energy to electrical energy
In the United States, power lines can carry power voltages as high as 750,000 V, a step-down transformer reduces the voltage to ____ for home use
60 V
120 V
60 Hz
120 Hz
An electron moving at constant speed produces
a magnetic field only
an electrical field only
both a magnetic and and electric field
neither a magnetic and and electric field
What is structure B? What happens to it when energy flows?
It is a permanent magnet, nothing happens when the energy flows
It is a coil of wire with an iron core that will become an electromagnet when energy flows through it
IT is a motor that spins faster when energy flows through it
It is the energy sources that increases in power as more energy flows through it.
Does the figure above represent a motor or a generator? Explain your answer
Generator; electric energy is being converted from the motion of the fan
Generator; mechanical energy is being converted from electrical energy of the battery
Motor; electric energy is being converted from the mechanical energy of the fan
Motor; mechanical energy is being produced from the electrical energy of the battery
What happens when to the rotation of the coil (in the figure above) if the current flowing through it is increased?
The rotation rate will also increase (spin faster).
The rotation rate will decrease (spin slower).
The rotation rate will not change
A magnetic compass is placed near an insulated copper wire. When the wire is connected to a battery and a current is created, the compass needle moves and changes its position. Which is the best explanation for the production of a force that causes the needle to move?
The copper wire magnetizes the compass needle and exerts the force on the compass needle
The compass needle magnetizes the copper wire and exerts the force on the compass needle
The insulation on the wire becomes charged, which exerts the force on the compass needle
The current in the wire produces a magnetic field that exerts the force on the compass needle
What effect does the transformer below have on the voltage?
It steps up the voltage
It steps down the voltage
It has no effect on the voltage
It cancels out the voltage
The layer on which the tectonic plates move is the ____.
lithosphere
asthenosphere
core
crust
When the heat source is removed from a fluid, convection currents in the fluid will
speed up
change directions
eventually stop
continue as the same rate forever
How did scientists discover that rocks farther away from the mid-ocean ridge were older than those closer to it?
by observing eruptions of molten material on the sea floor
by mapping rocks on the sea floor using sonar
by determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the sea floor
by measuring how fast sea-floor spreading occurs
Scientists think that convection currents flow in the Earth’s
crust
mantle
inner core
What type of plate boundary occurs at location X?
transform
convergent
divergent
What feature occurs at Y, and how does it form?
Y is a mountain formed by volcanic activty
Y is an ocean trench formed by subduction of one plate under another
Y is a volcanic island formed by the ocean floor melting under the continent
Y is the ocean floor formed by sea floor spreading
What is happening at Z?
The continent is forcing the ocean floor up into the mountains
Plate C is pushing up on plate B
The edege of plate A is pushing B into C
The edge of plate B is plunging beneath plate C and melting in the mantle
Which type of plate boundary occurs at Y?
transform
convergent
divergent
What feature occurs at X and how does it form?
X is an island arc formed by subduction
X is a trench formed by sea-floor spreading
X is a mid-ocean ridge formed by sea-floor spreading
X is a mid-ocean ridge formed by subduction
