Worksheetsfinal exam
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 48mins
a dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when
a weakened area develops in the aortic wall
all layers of the aorta suddenly contract
the inner layer of the aorta become separated
the aorta ruptures resulting the profound bleeding
a patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because?
the coronary arteries suddenly spasm and cause a marked reduction in myocardial blood flow
the ragged edge of a tear in the coronary artery lumen causes causes local blood clotting and arterial narrowing
the lumen of the cornary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow
tissues of the myocardium undergo necrosis secondary to a prolonged absence of oxygen
signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would most likely be delayed in patients who:
have chronic hypertension
have had a stroke in the pass
are older than 40 years old
regularly take illegal drugs
Angina pectoris occurs when:
myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply
myocardial oxygen supply exceeds demand
one or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm
a coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque
while auscultating an elderly women's breath sounds, you hear low pitched "rattling" sounds at the bases of both of her lungs. this finding is most consistent with which of the following conditions
early pulmonary edema
acute asthma attack
aspiration pneumonia
widespread atelectasis
Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it:
is less resistant to treatment
is a more contagious type of disease
has a greater ability to produce disease
leads to chronic infection after exposure
when caring for a patient with an altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should:
transport immediately and begin all emergency treatment en route to the hospital
have a paramedic unit respond to the scene if it is less than 15 min away
perform a detailed secondary assessment prior to transporting the patient
limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible
the index of suspicion is most accurately defined as
a predictable pattern that leads to serious injuries
the way in which traumatic injuries occur
your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries
the detection of less obvious life threatening injuries
which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?
a nonsignificant MOI rules out the possibility of serious trauma
the MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patients injury
a significant MOI always results in patient death or permanent disability
the exact location of a patients injuries can be determined by the MOI
what occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly?
the majority of tidal volume reaches the lungs and diffuses across the alveolar capillary membrane
air move primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange
air is forcefully drawn into the lungs due to the negative pressure created by the rapid respiration's
minute volume increases because of a marked increase in both tidal volume and respiratory rate
you are performing mouth to mouth mask ventilation's with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min what percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving?
45
65
75
55
which of the following injuries would most likely cause obstructive shock?
liver laceration
cardiac tamponade
spinal cord injury
simple pneumothorax
hypoglycemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of
platelets
plasma
red blood cells
whole blood
you and your partner are both male and are attending to a 28 year old female patient complaining of diffuse abdominal pain. the patient is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. the patient refuses to allow you to examine her, and her husband informs you that their cultures does not allow males to examine or care for pregnant women. you should
respect the patients wishes, ensure that the appropriate documentation is completed, and transport the patient.
insist that the patient requires proper care and that requires an adequate physical assessment and that you cannot be responsible for the outcome
if a baby is born at 7:52, the second Apgar score should be calculated at:
8:00
7:59
7:57
7:57
while triaging patients at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you encounter a 5 year old child who is unresponsive and apneic. after positioning his airway, you should:
palpate for a carotid pulse
deliver 5 rescue breaths
trench collapses usually involve large areas of falling dirt that weigh approximately? per cubic foot.
100 lb
50 lb
150 lb
200 lb
placards and labels on a storage container are intended to:
give a general idea of the hazard inside that particular container
broadly classify chemicals as being explosive or nonexplosive
the function of the national incident management system (NIMS) is to:
educate city and county governments regarding foreign terrorist attacks
prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents
facilitate a standard method of incident command for natural disasters
which section of the heart receives deoxygenated blood?
left
atria
ventricle
right
all of the following terms refer to a body part that is cold but not frozen, except:
immersion foot
trench foot
frostbite
frostnip
a patient with an altered mental status is:
usually able to be aroused with painful stimulus
not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused
a 37 year old female with a history of diabetes presents with excessive urination duration. her blood glucose level reads 320mg/dl. if this patients condition is not.... will most likely develop:
hypoxia and overhydration
acidosis and dehydration
severe insulin shock
irreversible renal failure
what is the most common misconception surrounding mental illness?
everyone has some sort of mental illness
all persons with mental disorders are physically violent and dangerous
feeling "bad" or "depressed" means that you must be "sick"
why might emts encounter a larger proportion of violent patients than the population at large?
emts respond with law enforcement
emts respond to patients who, by their definition, are having an emergency
the emt should ensure that vaginal bleeding is
not caused by traumatic injury
taken seriously and the patient is transported for gynecologic evaluation
you are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. she admits to drinking while driving but says not to tell anyone. you should report the information to
law enforcement personel
the receiving nurse or doctor
large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when:
the cells function with adequate oxygen
carbon dioxide levels in the blood are high
the -------- is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen
costovertebral angle
diaphram
a by- product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is:
lactic acid
nitrogen
heat
oxygen
because a tracheotomy tube bypasses the nose and mouth
the risk of local infection is significantly high
secretions can build up in and around the tube
a 59 year old male with a history of emphysema complains of an acute worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful cough. your assessment reveals that he has a barrel-shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. what is the most likely cause of this patients condition.
spontaneous pneumothorax
pulmonary embolism
approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:
rollovers
frontal
lateral collisions
treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would most likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations:
shortness of breath and blood pressure of 76/56 mm hg
difficulty breathing
which of the following is commonly observed in patients with right sided heart failure?
labored breathing
dependent edema
pulmonary edema
following a blunt injury to the head, a 22 year old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. on the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be most concerned with the possibility of:
a fracture of the skull
intracranial bleeding
which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41 year old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious. assuming that the travel time to each is equal.
only an level 1 trauma center
a level 1 or a level 2 trauma center
which of the following does not involve the presence of any symptoms?
49 year old with blurred vision and ringing in the ears
55 year old male with severe headache and 2 days of nausea
61 year old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis
you are ventilating a patient with a stoma. however air is escaping from the mouth to the nose to prevent this you should?
thrust the jaw forward
seal the mouth and nose
in an acute injury setting , neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by:
tachycardia
hypothermia
when should non lifesaving interventions be performed for your multisystem trauma patient
prior to transport
en route to the hospital
you suspect your patient is in shock. you note the patients skin is pale. this is likely due to?
peripheral vasoconstriction
peripheral vasodilation
three days after delivering her baby, a 30 year old women complains of a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. her level of consciousness is decreased and she is tachycardia. the emt should suspect.
pulmonary embolism
acute pulmonary edema
by the 20th week of pregnancy, uterus is typically at or above the level of the mothers
superior diaphragm
belly button
infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with:
drooling or congestion
extreme restlessness
