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HBio Ch 34 Terms: Nature of Ecosystems

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
An area of permeable layer of rock or soil that holds a large amount of water in the saturated zone is called what?
a)
Aquifer
b)
Spring
c)
Well
d)
Reservoir
2.
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from external sources are called
a)
autotrophs
b)
heterotrophs
c)
thylakoids
d)
plants
3.
What is a herbivore?
a)
an animal that gets energy from eating other animals
b)
an organism that gets energy from eating only plants
c)
an animal that gets energy by eating both plants and other animals
4.
An organism that gets energy from eating other organisms is a ______________
a)
producer
b)
consumer
c)
decomposer
5.
What is a carnivore?
a)
an animal that gets energy by eating other animals
b)
An animal that gets energy by eating only plants
c)
an animal that gets energy by eating both plants and animals
6.
Which of the following is NOT a consumer
a)
grass
b)
dog
c)
shark
d)
fish
7.
Autotroph or heterotroph?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
8.
Autotroph or Heterotroph?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
9.
Autotroph or Heterotroph?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
10.
Autotroph or heterotroph?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
11.

What is biomass?

a)

A lot of food

b)

The number of organisms multiplied by their weight

c)

Oil, gasoline, and coal

12.
A living organism that puts materials from dead  plants and animals back to the soil is called a ____________?
a)
carnivore
b)
decomposer
c)
herbivore
d)
omnivore
13.

N03 is also known as (it is what plants use)

a)

ammonia

b)

nitrite

c)

nitrogen

d)

nitrate

14.
Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...
a)
bacteria
b)
plants
c)
animals
d)
producers
15.
How much of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen gas?
a)
87%
b)
38%
c)
78%
d)
21%
16.

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with hydrogen to make nitrogen into ammonia (and eventually usable compounds)?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

ammonia

c)

nitrogen fixation

d)

denitrification

17.
Which of the following are nitrogen "fixers"
a)
rabbits
b)
bacteria and lightning
c)
decaying matter
d)
ammonifiers 
18.

Plants can assimilate or absorb this type of nitrogen...?

a)

N2 (nitrogen gas)

b)

NH3 (ammonia)

c)

N03 (nitrate)

d)

Atmospheric nitrogen

19.
The nitrogen in the atmosphere can be readily absorbed by plants. 
a)
True
b)
False
20.
The process where excess nutrients enter body of water causing overgrowth of aquatic plants and algae...
a)
Eutrophication
b)
Acid Precipitation
c)
Nitrogen Fixation
d)
Decomposition
21.
Based on this diagram, which of the following can you infer is the chemical formula for gaseous nitrogen (atmospheric nitrogen)?
a)
N
b)
N₂
c)
N₃
d)
N₄
22.
Which of the following would be true if only nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and not nitrifying bacteria, were present in the soil? 
a)
Gaseous nitrogen would build up in the soil 
b)
Hydrogen would build up in the soil
c)
Ammonia would build up in the soil
d)
Oxygen would build up in the soil 
23.

What is the main difference between denitrification and the other three steps of the nitrogen cycle?

a)

Bacteria are not involved in the process of denitrification

b)

Denitrification changes nitrogen/nitrate into a gaseous form

c)

Denitrification takes days; the other steps are instant

d)

Denitrification isn't necessary to complete the nitrogen cycle

24.
The process of plants losing water through their leaves is called ____.
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
transpiration
d)
exhaling
25.
What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
helium
d)
nitrogen
26.
Where are denitrifying bacteria found?
a)
In the soil
b)
Root nodules
c)
In dead things
d)
In the atmosphere
27.

What happens during the process of nitrogen-fixation?

a)

Nitrogen compounds turn into free nitrogen

b)

Free nitrogen turns into nitrogen compounds

28.
What happens during the process of denitrification?
a)
Nitrogen compounds turn into free nitrogen
b)
Free nitrogen turns into nitrogen compounds
29.
What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
combustion
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
decomposition
30.
Where is carbon stored in the environment?
a)
Fossil fuels
b)
Wood of trees
c)
Calcium carbonate (shells and bones)
d)
All of the above
31.
What 2 things does a plant make during photosynthesis?
a)
oxygen, glucose
b)
glucose, carbon dioxide
c)
useable energy, glucose
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
32.

In eutrophication, plant nutrients cause ________ to bloom.

a)

algae

b)

decomposers

c)

plants

d)

monkey fish

33.

In eutrophication, dissolved oxygen levels decrease because

a)

decomposers use it in cellular respiration

b)

algae bloom and use it up

c)

plant nutrients react with the dissolved oxygen

d)

fish use it up

34.

Productivity is a measure of:

a)

currents

b)

photosynthesis

c)

temperature

d)

respiration

35.
What are plants called in a food chain?
a)
Producers
b)
Consumers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Scavengers
36.
Which of the following organisms is a herbivore.
a)
butterfly
b)
snake
c)
fox
d)
ladybird
37.
Name the producers in this food web.
a)
seagull and fish
b)
penguin and crab
c)
phytoplankton and seaweed
d)
seaweed and zooplankton
38.

Which of the following illustrates the correct ordering of trophic levels for a grazing food chain?

a)

decomposers-carnivores-autotrophs-herbivores

b)

herbivores-autotrophs-carnivores-decomposers

c)

autotrophs-herbivores-carnivores-decomposers

d)

carnivores-producers-omnivores

39.
The efficiency of energy transfer from a lower trophic level to the next highest level is roughly
a)
1%
b)
10%
c)
100%
d)
1000%
40.
In aquatic ecosystems, biomass is least at which trophic level?
a)
autotrophs
b)
herbivores
c)
carnivores

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