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Exam #2 Review: Transport & Enzymes

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How do enzymes speed up a chemical reaction?

a)

Increasing activation energy

b)

Lowering activation energy

c)

Increasing deactivation energy

d)

Decreasing deactivation energy

2.

Each enzyme only has one substrate that will fit its active site. What is this called?

a)

reusablility

b)

denaturation

c)

specificity

d)

fragility

3.

The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?

a)

Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.

b)

Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.

c)

Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction.

d)

Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.

4.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
5.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
6.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
7.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
8.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
enzymes slow down chemical reactions
c)
enzymes speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants 
9.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
10.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
11.
The pH at which an enzyme is most efficient is called the _________ pH of an enzyme.
a)
neutral
b)
optimum
c)
minimum
d)
experimental 
12.

What is represented by letter D?

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

13.

What is represented by letter B?

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

14.

What is represented by letter C?

a)

active site

b)

enzymes

c)

substrate

d)

products

15.

What is represented by letter E?

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

16.

The difference between pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis is that

a)

pinocytosis requires cellular energy, but receptor-mediated endocytosis does not.

b)

pinocytosis brings only water molecules into the cell, but receptor-mediated endocytosis brings in other molecules as well.

c)

pinocytosis is nonselective in the molecules it brings into the cell, whereas receptor-mediated endocytosis offers more selectivity.

d)

pinocytosis increases the surface area of the plasma membrane whereas receptor-mediated endocytosis decreases the plasma membrane surface area.

17.
When a plant cell, such as one from a tulip stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?
a)
The cell membrane will lyse.
b)
The cell will burst.
c)
The cell will become turgid.
d)
Plasmolysis will shrink the interior.
18.
Which temperature and pH profile curves on the graphs were most likely generated from analysis of an enzyme from a human stomach where conditions are strongly acid?
a)
curves 2 & 5
b)
curves 1 & 5
c)
curves 1 & 4
d)
curves 2 & 4
19.
A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water-equal to the volume of blood lost-is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?
a)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic compared to the cells.
b)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
c)
It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
d)
The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
20.
A cell will __________________ in a hypotonic solution.
a)
Swell and maybe burst (lyse)
b)
Shrink
c)
Not change in size
d)
The cell wall will shrink
21.
A cell will _____________________ in a hypertonic solution.
a)
Swell and maybe burst (lyse)
b)
Shrink
c)
Will not change
d)
Will violently explode
22.
The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane without the use of any energy is called...
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
23.
The picture is an example of _________________.
a)
Osmosis
b)
Isotonic movement
c)
Diffusion
d)
Active transport
24.
The release (exit) of large particles from the cell is ___________________________.
a)
Pinocytosis
b)
Phagocytosis
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis
25.
The type of cellular transport that requires no energy
a)
Active transport
b)
Passive transport
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Endocytosis
26.
The process of a cell engulfs a large solid particle is called...
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Passive transport
d)
Simple diffusion
27.
Transport across the membrane that does require energy.
a)
Active transport
b)
Passive transport
c)
Osmosis
d)
Simple diffusion
28.
When comparing two solutions, the solution that has less solute and a higher water concentration is called__________.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Isocentric
29.
When comparing two solutions, the solution that has more solute and a lower water concentration is called_____________.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Isocentric
30.
What is depicted in this image?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Facilitated diffusion
d)
Active transport
31.
What type of solution causes the blood cells to swell and burst?
a)
Hypotonic solution
b)
Hypertonic solution
c)
Isotonic solution
d)
Active transport
32.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
Passive transport
b)
Endocytosis
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Osmosis
33.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Osmosis
d)
Passive transport
34.
One solution is 10% sugar.  Another is 50% sugar.  Which solution is hypotonic?
a)
10% solution
b)
50% solution
c)
Neither
d)
Both
35.
Movement of solute particles from HYPERTONIC to HYPOTONIC is called...
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Facilitated diffusion
36.
Which type of diffusion is being represented in this picture?
a)
Passive Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Diffusion
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
37.
Which type of Passive Transport is being represented in this picture?
a)
Passive Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Diffusion
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
38.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
Diffused
39.
Which of these is NOT an example of Passive Transport?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Facilitated Diffusion
c)
Osmosis
d)
Diffusion
40.
The type of passive transport that requires channel proteins is:
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
41.

What can block a substrate from entering the active site of an enzyme?

a)

activators

b)

competitive inhibitors

c)

competitive activators

d)

products

42.

________, such as vitamin C, work with enzymes to help enhance the function of the enzyme they attach to.

a)

Coenzymes

b)

Cofactors

c)

Substrates

d)

Allosteric sites

43.
A series of enzymes catalyze the reaction X →Y→ Z →A. Product A binds to the enzyme that converts X to Y at a position remote from its active site. This binding decreases the activity of the enzyme. What is substance X? 
a)
A substrate 
b)
An allosteric inhibitor 
c)
The product
d)
A coenzyme
44.
Succinate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate. The reaction is inhibited by malonic acid, which resembles succinate but cannot be acted upon by succinate dehydrogenase. Increasing the ratio of succinate to malonic acid reduces the inhibitory effect of malonic acid. What is malonic acid's role with respect to succinate dehydrogenase?
a)
It is a competitive inhibitor.
b)
It is an allosteric regulator.
c)
It is able to bind to succinate.
d)
It blocks the binding of fumarate.
45.

Metal ions that bind to enzymes and enhance an enzyme's ability by attracting substrates are called:

a)

Cofactors

b)

Coenzymes

c)

Allosteric Inhibitors

d)

Allosteric Activators

46.

A molecule binds to an enzyme in a location away from the active site and decreases the ability of the active site to bind to the substrate. This is called:

a)

Allosteric Activation

b)

Allosteric Inhibition

c)

Competitive Activation

d)

Competitive Inhibition

47.
After a substrate binds to an enzyme,
a)
the substrate and enzyme are joined permanently 
b)
the enzyme can start the reaction again once the products are released
c)
the enzyme cannot be used in the reaction again
d)
the enzyme is destroyed in the chemical reaction
48.
Which of the following terms best describes the reaction?
a)
endergonic
b)
exergonic
c)
spontaneous
d)
allosteric
49.
The mechanism by which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an earlier step in the pathway is called ___________
a)
metabolic inhibition
b)
feedback inhibition
c)
irreversible inhibition
d)
allosteric regulation
50.
How do non-competitive inhibitors affect enzymes?
a)
It binds to the active site, blocking the substrate
b)
It changes the shape of the enzyme
c)
It increases the activation energy
d)
It decreases the activation energy

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