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Unit II College Biology Wheaton

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 26hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

An instrument for magnifying small objects by use of lens is

a)

electron microscope

b)

scanning electron microscope

c)

transmission electron microscope

d)

compound microscope

2.

The type of microscope that produces a 3D image.

a)

electron microscope

b)

scanning electron microscope

c)

transmission electron microscope

d)

compound microscope

3.

A unicellular organism lacking membrane-bound nuclei

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

prokaryote

d)

eukaryote

4.

A cell that contains a nucleus and internal bound membranes

a)

bacteria

b)

archaea

c)

eukaryotic

d)

prokaryotic

5.

A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cel

a)

nucleoid

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

nuclear envelope

6.

A tiny structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

a)

organelle

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

organ

7.

Made mostly of water; jelly-like material; holds organelles

a)

cytosol

b)

cytoplasm

c)

cell guts

d)

nucleoid

8.

The aqueous part of the cytoplasm where dissolved molecules/ions are found

a)

cytoplasm

b)

cytosol

c)

nucleus

d)

plasma membrane

9.

Made of phospholipid bilayer that regulates what enters and leaves the cell

a)

plasma membrane

b)

nuclear envelope

c)

receptor protein

d)

cytoplasm

10.

A type of protein that assists molecules in crossing the plasma membrane

a)

receptor proteins

b)

transport protein

c)

glycoproteins

d)

lipoproteins

11.

Embedded in the plasma membrane; binds to specific signaling molecules

a)

transport proteins

b)

receptor proteins

c)

plasma membrane

d)

lipoproteins

12.

A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane

a)

ribosomes

b)

middle lamina

c)

cell wall

d)

cell membrane

13.

An organelle where protein synthesis occurs; made of two rRNA subunits

a)

ER

b)

Ribosome

c)

mRNA

d)

tRNA

14.

A polymer made of sugars and amino acids found in the cell wall of bacteria

a)

peptidoglycan

b)

flagella

c)

glycoprotein

d)

glycolipids

15.

A long, whip-like filament that helps in cell motility

a)

cilia

b)

vesicles

c)

actin filaments

d)

flagella

16.

Composed of different membranes suspended in the cytoplasm; divides cell into compartments

a)

entomembrane system

b)

endomembrane system

c)

cytoskeleton

d)

molecular proteins

17.

An organelle present in plant and fungi cells; surrounded by the tonoplast

a)

vesicle

b)

central vacuole

c)

vacuoles

d)

plastid

18.

Small membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of and within a cell

a)

endocytosis

b)

phagocytosis

c)

vesicles

d)

lysosomes

19.

A threadlike body in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order

a)

chromatin

b)

histones

c)

chromosomes

d)

DNA

20.

A network of fibers that holds the cell together, keep its shape, and aids in movement

a)

nuclear envelope

b)

cytoskeleton

c)

microtubules

d)

actin filaments

21.

A double lipid bilayer that encloses genetic material in eukaryotic cells

a)

nuclear pore

b)

nucleolus

c)

nuclear envelope

d)

nuclear system

22.

When DNA wraps around proteins

a)

DNA

b)

Chromatin

c)

Vesicles

d)

Chromosome

23.

The RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

none of the above

24.

The type of RNA synthesized from DNA that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

DNA

25.

A network of membranous tubules continuous with the nuclear membrane, studded with ribosomes

a)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

b)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

lysosome

26.

Membranous tubules continuous with the nuclear membrane, responsible for lipid synthesis

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

glycoprotein

27.

Any class of proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain

a)

glycoprotein

b)

glycolipid

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

endoplasmic reticulum

28.

Receives proteins and newly formed materials from ER, packages them, and distributes them

a)

ER

b)

SER

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

Lysosome

29.

Flattened, membrane-bound compartments that make up the golgi apparatus, also found in the ER

a)

lysosome

b)

cisternae

c)

microbodies

d)

matrix

30.

Produced by the golgi, contain digestive (hydrolytic) enzymes; breaks down foreign cells

a)

microbody

b)

lysosome

c)

phagocytosis

d)

peroxisome

31.

A defensive mechanism in which a cell engulfs a substance or another cell

a)

phagocytosis

b)

chloroplasts

c)

cisternae

d)

crawling

32.

A bean shaped, inner membrane folded into cristae, ATP is produced here

a)

chloroplast

b)

matrix

c)

tonoplast

d)

mitochondria

33.

liquid in mitochondria

a)

cisternae

b)

matrix

c)

thylakoids

d)

grana

34.

green, oval-shaped; contains the pigment chlorophyll

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

matrix

d)

lysosome

35.

A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, contains chlorophyll in membrane

a)

thylakoid

b)

grana

c)

mitochondria

d)

matrix

36.

Colorless plastids that store starch

a)

chlorophyll

b)

mitochondria

c)

amyloplast

d)

cilia

37.

early prokaryotic cells engulfed by other cells and incorporated into host cell; evolved to eukaryotic cells

a)

endosymbiosis

b)

entosymbiosis

c)

symbiosis

d)

parasitism

38.

the thinnest filaments

a)

actin filaments

b)

intermediate filaments

c)

microtubules

d)

centrioles

39.

a hollow rod composed of tubulin; found in cilia and flagella

a)

actin filaments

b)

intermediate filaments

c)

microtubules

d)

centrioles

40.

Very stable; not easily broken down; holds organelles in place

a)

actin filaments

b)

intermediate filaments

c)

microtubules

d)

centrioles

41.

short-hairlike organelles on surface of eukaryotic cells; used for locomotion and sensory functions

a)

flagella

b)

cilia

c)

integrins

d)

centrioles

42.

formed in animal cells only from microtubules; help organize cell structure and located near nucleus

a)

centrioles

b)

myosin

c)

actin filaments

d)

chromosomes

43.

Connect the plasma membrane with the extracellular matrix by connecting to fibronectin

a)

glycolipids

b)

centrioles

c)

microtubules

d)

integrins

44.

Fluid within a chloroplast that contains enzymes involved in the synthesis of carbs during photosynthesis

a)

matrix

b)

thylakoid

c)

grana

d)

stroma

45.

Motor protein that moves along microtubule toward + end

a)

kinesin

b)

dynactin

c)

fibronectin

d)

keratin

46.

Motor protein that moves along mircotubule toward - end

a)

kinesin

b)

dynactin

c)

fibronectin

d)

keratin

47.

First person to observe cells in 1665

a)

van Leeuwenhoek

b)

Hooke

c)

Schliden

d)

Schwann

48.

Person to examine pond water

a)

van Leeuwenhoek

b)

Hooke

c)

Schliden

d)

Schwann

49.

All cells have these in common. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

a)

Genetic material in a nucleoid or nucleus

b)

Cytoplasm-a semifluid matrix

c)

Plasma membrane-phospholipid membrane

d)

Cell wall-rigid outer covering

50.

Prokaryote with a thick wall that retains a violet dye

a)

gram negative

b)

gram positive

c)

archaea

d)

bacteria

51.

more complex, multilayered cell wall that does not retain purple dye; appear red after staining

a)

gram negative

b)

gram positive

c)

archaea

d)

bacteria

52.

The arrangement of microtubules in eukaryotic flagella is referred to as

a)

undulating

b)

basal

c)

9+2

d)

ciliary

53.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of prokaryotes?

a)

DNA

b)

cell membrane

c)

cell wall

d)

endoplasmic reticulum

54.

Ribosomes are made up of ___ subunits

a)

0 (they are whole)

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

55.

Plants differ from animals in that plants have

a)

an ER

b)

a central vacuole

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

vesicles

56.

In bacteria, some of the functions of eukaryotic cells are performed by

a)

vesicles

b)

lysosomes

c)

mitochondria

d)

the plasma membrane

57.

Oxidative metabolism is carried out _____ of mitochondria

a)

in the intermembrane space

b)

on the surface of the inner membrane

c)

in the inside of the outer membrane

d)

in the matrix

58.

Proteins synthesized by the rough ER are

a)

for internal storage

b)

to build more membranes in the cell

c)

to digest food in lysosomes

d)

exported from the cell

59.

Passage through pores in the nuclear envelope is restricted primarily to

a)

proteins, RNA, and protein-RNA complexes

b)

lipids and glycolipids

c)

DNA and RNA

d)

RNA and protein-carb complex

60.

Bacteria may be propelled by

a)

rotating thread-like flagellum

b)

cilia

c)

undulating 9+2 type flagellum

d)

an undulating thread-like flagellum

61.

Unlike those of prokaryotic, eukaryotic cell walls are composed of

a)

a carb matrix cross-linked by short polypeptides

b)

glycolipids and protein fibers

c)

cellulose fibers embedded in a matrix

d)

None of the above

62.

Mitochondrial enyzmes for oxidative metabolism are

a)

on or within the surface of cristae

b)

located on the outer membrane

c)

in the matrix

d)

floating freely in intermembrane space

63.

The second law of thermodynamics essentially says

a)

heat is energy

b)

motion energy converts to heat energy

c)

at the atomic level, motion is continuous

d)

entropy increases

64.

The energy required to destabilize existing chemical bonds is called ___ energy.

a)

activation

b)

destabilization

c)

kinetic

d)

free

65.

If ΔG is said to be positive, it means

a)

H is lower

b)

reactants contain more energy than the product does

c)

S in the system is higher

d)

products of reaction contain more energy than the reactants

66.

Which of the following is uncharacteristic of ATP?

a)

formed by attaching phosphate group to ADP with high E bond

b)

Only the outer, high-E bond is hydrolyzed

c)

It is a good long-term energy storage molecule

d)

When dephosphorated, ATP becomes ADP

67.

The first law of thermodyanmics states that energy can be

a)

created

b)

destroyed

c)

converted

d)

all of the above

68.

The universal energy currency of all cells is

a)

ATP

b)

NAD+

c)

ADP

d)

enzymes

69.

Enzymes

a)

make endergonic reactions proceed spontaneously

b)

lower the activation energy of a reaction

c)

are not very specific in their choice of substrates

d)

none of the above

70.

To what category of macromolecules do most enzymes belong?

a)

carbs

b)

lipids

c)

steroids

d)

proteins

71.

In an endergonic reaction,

a)

the reactants contain less free energy than the products

b)

the reactants contain more free energy than products

c)

no activation energy is required

d)

catalysis cannot occur

72.

The energy of random molecular motion is called

a)

heat

b)

free energy

c)

enthalpy

d)

activation energy

73.

The energy available to do work in a system is called

a)

entropy

b)

activation energy

c)

thermodynamics

d)

free energy

74.

A catalyst will make a reaction

a)

stop

b)

slow down

c)

speed up

d)

go in a different direction

75.

Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?

a)

Some substrates can make enzymes change shape slightly.

b)

All enzymes have the same pH optimum.

c)

The active sites of all enzymes have the same 3D shape

d)

All of the above

76.

Cofactors

a)

break H bonds in proteins

b)

help facilitate enzyme activity

c)

increase activation energy

d)

are very rare in living organisms

77.

How much energy is released when one of the high-eneryg bonds in ATP is broken?

a)

730 cal/mole

b)

7.3 cal/mole

c)

7.3 kcal/mole

d)

73 kcal/mole

78.

Consider the hypothetical biochemical pathway H-I-J-K-L.. Which step evolved first?

a)

H-I

b)

I-J

c)

I-H

d)

K-L

79.

Why do drastic changes in the temp or pH of a system alter enzyme activity?

a)

they change the 3D shape of the enzyme

b)

they disrupt H and ionic bonds in the enzyme

c)

they disrupt hydrophobic interactions of the enzyme

d)

all of the above

80.

The loss of electron by a molecule is called

a)

oxidation

b)

reduction

c)

induced fit

d)

enthalpy

81.

In the chemical equation, G = H - TS, the term G stands for

a)

entropy

b)

the reactants

c)

enthalpy

d)

free energy

82.

Enzyme B requires Zn+2 in order to catalyze the conversion of substrate X. The zinc is an

a)

coenzyme

b)

cofactor

c)

substrate

d)

product

83.

Which of the following must be true for a reaction to occur spontaneously?

a)

ΔG must be negative

b)

ΔH must be negative

c)

ΔS must be positive

d)

ΔG must be positive

84.

Redox reactions

a)

do not occur in living systems

b)

require the presence of oxygen

c)

involve the loss of electrons termed oxidation

d)

involve the gaining of energy by an oxidized substance

85.

Which of the following are mismatched?

a)

anabolic reactions-expend energy

b)

reduction-gain of an electron

c)

endergonic reaction-anabolism

d)

activation energy-entropy

86.

Principle classes of membrane proteins include all of the following except

a)

receptors

b)

cell surface markers

c)

spectrins

d)

transport proteins

87.

Which of the following are not compounds of the cell membrane?

a)

cell surface markers

b)

transmembrane proteins

c)

interior protein network

d)

plasmodesmata

88.

To cross the cell membrane, water must

a)

squeeze between phospholipid molecules

b)

pass through aquaporins

c)

be transported at the expense of ATP

d)

be moved by a cotransport system

89.

The sodium-potassium pump passes

a)

more Na+ out than K+ in

b)

K+ out and Na+ in on a one-for-one basis

c)

Na+ out and K+ in a one-for-one basis

d)

K+ and Na+ in the same direction

90.

Exocytosis is a process by which cells

a)

pass substances out of the cell in vesicles

b)

pass substances out of the cell through membrane by osmosis

c)

release substances directly into ECF through a pore

d)

release substances directly into ECF through a pit

91.

A phospholipid has

a)

a phosphate group in place of a one fatty acid

b)

phosphate group in place of two fatty acids

c)

phosphate groups in place of three fatty acids

d)

a phosphate group in place of a carbon in glycerol

92.

Clatherin-coated pits are used to

a)

extrude bulk fluids from the cell

b)

allow desired molecules directly into the cytoplasm

c)

pass wastes in vesicles to the outside

d)

bring substances from environment into the cell in vesicles

93.

A lipid bilayer

a)

permits water soluble molecules to pass through it

b)

inhibits the passage of water soluble substances through it

c)

actively transports water soluble molecules through it

d)

is indifferent to the passage of water molecules through it

94.

Red blood cells have a characteristic concave shape because of

a)

spectrin

b)

dextrin

c)

hemoglobin

d)

hemocyanin

95.

Many surface proteins are anchored by

a)

polar amino acids

b)

hydrogen bonding amino acids

c)

nonpolar fatty acids

d)

nonpolar amino acids

96.

In each cycle the sodium-potassium pumps transfer

a)

two K ions in and two Na ions out

b)

one Na ion out and one K ion in

c)

three Na ions out and two K ions in

d)

one K ion out and two Na ions in

97.

Substances transported by faciliated diffusion

a)

move passively through channels from area of [high] to [low]

b)

are limited to solvents

c)

must have movements coupled to those of other substances

d)

may flow to region of [high] by the expenditure of energy

98.

In a lipid bilayer the lipids have

a)

their water repelling heads facing inward

b)

their water repelling tails facing inward

c)

their H bond forming heads facing inward

d)

no relationship to water

99.

A lipid bilayer is held together by

a)

surface tension

b)

double bonds in their fatty acid tails

c)

the attraction of the phospholipid heads to each other

d)

hydrogen bonding with water

100.

ATP is required in the transport of

a)

water molecules

b)

all molecules across a membrane

c)

molecules to areas of lower concentration

d)

molecules to areas of higher concentration

101.

In cotransport processes, sugars can be brought into cell against their [gradients] by

a)

ATP that powers the pump that brings them in

b)

following Na ions into the cell traveling down their [gradient]

c)

following K ions in through Na/K pump

d)

through endocytosis

102.

The methods of membrane transport that don't require protein channels or carriers are

a)

osmosis

b)

diffusion

c)

phagocytosis

d)

all of the above

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