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DNA Unit review Pre-AP

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

fatty acids

d)

polysaccharides

2.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
3.

In DNA, Adenine bonds with ______________.

a)

Guanine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Adenine

4.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
5.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
6.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
7.

Nitrogenous bases (A to T and C to G) are joined by which type of bond?

a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
8.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)

hydrogen, sugar, nitrogen base

b)

oxygen, sugar, nitrogen base

c)

phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base

d)

phosphate, sugar, protein

9.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
10.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
11.

DNA replication is "semi-conservative". What does this mean?

a)

Each new piece of DNA is half old/half new

b)

The DNA code sometimes remains intact

c)

One entire new DNA molecule is created, the old molecule is completely conserved

12.
What type of mutation occurs, when a base is subtracted from the sequence? 
a)
Deletion
b)
Insertion
c)
Substitution 
13.
DNA codes for...
a)
cholesterol
b)
proteins
c)
fatty acids
d)
a sandwich
14.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
15.

Are all mutations harmful?

a)

Yes

b)

No

16.
Any change in the sequence of DNA nucleotides or chromosomes is called a 
a)
mutation
b)
single genotype
c)
monohybrid trait
d)
transgenic shift
17.

In RNA, adenine binds with ?

a)

thymine

b)

uracil

c)

cytosine

d)

guanine

18.

The process of making mRNA from DNA is called?

a)

replication

b)

translation

c)

transcription

d)

duplication

19.

Which of the following DNA mutations would be considered a silent mutation?

a)

GAG mutated to GAC

b)

GGC mutated to GCC

c)

TAA mutated to AAA

d)

CCC mutated to CTC

20.

What organelle binds to mRNA in order to make the protein?

a)

ribosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

chloroplast

d)

lysosome

21.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
22.
Which is the mRNA molecule that would be transcribed from this DNA template:
TGGCAAGTACGT
a)
ACCGTTCATGCA
b)
UGGCAAGUACGU
c)
UCCGUUCUUGCU
d)
ACCGUUCAUGCA
23.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
24.

Things such as radiation that are KNOWN to cause mutations are known as

a)

mutagens

b)

mutation agents

c)

DNA splicers

d)

nogoodnics

25.
The enzyme that produces RNA in Transcription is called
a)
RNA Polymerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Transcriptase
d)
RNA Intrase
26.
tRNA molecules match the mRNA codons with a(n):
a)
Codon
b)
Anti-Codon
c)
Intron
d)
Methylated Cap
27.
Translation begins with a(n):
a)
Start Codon
b)
Intron
c)
Promoter
d)
Origin
28.
When the Ribosome reaches ________________ the process of translation stops
a)
Stop Codon
b)
Okazaki Fragment
c)
Terminator
d)
taq Polymerase
29.
Which of the following are monomers of proteins?
a)
monosaccharides
b)
nucleotides
c)
amino acids
d)
fatty acids
30.
"Double helix" describes the shape of which nucleic acid?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
ATP
31.
What is the only thing that varies between the DNA of organisms?
a)
sequence of the N bases
b)
backbone
c)

diameter of the DNA molecule

d)
shape of the ladder
32.
Which nucleic acid is single stranded, has the 4 bases A, U, C, G, and is small enough to leave the nucleus?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
ATP
33.
Which nucleic acid is double stranded, has the 4 bases A, T, C, G, and is too large to leave the nucleus?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
ATP
34.

A binds with T and C binds with G in DNA. These are called...

a)

sugar-phosphate backbone

b)

nucleotides

c)

base pairs

d)

hydrogen bonds

35.

Which of the following could be a nucleotide found in DNA?

a)

phosphate + ribose sugar + thymine

b)

phosphate + ribose sugar + guanine

c)

phosphate + deoxyribose sugar + adenine

d)

phosphate + deoxyribose sugar + uracil

36.

Which of the following could be a nucleotide found in RNA?

a)

phosphate + ribose sugar + thymine

b)

phosphate + ribose sugar + guanine

c)

phosphate + deoxyribose sugar + adenine

d)

phosphate + deoxyribose sugar + uracil

37.

If a particular DNA gene contains 1233 Adenine bases, it will also contain 1233

a)

Thymine bases

b)

Phosphate groups

c)

Cytosine bases

d)

Guanine bases

38.

The number of Guanine bases in a piece of DNA will always be equal to the number of ________________ bases

a)

Thymine

b)

Adenine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Uracil

39.

What process is shown here?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

Gene Splicing

40.

How many nucleotide bases make up one codon?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

5

d)

10

41.

If mRNA contains a codon that reads CGU, what anticodon on a tRNA would bind to this codon?

a)

CGU

b)

GCT

c)

GCA

d)

UCG

42.

If a section of DNA reads T G A, what amino acid will be added to the protein chain?

a)

Arginine

b)

Glutamic Acid

c)

Lysine

d)

Threonine

43.

Which sequence of bases would make up the complementary strand of the DNA below?

ATGTG

a)

ATGTG

b)

TACAC

c)

GTAAG

d)

CATTC

44.

This molecule is a ________

a)

tRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

mRNA

d)

xRNA

45.

This molecule's job is ....

a)

to create mRNA from DNA in the nucleus

b)

to fix errors in RNA whenever they occur

c)

to bring amino acids to the ribosome where a protein chain is forming

d)

To bind to RNA and remain bound until an entire chromosome has been coded

46.

A particular protein is supposed to be 1200 base pairs in length. A mutation in the DNA causes a STOP codon which stops the production of the protein after 325 amino acids. What type of mutation is this?

a)

missense

b)

nonsense

c)

silent

d)

premature

47.

Which type of mutation would likely cause the MOST change in a protein?

a)

A substitution

b)

An insertion of 3 base pairs

c)

A deletion of 1 base

48.

Which of these can cause DNA mutations?

a)

Some chemicals such as cigarette smoke

b)

UV radiation

c)

They occur naturally through aging

d)

All of these can cause mutations

49.

Which of the following would be considered a "frame-shift" mutation in DNA that should be TTA CCG ATA GAG

a)

TAA CCG ATA GAG (one base substitution)

b)

AAA DGC ATA GAG (two base substitution)

c)

TTA GCC GAT AGA G.. (one base insertion)

50.

The sides or "backbone" of DNA is made of

a)

base pairs

b)

sugars and phosphates

c)

hydrogen bonds

d)

hydrogen and oxygen

51.

A "missense" substitution causes a change in..

a)

one amino acid

b)

all amino acids

c)

no amino acids

52.

What process is shown here?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

DNA creation

53.

WHY would DNA need to replicate?

a)

When growth is occurring and new cells are needed

b)

When old cells are damaged and need to be replaced

c)

When reproduction occurs and the baby is growing

d)

All of the above

54.

When DNA "unzips" and makes a copy of itself using DNA polymerase, this process is called

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

Protein Synthesis

55.

Each piece of DNA created is 1/2 "old" and half "new" DNA. What is this called?

a)

Halfsies

b)

Semiconservative

c)

Split molecules

d)

Supercoiled

56.

Where is the arrow pointing?

a)

5' end

b)

3' end

57.

Purine or Pyrimidine?

a)

Purine

b)

Pyrimidine

58.

Purine or Pyrimidine?

a)

Purine

b)

Pyrimidine

59.

What enzyme UNZIPS the helix during DNA replication?

a)

Helicase

b)

Zipase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Ligase

60.

The DNA side that is created during replication using SHORT PIECES called Okazaki fragments is the

a)

leading strand

b)

lagging strand

c)

old strand

d)

A-T strand

61.

What enzyme unzips AND adds nucleotides during transcription?

a)

DNA helicase

b)

RNA polymerase

c)

Ribosomase

d)

tRNA

62.

A mutation that causes NO change in the resulting protein is a ______________ mutation.

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Silent

d)

Frame-shift

63.

Transcription happens in the _______________, Translation happens in the ________________

a)

Animal cell, Plant cell

b)

Cytoplasm, Nucleus

c)

Nucleus, Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria, Nucleus

64.

A small piece of DNA that will code for a protein is a ____________

a)

Centriole

b)

Gene

c)

Amino acid

d)

Nucleic Acid

65.

DNA is directional - one side 5' to 3', the other side 3' to 5'. This is called

a)

Ribosomal

b)

Parallel

c)

Mutated

d)

Antiparallel

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