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BMT I Unit 5 Emerging & Re-emerging Infectious Diseases

Total questions: 41

Worksheet time: 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

When analyzing the term antibiotic, the literal definition refers to the destroyer of:

a)

life

b)

protozoa

c)

viruses

d)

fungi

2.

The NIH, CDC and FDA are all divisions under which federal agency?

a)

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quallity (AHRQ)

b)

World Health Organization

c)

Health Resources and Services Administration

d)

US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

3.

A farmer reports that a cow on his farm began acting strangely and died a short time later. A brain tissue sample showed holes throughout the tissue. Which infectious agent is most likely responsible?

a)

helminth

b)

fungus

c)

protozoan

d)

prion

4.

Marcus has HIV and was recently diagnosed with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Which term best describes this new diagnosis?

a)

viral infection

b)

opportunistic infection

c)

septic infection

d)

congenital disorder

5.

A team of researchers is dispatched to South America to study the occurrence of the Zika virus within that region's population. What is this an example of?

a)

clinical research

b)

epidemiology studies

c)

applied research

d)

defined research

6.

Susan was bitten by an Anopheles mosquito and tested positive for malaria. What type of pathogen has caused this infection?

a)

bacterium

b)

prion

c)

protozoan

d)

virus

7.

Which statement is true about rabies?

a)

Rabies occurs through indirect contact, is typically spread from humans to animals, and is controlled through dog licensure

b)

Rabies occurs through indirect contact, is spread from wild to domestic animals, and is controlled through dog licensure

c)

Rabies occurs through direct contact, is typically spread from humans to animals, and is controlled through dog licensure

d)

Rabies occurs through direct contact, is typically spread from animals to humans, and is controlled through dog licensure

8.

What is the leading cause of death in underdeveloped countries?

a)

cancer

b)

heart disease

c)

diabetes

d)

infectious diseases

9.

Molly was diagnosed with trichinosis. How did Molly most likely acquire this disease?

a)

direct contact with contaminated body fluids

b)

eating under-cooked meat

c)

fecal-oral transmission

d)

drinking from the same glass as a contaminated individual

10.

Acyclovir, used commonly to treat shingles, herpes simplex, and chicken pox, is grouped into which drug category?

a)

antiviral medications

b)

antibiotic medications

c)

antifungal medications

d)

anticoagulant medications

11.

Which are symptoms of the West Nile virus?

a)

fever, headache, body aches, and continued fatigue weeks to months after exposure

b)

nausea and intense muscle pain due to larvae growth

c)

muscle cramps and depleted appetite due to infected tissues being eaten by the parasite

d)

muscle tension, fatigue and diarrhea

12.

Humans are the only organism affected by the measles virus. What role in the chain of infection do humans play in this cycle?

a)

infected

b)

diseased

c)

sanitary

d)

reservoir

13.

Requiring vaccinations to attend school helps create which type of preventative action for immunity?

a)

nonspecific

b)

passive

c)

natural

d)

herd

14.

Which pathogen is treated with medications that may be highly toxic to humans?

a)

virus

b)

bacterium

c)

fungus

d)

protozoan

15.

Tuberculosis is considered re-emerging because this infection has shown resistance to:

a)

vaccines

b)

antifungal medications

c)

antiparasitic medications

d)

antibiotic medications

16.

What is the mode of transmission for chicken pox, measles, and influenza?

a)

foodborne

b)

waterborne

c)

airborne

d)

bloodborne

17.

Which group of symptoms is most common for tuberculosis patients?

a)

cough (sometimes blood-tinged), weight loss, night sweats, and fever

b)

muscle weakness and high blood pressure

c)

nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

d)

severe muscle cramps and vomiting

18.

Once pathogens have entered the host, adhered to host cells, and invaded host tissues, what also occurs within the body prior to a disease being diagnosed?

a)

the pathogen inflicts damage on those tissues

b)

the pathogen adheres to those tissues

c)

the pathogen inhibits resistance on those tissues

d)

the pathogen repairs those tissues

19.

The WHO has identified measles and polio as the targeted diseases for global eradication. These diseases could one day:

a)

be the leading cause of death

b)

be cured with antibiotics

c)

be completely eliminated

d)

cause premature deaths

20.

A baby contracts herpes encephalitis during childbirth from the mother. Which mode of transmission best describes this viral transfer from a mother to her offspring?

a)

indirect contact

b)

vertical transmission

c)

horizontal transmission

d)

diagonal transmission

21.

Which level of law mandates sewage treatment?

a)

local

b)

county

c)

state

d)

federal

22.

A bacterial infection can be treated using what medical intervention?

a)

antifungal medication

b)

antiparasitic medication

c)

antibiotic medication

d)

viral medication

23.

Globally, what is the leading cause of death?

a)

heart disease

b)

infectious disease

c)

car accidents

d)

cancer

24.

Amelia was diagnosed with pneumonia and later developed a vaginal yeast infection. The yeast infection would be considered a/an:

a)

opportunistic infection

b)

bacterial infection

c)

viral infection

d)

nosocomial infection

25.

What public health measure to prevent infectious disease can decrease the occurrence of rabies?

a)

herd immunity

b)

animal control programs

c)

euthanization programs

d)

food safety programs

26.

Which microorganism has someone who develops Legionnaire's disease been exposed to?

a)

protozoa

b)

bacteria

c)

virus

d)

fungi

27.

Maria went swimming in a freshwater lake where snail larvae infected with Schistosoma are common. Maria later experiences a rash accompanied with diarrhea and abdominal pain. What is most likely causing these symptoms?

a)

fungi

b)

helminths

c)

prions

d)

protozoa

28.

Which disease has occurred throughout human history, but has only recently been recognized as a distinct disease due to the infection's potential to spread to the heart, joints and nervous system?

a)

HIV

b)

meningitis

c)

Lyme disease

d)

tuberculosis

29.

Milk pasteurization is an example of:

a)

animal control programs

b)

safe water programs

c)

food safety programs

d)

sewage treatment and disposal

30.

Why does the US not vaccinate against waterborne illnesses?

a)

these illnesses mostly exist in developing countries

b)

there are not enough vaccinations for everyone

c)

the vaccinations are not cost-effective

d)

the vaccinations are ineffective

31.

Some infections are not virulent. What is meant by this statement?

a)

the disease is not contagious

b)

the infections will cause symptoms in multiple people

c)

the disease cannot be treated

d)

the disease is not likely to spread and cause multiple people to get sick

32.

Which illness currently has an attenuated vaccination available?

a)

Lyme disease

b)

chicken pox

c)

mononucleosis

d)

HIV

33.

Cancer patients rely on the public to have what type of immunity to protect them from diseases?

a)

passive immunity

b)

active immunity

c)

herd immunity

d)

antibiotic immunity

34.

The last documented case of this illness was recorded in 1977; therefore, children within the US are no longer routinely vaccinated for which condition?

a)

measles

b)

smallpox

c)

whooping cough

d)

hepatitis B

35.

Which is the most common reservoir for the Clostridium tetani pathogen?

a)

fungi

b)

insects

c)

humans

d)

soil

36.

Natural defense mechanisms within the body include tears, saliva, and:

a)

mucous and nasal membrane secretions

b)

semen

c)

sweat

d)

urine

37.

Bacteria use which process to reproduce quickly?

a)

meiosis

b)

binary fusion

c)

translation

d)

binary fission

38.

The inflammatory response is a nonspecific defense mechanism which involves which signs and symptoms?

a)

joint swelling, lowering of body temperature and pain

b)

decreased swelling, lowering of body temperature and decrease in pain

c)

swelling, redness, elevated body temperature and pain

d)

redness, elevated body temperature and decrease in pain

39.

Rifampin is a medication commonly prescribed to treat:

a)

HIV

b)

tuberculosis

c)

ebola

d)

Lyme disease

40.

Which is most likely a reason for a decline in vaccination rates within the US over the past 10 years?

a)

increased criteria for patients in order to receive a vaccine

b)

fear that vaccines cause autism

c)

not enough doctors to administer vaccines

d)

a current shortage for specific vaccines

41.

The body's process of becoming resistant to a particular disease after acquiring the disease from a vaccination is termed:

a)

acquired active immunity

b)

passive immunity

c)

acquired immunity

d)

expanded immunity