the oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange takes place in the:

the letter "s" in the pneumonic PASTE refers to:

if carbon dioxide levels drop too low, the person automatically breathes:

in the level of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood rises above normal, the patient breathes:

inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea resulting in a "seal bark" is typically caused by:

the rate of breathing is typically increased when:

_______________is a sign of hypoxia to the brain

an obstruction to the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the capillaries may result from:

pulmonary edema can develop quickly after a major:

pulmonary edema may be produced by:

_______________is a loss of the elastic material around the air spaces as a result of chronic stretching of the alveoli

_______________is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system

which of the following signs and symptoms will help distinguish COPD from congestive heart failure?

a pneumothorax is a partial or complete accumulation of air in the:

asthma produces a characteristic _______________as patients attempt to exhale through partially obstructed air passages

an allergic response to certain foods or some other allergen may produce an acute:

in most cases, what is the treatment of choice for anaphylaxis?

a collection of fluid outside the lungs on one or both sides of the chest is called a:

always consider _______________in patients who were eating just before becoming short of breath

_____________is defined as overbreathing to the point that the level of arterial carbon dioxide falls below normal

which of the following is NOT an indication of inadequate breathing?

you respond to the home of a 78-year-old man having difficulty breathing. he is sitting at the kitchen table in a classic tripod position, wearing a nasal cannula. he is cyanotic, smoking, and has his shirt unbuttoned. his respirations are 30 breaths/min and shallow, his pulse rate is 110 beats/min, and his blood pressure is 136/88 mm Hg.

your first thought as an EMT should be to:

you respond to the home of a 78-year-old man having difficulty breathing. he is sitting at the kitchen table in a classic tripod position, wearing a nasal cannula. he is cyanotic, smoking, and has his shirt unbuttoned. his respirations are 30 breaths/min and shallow, his pulse rate is 110 beats/min, and his blood pressure is 136/88 mm Hg.

his brain stem senses the level of _______________in the arterial blood, causing the rapid respirations

you respond to the home of a 78-year-old man having difficulty breathing. he is sitting at the kitchen table in a classic tripod position, wearing a nasal cannula. he is cyanotic, smoking, and has his shirt unbuttoned. his respirations are 30 breaths/min and shallow, his pulse rate is 110 beats/min, and his blood pressure is 136/88 mm Hg.

proper management of this patient should include:

you respond to the home of a 78-year-old man having difficulty breathing. he is sitting at the kitchen table in a classic tripod position, wearing a nasal cannula. he is cyanotic, smoking, and has his shirt unbuttoned. his respirations are 30 breaths/min and shallow, his pulse rate is 110 beats/min, and his blood pressure is 136/88 mm Hg.

which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of his inadequate breathing?

you respond to the home of a 78-year-old man having difficulty breathing. he is sitting at the kitchen table in a classic tripod position, wearing a nasal cannula. he is cyanotic, smoking, and has his shirt unbuttoned. his respirations are 30 breaths/min and shallow, his pulse rate is 110 beats/min, and his blood pressure is 136/88 mm Hg.

what should you do during the reassessment of this patient?

which of the following is a question you would NOT typically ask during the history taking of a patient with dyspnea?

generic names for popular inhaled medications include:

contraindications to helping a patient self-administer a metered-dose inhaler include all of the following EXCEPT:

contraindications for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) include:

a prolonged asthma attack that is unrelieved by epinephrine may progress into a condition known as:

which of the following statements is FALSE regarding influenza?

pulse oximeters measure the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with:

an acute spasm of the smaller airways associated with excessive mucus production and swelling is a characteristic of:

chronic bronchitis is characterized by spasm and narrowing of the bronchioles due to exposure to allergies

with pneumothorax, the lung collapses because the negative vacuum pressure in the pleural space is lost

anaphylactic reactions occur only in patients with a previous history of asthma or allergies

decreased breath sounds in asthma occur because fluid in the pleural space has moved the lung away from the chest wall

patients with carbon monoxide poisoning initially complain of headache, fatigue, and nausea

pulmonary edema is commonly associated with congestive heart failure

the distinction between hyperventilation and hyperventilation syndrome is straightforward and should guide that EMT's treatment choices

COPD most often results from cigarette smoking

COPD is characterized by long inspiratory times

in cystic fibrosis, mucus becomes thick, sticky, and hard to move

when assessing a patient, the general impression will help you decide whether the patient's condition is stable or unstable

the pulse oximeter can help you determine the severity of the respiratory component of a patient's problem

oxygen is typically withheld from COPD patients regardless of their breathing status

side effects of inhalers used for acute shortness of breath include increased pulse rate, nervousness, and muscle tremors

patients who are hyperventilating should be treated by having them breathe into a paper bag

epiglottitis is more predominant in the adult population

an RSV infection can cause respiratory illnesses such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia

when assisting a patient with a small-volume nebulizer, the oxygen flowmeter should be set to 10 L/min

snoring sounds are indicative of a partial upper airway obstruction

signs and symptoms of pulmonary emboli include dyspnea, hemoptysis, and tachycardia

you have been assessing a 17-year-old girl in respiratory distress and you have just completed the secondary assessment. your next step is to:

you have been assessing a 17-year-old girl in respiratory distress and you have just completed the secondary assessment.

you have determined that the patient is hyperventilating. your emergency care would include:

you have been called to a patent who resides in a long-term care facility and who is having difficulty breathing. after assessing and treating life threats to the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation, your next step in this case is to:

during the reassessment, vital signs should be taken every _______________minutes for the unstable patient

during the reassessment, vital signs should be taken every _______________minutes for the stable patient