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Marine Science Chapter 7

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the most abundant form of Marine Life?

a)

Spiny Fish

b)

Marine Mammals

c)

Microorganisms

d)

Eukaryotic Organisms

2.

Which of the following is NOT a component of a Virus Structure?

a)

Short Chain of Genetic Material (RNA Strand)

b)

Capsid (Outer Protein Coating)

c)

Nucleocapsid

d)

Nucleus

3.

What is a unique feature of Retroviruses?

a)

They store their genetic information in the form of a single strand of RNA instead of the DNA double-helix most Viruses use.

b)

They are among the most ancient of Viruses

c)

They tend to be the largest types of Viruses

d)

They are very simple to develop therapeutic medications for.

4.

Viruses reproduce by:

a)

Mitotic cellular division, producing two identical daughter Viruses.

b)

By entering living cell and injecting their DNA into the cell and then using the cell's machinery to build new generations of viruses.

c)

Through Sexual Reproduction which creates genetically unique offspring with each successive generation.

d)

Recombination of RNA Nucleotide Sequences

5.

As Retroviruses replicate themselves, what ultimately happens to the hose cell?

a)

It bursts (Lyses),which frees the Viruses inside to go on to infect other cells.

b)

They shrivel, which frees the Viruses inside to go on to infect other cells.

c)

They immediately die off and the infection ceases with the life-cycle of the cell.

d)

They remain unaffected until the infection is neutralized.

6.

Viruses that specialize in infecting Bacteria are called _________Viruses

a)

Retroviruses

b)

Influenza Viruses

c)

Omega Viruses

d)

Bacteriophage Viruses

7.

True/False:


Marine Viruses are extremely common and abundant in aquatic ecosystems.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

Where are Virus concentrations the most abundant in Aquatic Ecosystems?

a)

Free-Floating in the Water Column

b)

Bottom Sediments

c)

Warm Shallow Areas

d)

Cooler, Deeper areas

9.

The abundance of Viruses in water is directly related to the abundance of Microbial Life in the water because:

a)

Viruses use that other Microbial Life to infect in order to reproduce.

b)

Viruses are out-competed by the other Microbes.

c)

Viruses are not related to the concentration of other microbes.

d)

None of the Above

10.

Unlike Viruses, Prokaryotes are

a)

Truly Living Organisms whereas Viruses are not.

b)

Are not responsible for causing any diseases whereas Viruses are.

c)

Have only recently appeared on the Evolutionary Scene.

d)

None of the Above

11.

Prokaryotes are Composed of Two (2) different Domains. These Domains are:

(Check All That Apply)

a)

Eukaryotes

b)

Sapiens

c)

Archaea

d)

Bacteria

12.

Bacteria Cell Walls are ___________and___________ in their structure.

a)

Porous, Fragile

b)

Rigid, Strong

c)

Rigid, Fragile

d)

Porous, Strong

13.

Metabolic Reaction that uses Chemicals as an energy source:

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Aerobic Respiration

c)

Chemosynthesis

d)

Nitrogen Fixation

14.

Metabolic Reaction that uses Light as an Energy Source:

a)

Chemosynthesis

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Light-Independent Reactions

d)

Krebs Cycle

15.

Dead Organic Matter is broken down by decay bacteria into:

a)

Red Tides

b)

Sediments

c)

Detritus

d)

None of the Above

16.

Bacteria are found in large numbers in:

a)

Open Water

b)

Underwater Sediments

c)

Water Column

d)

All the above

17.

Cyanobacteria were among the first _______________________on Earth.

a)

Multicellular

b)

Photosynthetic

c)

Eukaryotic

d)

Heterotrophic

18.

True/False

Some Red Tides are caused by Cyanobacteria which contain a red chlorophyll pigment.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

What is the term for Photosynthetic Organisms that Live On Plants or Algae?

a)

Endophytes

b)

Endothillic

c)

Hydrophillic

d)

Epiphytes

20.

What is the term for Photosynthetic Organisms that Live INSIDE algae

a)

Epiphytes

b)

Endothillic

c)

Endophytes

d)

None of the Above

21.

Cyanobacteria that live Inside calcereous rocks and coral skeletons are called:

a)

Endophytes

b)

Epiphytes

c)

Endothillic

d)

None of the Above

22.

True/False


Archaea are among the simplest, most primitive forms of life.

a)

True

b)

False

23.

True/False


Archaea are Bacteria

a)

True: Archaea are just another type of bacterial organism.

b)

False: Archaea are actually more similiar to Eukaryotes than Bacteria

24.

Archaea can be found in some of the most extreme Marine Environments such as:


(Check All That Apply)

a)

Salt Lakes

b)

Deep Water Trenches

c)

Hydro thermal Volcanic Vents

d)

Hot Sulfur Springs

25.

True/False


Unicellular Algae are Prokaryotic Organisms

a)

True: Algae are Prokaryotic

b)

False: Algae are Eukaryotic because their cells contain a nucleus.

26.

Protists are

a)

a group of simple prokaryotic species.

b)

a group of simple eukaryotic species (Including Unicellular Algae)

c)

a family of water-based plants

d)

None of the Above

27.

Diatoms are unicellular organisms with cell walls made from _________

a)

Protein

b)

Lipids

c)

Silica

d)

Carbohydrates

28.

Diatoms get their golden brown coloration from:

a)

The Brown Caratenoid pigments found in their chloroplasts.

b)

The sediments they live near.

c)

The silica cell walls.

d)

None of the Above

29.

Diatoms reproduce mostly via __________

a)

Cell Division (Asexual Reproduction)

b)

Sexual Reproduction

30.

Favorable conditions in water can create periods of rapid Diatom reproduction called__________________

a)

Blooms

b)

Cascades

c)

Epidemics

31.

Check all that Apply to Dinoflagellates

a)

Planktonic

b)

Unicellular

c)

Photosynthetic

d)

able to ingest food (Many)

e)

Have Two Flagella

32.

Dinoflagellates Reproduce by ______________

a)

Sexual Reproduction

b)

Simple Cell Division

33.

A very important group of Dinoflagellates that have a symbiotic relationship with Corals:

a)

Zooxanthellae

b)

Britney Spears

c)

Ariana Grande

d)

Cardi B

34.

Protozoans are Structurally Simple and Diverse ___________________organisms that are considered to have ___________ behavior.

a)

Prokaryotic, Plant-Like

b)

Eukaryotic, Plant-Like

c)

Prokaryotic, Animal-Like

d)

Eukaryotic, Animal-Like

35.

Foraminiferans are Marine Protozoans that:


(Check All That Apply)

a)

Have Shell of Calcium

b)

Live in the Benthic Zone of the Ocean

c)

Have Psedopodia (Extension of Cytoplasm)

d)

Are Important Contributors of Calcerous Materials on Corals

36.

Radiolarians are Marine Protozoans that are


(Check all That Apply)

a)

Planktonic

b)

Shells Made from Carbohydrates

c)

Shells Made of Silica

d)

Inhabit Open Water

e)

Lack Pseuodopodia

37.

Ciliates are Marine Protozoans that:


(Check All That Apply)

a)

Have Hair-Like Cilia used for locomotion

b)

Often found on Seweeds and Bottom Sediments

c)

Important part of the Open Water Microbial Food Web

d)

Have Shells made of Silica

38.

True/False


Fungi are Eukaryotic and (mostly) Multicellular

a)

True

b)

False

39.

True/False


Most fungi live in symbiosis with Green Algae and Cyanobacteria

a)

True

b)

False

40.

Lichens are composed of a organism that results from the symbiosis of a Green Algae and a

a)

Viruses

b)

Protozoans

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

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