WorksheetsAP Biology Semester 1 Final
Total questions: 204
Worksheet time: 4hrs 15mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
"The clouds are grey and ground is wet" is an example of what kind of data?
a)
Qualitative
b)
Quantitative
2.
Your teacher has asked you to explain the difference between quantitative and qualitative observations. Which statement is correct?
a)
Quantitative observations use numbers, qualitative uses the senses.
b)
Quantitative observations use the senses, qualitative uses numbers.
c)
Quantitative observations use measurement, qualitative uses numbers.
d)
Quantitative observations use colors, qualitative uses the senses.
3.
Steve wanted to see if the type of fertilizer made sunflowers grow larger. What is the independent variable
a)
Type of fertilizer
b)
Size of sunflower
c)
type of sun flower
4.
Molly investigated if the age of students caused them to be better drivers. What is the independent variable?
a)
Type of car
b)
Skill of driving
c)
Age of student
5.
Molly investigated if the age of students caused them to be better drivers. What is the dependent variable?
a)
Type of car
b)
Skill of driving
c)
Age of student
6.
Biology is the study of
a)
Life
b)
Oceans
c)
Land
d)
Soil
7.
This variable in an experiment is the one being deliberately changed by the scientist.
a)
dependent variable
b)
independent variable
c)
data
d)
control group
8.
A possible explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested.
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
9.
Which is not a characteristic of life?
a)
metabolism
b)
walking
c)
reproduction
d)
responds to stimuli
10.
This part of the experiment serves as a basis of comparison; the one variable being tested has been omitted.
a)
experimental group
b)
control group
c)
data
d)
variables
11.
What is the correct terminology for the null hypothesis?
a)
There is no significancee between the observed and expected values.
b)
There is significance between the estimated and expected values
c)
There is significance between the observed and calculated values
d)
There is no significance between the observed values and the alternative hypothesis.
12.
Which atom in H2O is the most electronegative?
a)
The oxygen
b)
The hydrogen
c)
Water is a nonpolar molecule
d)
The charges will constantly shift
13.
Which subatomic particles are located in the atomic nucleus?
a)
protons, electrons
b)
protons, neutrons
c)
electrons, neutrons
d)
protons, neutrons and electrons
14.
Which of the following is the strongest bond?
a)
covalent
b)
ionic
c)
van der Waals
d)
hydrogen
15.
All of the following are true about water EXCEPT
a)
Water has temperature stabilizing effects.
b)
Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms held to an oxygen atom by covalent bonds.
c)
Water is polar, due to the strong electronegative hydrogen atoms it contains.
d)
Water is a good solvent.
16.
All of the following represent organic molecules important to living things EXCEPT
a)
Water
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Lipids
d)
Proteins
17.
Which of the following is the molecular bond of water?
a)
ionic
b)
polar covalent
c)
nonpolar
d)
hydrogen bond
18.
Which types of molecules like to interact with water?
a)
hydrophilic
b)
hydrophobic
c)
nonpolar
19.
Which macromolecule group do steroids belong to?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
20.
What is the role of DNA in cells?
a)
energy storage
b)
enzymes
c)
hormone
d)
genetic material/codes for proteins
21.
Many plant leaves have an outer layer, called the waxy cuticle, that aids in the prevention of dehydration via transpiration. When water falls on the waxy cuticle, it immediately beads up and rolls off. Based on this information, what must be true of the waxy cuticle?
a)
It is amphiphilic.
b)
It hydrolyzes the water molecules.
c)
It is hydrophobic.
d)
It has catalytic properties.
22.
Many plant leaves have an outer layer, called the waxy cuticle, that aids in the prevention of dehydration via transpiration. When water falls on the waxy cuticle, it immediately beads up and rolls off. Based on this information, what must be true of the waxy cuticle?
a)
It is amphiphilic.
b)
It hydrolyzes the water molecules.
c)
It is hydrophobic.
d)
It has catalytic properties.
23.
Which of the following is a correct statement?
a)
Proteins are polymers in which the monomers are linked by peptide bonds.
b)
Sugar monomers form large carbohydrates through the process called hydrolysis.
c)
Lipids are polymers made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms.
d)
All nucleic acids exist as double strands.
24.
The process/reaction used to link compounds/monomers together. Releases water.
a)
Dehydration
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Enzomatic
d)
Tetratonic
25.
The monomer, building block, of carbohydrates; simple sugar
a)
Amino acid
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
Monosaccharide
26.
___________ are some functions of lipids.
a)
storing energy and cell membrane structure
b)
providing actin & providing myosin
c)
cellulose structure and digestive assistance
d)
storing & transferring genetic info
27.
Which property makes water molecules stick to other water molecules?
a)
adhesion
b)
cohesion
c)
capillary action
d)
polarity
28.
Which macromolecule is shown?
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
29.
Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are they?
a)
Bacteria & Protista
b)
Bacteria & Archaea
c)
Bacteria & Eukarya
d)
Archaea & Protista
30.
Which statement is correct about diffusion?
a)
It's very rapid over long distances.
b)
It's a passive process which molecules move from a region of higher to lower concentration.
c)
It requires an energy expenditure by the cell.
d)
It's an active process where molecules move from a region of lower to higher concentration.
31.
White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?
a)
pinocytosis
b)
osmosis
c)
phagocytosis
d)
exocytosis
32.
The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant and optimal internal environment is termed
a)
estivation.
b)
homeostasis.
c)
physiological chance.
d)
static equilibrium.
33.
Active transport is happening in
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D nowhere in this pricture
34.
This organelle is the cell's clean up crew, helping to keep the cytoplasm clear of unwanted debris.
a)
Vesicles
b)
Lysosomes
c)
Vacuoles
d)
Peroxisomes
35.
What is the organelle used in cellular respiration and converts glucose sugar to ATP?
a)
Golgi Apparatus
b)
ER
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondria
36.
What is the boundary of the cell that is made of phosolipid?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Chlroplast
c)
Nucleus
d)
Cell Membrane
37.
All cells have these parts.
a)
cell wall, genetic material, cytoplasm
b)
ribosomes, cell membrane, genetic material
c)
cytoplasm, cell membrane, genetic material
d)
cell membrane, genetic material, nucleoid
38.
Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?
a)
CO2
b)
an amino acid
c)
starch
d)
glucose
39.
When cells are placed in a __________ solution they begin to swell.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
Equalized
40.
In an isotonic solution, the NET flow of water is
a)
into the cell.
b)
out of the cell.
c)
there is no net flow of water.
41.
In a solution, salt is considered the _______.
a)
solvent
b)
solute
c)
solution
42.
Which of the following correctly describes how enzymes work?
a)
they lower the energy of the reactants to increase the rxn rate
b)
they supply energy to the reaction to increase the rxn rate
c)
they lower the energy of the products to increase the rxn rate
d)
they lower the activation energy of the reaction to increase the rxn rate
43.
Enzymes are made up of these repeating monomers.
a)
monosaccharides
b)
amino acids
c)
nucleotides
d)
phospholipids
44.
The part of the enzyme that the substrate bonds to is called the _____.
a)
active site
b)
activation energy
c)
bond site
d)
peptide bond
45.
The energy needed to start a reaction
a)
activation energy
b)
adhesion energy
c)
chemical energy
d)
cohesion energy
46.
Where does glycolysis occur?
a)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
b)
Mitochondrial Matrix
c)
Cytosol
d)
At a ribosome
47.
How many ATP are gained through glycolysis?
a)
0
b)
2
c)
4
d)
30-38
48.
Which molecule enters Kreb's Cycle?
a)
Pyruvate
b)
Glucose
c)
Acetyl CoA
d)
reducing powers
49.
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen and lactic acid
b)
carbon dioxide and water
c)
glucose and oxygen
d)
water and glucose
50.
Which process does not occur in aerobic conditions?
a)
Fermentation
b)
Pyruvate Oxidation
c)
Citric Acid Cycle or Krebs cycle
d)
Oxidative Phosphorylation
51.
Glucose is broken down into pyruvate in a process known as
a)
glycolysis
b)
electron transport
c)
the Krebs cycle
d)
phosphorylation
52.
What is cellular respiration?
a)
the breakdown of glucose to release ATP
b)
the breakdown of glucose to release NADH
c)
the breakdown of glucose to release FADH
d)
the breakdown of glucose to release carbon
53.
Which of these molecules is released during the Kreb's cycle
a)
nitrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
hydrogen sulfide
d)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
54.
During chemiosmosis
a)
H+ ions serve as the final electron acceptor
b)
a concentration gradient is generated when H+ ions are passively transported from the matrix to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion
c)
energy is released as H+ ions move freely across the mitochondrial membrane
d)
ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase
55.
What are the stages of cellular respiration in order?
a)
glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, the citric acid cycle
b)
oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle
c)
glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
d)
the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis
56.
Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Citric Acid Cycle
57.
How is cellular respiration related to photosynthesis?
a)
Both require oxygen to start
b)
respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis
c)
Both start with glycolysis
d)
Both end with 38 ATP for cells
58.
The expression "feel the burn" means that a person exercising is doing
a)
lactic acid fermentation
b)
alcoholic fermentation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
aerobic respiration
59.
What is the function of NADP+?
a)
It absorbs light
b)
It is an electron carrier
c)
It is a light-reflecting pigment
d)
It acts as long-term energy storage
60.
Where does the carbon come from that is used to form glucose?
a)
The soil
b)
CO2 in the air
c)
From other carbohydrates
d)
Calvin Cycle
61.
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
a)
regenerate
ATP for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis
b)
produce carbon dioxide for use in the light
reactions of photosynthesis
c)
produce oxygen by oxidizing water
d)
produce simple sugars from carbon dioxide
62.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
b)
6CO2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O --> O2
c)
6O2 + 6H2O --> 6CO2 + C6H12O6
d)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2
63.
The main source of energy for all life comes from ____.
a)
the Earth
b)
the moon
c)
the sun
d)
the food we eat/make
64.
__________ is a stack of thylakoids
a)
Granum
b)
Stomata
c)
Stroma
d)
Chloroplast
65.
Why do cells go through cell division
a)
Growth
b)
Reproduction
c)
Repair
d)
All of the above
66.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need bacteria
d)
They need insulin
67.
A(n) _____ is a virus that enters a bacterial cell.
a)
endospore
b)
decomposer
c)
plasmid
d)
bacteriophage
68.
Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing?
a)
lytic
b)
mitosis
c)
lysogenic
d)
S phase
69.
Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant while the host cell reproduces?
a)
lytic
b)
mitosis
c)
lysogenic
d)
S phase
70.
Reasons that viruses are considered to be nonliving is because
a)
They are not cellular
b)
They cannot reproduce on their own
c)
They cannot make proteins
d)
all of the above
71.
What is a pathogen?
a)
Bacteria
b)
Virus
c)
Type of disease infection
d)
Protist
72.
How do viruses reproduce?
a)
They copy their own genetic material inside a protein coat.
b)
They kill a cell and reproduce inside it
c)
They invade a living cell and use the cell's functions to replicate their genetic material
d)
They do not reproduce because they are not technically living things
73.
What are the two parts of a virus?
a)
DNA and a protein coat (capsid)
b)
Nucleic Acid and a Nucleus
c)
Cell membrane and mitochondria
d)
Chloroplast and a cell wall
74.
What does a vaccine do?
a)
Gives you immunity
b)
Gets you sick
c)
Cures you
d)
Kills you
75.
Infectious disease spread in a small region is called a __________
a)
Infectious disease
b)
Mutation
c)
Epidemic
d)
Pandemic
76.
An outbreak of a disease that can go worldwide.
a)
Pandemic
b)
Epidemic
c)
Pathogen
d)
Virus
77.
A syndrome caused by HIV. It is when a person's immune system is too weak to fight off many infections
a)
AIDS
b)
SARS
c)
Ebola
d)
Zika
78.
A type of medicine used to treat (cure) bacterial infections.
a)
ibuprofen
b)
vaccines
c)
antibiotics
d)
pills
79.
What is the single most effective way to break the chain of infection?
a)
handwashing
b)
sterilization
c)
cleaning surfaces
d)
nutrition
80.
Bacteria reproduce asexually by
a)
spores
b)
conjugation
c)
fixation
d)
binary fission
81.
Name this bacteria shape
a)
bacillus
b)
coccus
c)
spirillum
82.
The region inside the cell membrane of a bacterium
a)
bacteria
b)
endospore
c)
cytoplasm
d)
decomposers
83.
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
a)
absorbs green light.
b)
absorbs violet light.
c)
reflects green light.
d)
does not absorb violet light.
84.
The reactants of photosynthesis are
a)
sugar and water.
b)
sugar and oxygen.
c)
carbon dioxide, water, and light
d)
carbon dioxide and oxygen.
85.
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
86.
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur?
a)
thylakoid membrane
b)
stroma
c)
mesophyll
d)
mitochondria
87.
What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
To produce glucose
b)
To produce NADPH and ATP
c)
To use ATP
d)
To produce RuBP
88.
Use the diagram to answer the question. Between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
A and C
c)
B and C
d)
C and D
89.
How many sugar molecules are produced from every six molecules of carbon dioxide that enter the Calvin cycle?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
6
d)
12
90.
Which of the following is a drawback of performing fermentation?
a)
Short lived (about 30 seconds)
b)
Lactic acid causes muscle pain
c)
Doesn't produce enough ATP for sustained activity
d)
All of the options are drawbacks
91.
Which stage of cellular respiration is anaerobic?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Kreb's Cycle
c)
Electron Transport Chain
92.
Where do H+ ions build up to create a proton gradient?
a)
In the mitochondrial matrix
b)
In the chloroplast stroma
c)
In the mitochondrial intermembrane space
d)
In the thylakoid disks
93.
Which of the following molecules acts as a final electron acceptor in the ETC?
a)
H+
b)
NADH & FADH2
c)
H20
d)
0xygen
94.
Used for short term (quick) energy.
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
95.
Provides long term energy and insulation,
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
96.
Contains DNA and RNA
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
97.
Contains a phosphate, sugar and nitrogen base
a)
nucleic acid
b)
lipid
c)
carbohydrate
d)
protein
98.
Building blocks of the body, hair , muscles etc.
a)
protein
b)
nucleic acid
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
99.
Is found in the cell membrane as a bilayer.
a)
lipids
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
100.
Identify the macromolecule in the picture
*GLUCOSE
*GLUCOSE
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
101.
Identify the macromolecule in the picture.
* look at the R.....
* look at the R.....
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
102.
Identify the macromolecule in the picture
* cholesterol and triglycerides
* cholesterol and triglycerides
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
lipid
d)
nucleic acid
103.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
104.
The element _______is found in all of the organic compounds.
a)
Iron
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Oxygen
105.
_________ are composed out of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P)
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
106.
DNA and RNA are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
107.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
108.
Monosaccharides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
109.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
110.
Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
111.
The organic compounds that have many structural purposes and are used in many processes within the
cell are called ____________________.
cell are called ____________________.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
112.
Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 1 (if not visible)
View Figure 1 (if not visible)
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
113.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
store genetic information
b)
store energy (long-term)
c)
store energy (short-term)
d)
build skin, hair, nails, muscles
114.
Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 2 (if not visible)
View Figure 2 (if not visible)
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
115.
Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 3 (if not visible)
View Figure 3 (if not visible)
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
116.
Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 4 (if not visible)
View Figure 4 (if not visible)
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
117.
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Lipid
d)
Nucleic Acid
118.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
119.
Carbohydrates are made of...
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
120.
Lipids are made of...
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
121.
Proteins are made of...
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
122.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
123.
This is one job proteins do NOT have in the body
a)
insulation
b)
structure for tissues and organs
c)
speed up chemical reactions
d)
transport things through cell membrane
124.
Which macromolecule is made of simple and complex sugars?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
125.
What are the four macromolecules?
a)
proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids
b)
monosaccharides, lipids, polysaccaharides, and proteins
c)
RNA, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates
d)
proteins, DNA, RNA, and steroids
126.
All of the following are examples of lipids except:
a)
oil
b)
wax
c)
fatty acid
d)
cellulose
127.
What suffix (word ending) is used in the names of most carbohydrates?
a)
-ase
b)
-nic
c)
-ose
d)
-yme
128.
Monomer is to Macrocolecule like ___ is to ____
a)
Building is to Bricks.
b)
Brick is to Building.
c)
Carpenter is to Building.
d)
Building is to Carpenter.
129.
What type of macromolecule is being represented in this image?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
130.
What is the building block of a lipid?
a)
monosaccharide
b)
nucleic acid
c)
fatty acid
d)
amino acid
131.
Which macromolecule is this?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
132.
Photosynthesis involves the production of sugar and oxygen. Select the drawing that shows a carbohydrate that is formed in photosynthesis.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
133.
What is the correct name of the macromolecule in the diagram below and what is its correct function?
a)
Nucleic acid/ Storage of energy
b)
Protein/ Formation of enzymes
c)
Nucleic acid/ Contains genetic information
d)
Lipid/ Water soluble membranes
134.
The following is a diagram of the product of protein synthesis. This protein is a chain of a certain molecule. The molecule labeled Z is most likely classified as
a)
Amino acid
b)
Polypeptide
c)
Glycerol
d)
Sugar
135.
Which of the following is a lipid?
a)
cholesterol
b)
cellulose
c)
glucose
d)
protein
136.
What molecule is used for LONG term energy storage?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
protiens
d)
nucleic acid
137.
Why is carbon a good atomic backbone for macromolecules?
a)
It has one valence electron.
b)
It has four valence electrons.
c)
It has extra protons.
d)
It has fewer neutrons.
138.
Capillary action is the result of adhesion. Which aspect of water is responsible for this?
a)
Nonpolar covalent bonds that enable water to dissolve other substances
b)
Polar covalent bonds that join molecules of water to other substances
c)
Hydrogen bonds between water and another substance
d)
Ionic bonds that enable electrons to flow through water and into another substance
139.
Which of the following properties of water enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
a)
Water expands as it freezes.
b)
Water is an excellent solvent.
c)
Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
d)
Water moderates temperature.
140.
What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent that it is often called the "universal solvent?"
a)
Purity
b)
Polarity and cohesion
c)
High heat capacity
d)
Expansion upon freezing
141.
Large bodies of water do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. Why?
a)
Water is a solvent.
b)
Water has a high heat capacity.
c)
Water acts as a buffer.
d)
Water is non-polar.
142.
Water striders can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, but they do not break the surface. Why?
a)
The insects are light enough so they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
b)
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water’s surface and they only skim it with their feet.
c)
The insect’s feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water’s surface.
d)
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
143.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
144.
Why can water have no net charge but have slight charges in different parts of the molecule?
a)
The oxygen end is slightly negative and the hydrogen end is slightly positive
b)
The hydrogen end is slightly negative and the oxygen end is slightly positive
c)
The hydrogen and oxygen ends change in polarity
d)
Because it is hydrophobic
145.
Why does water move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
a)
Water is pushed by solutes
b)
Capillary action pulls the water molecules like a chain
c)
Water is pulled by gravity
d)
Water’s cohesion causes it to “pull” towards the leaves
146.
Attractions between water molecules are called
a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Ionic bonds
c)
Polar bonds
d)
Hydrogen bonds
147.
Which is NOT a unique property of water?
a)
Frozen water floats on liquid water.
b)
Water covers most of the Earth’s surface and retains a large amount of heat.
c)
Water molecules stick to each other through hydrogen bonds.
d)
Water cools very rapidly.
148.
Why does ice float?
a)
As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.
b)
As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
c)
As water freezes, air becomes trapped between the hydrogen bonds of water molecules.
d)
As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
149.
Water is polar because...
a)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.
b)
The molecule has two poles, at which the it is colder than other regions of the molecule.
c)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its hydrogen atoms and a slight positive charge near its oxygen atom.
d)
The water molecule is neutral.
150.
NADH + H+ -> NAD+ is
a)
Oxidation
b)
Reduction
151.
NAD+ is
a)
A vitamin
b)
The reduced form of a oenzyme required for glycolysis
c)
Oxidized form of a coenzyme required for the Kreb's cycle
d)
All of the above
152.
Substrate level Phosphorylation ( SLP) occurs via
a)
ATP synthase
b)
Kreb's cycle
c)
ETC
d)
All of the above
153.
T/F Fermentation requires O2
a)
True
b)
False
154.
One pyruvate molecule (converted to acetyl CoA) results in the synthesis of how much ATP in the Kreb's cycle?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
0
155.
The conversion of pyruvate to lactate results in
a)
1 ATP
b)
Acetyl CoA
c)
The regeneration of FAD
d)
The regeneration of NAD+
156.
In a cell that carries out fermentation, 1 Molecule of glucose is used to generate
a)
1 ATP
b)
2 ATP
c)
0 ATP
d)
38 ATP
157.
True of Gram positive bacteria
a)
Thick cell wall
b)
Stain red with gram stain
c)
Thin cell wall
d)
Escherichia coli is an example
158.
True of Gram negative bacteria
a)
Thin cell wall
b)
Stain blue with gram stain
c)
Thick cell wall
d)
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an example
159.
This renders some bacteria to withstand or survive drying, heat and chemicals.
a)
Spores
b)
Plasmids
c)
Flagellate
d)
Cell wall
160.
How many phosphates does ATP have?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
161.
How does ATP release energy?
a)
breaking the bond between the 1st and 2nd phosphate
b)
making glucose
c)
breaking the bond between the last 2 phosphates
162.
What are the products of the Krebs cycle?
a)
Citric acid
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
2 ATP
d)
water
163.
What are the products of the electron transport chain (ETC)?
a)
32-34 ATP
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
164.
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC?
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
phosphorus
c)
oxygen
d)
glucose
165.
How many total ATP is made from aerobic respiration (glycolysis + Krebs + ETC)?
a)
2 - 4
b)
10 - 12
c)
32 - 34
d)
36 - 38
166.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
167.
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
a)
reducing the number of products
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants
168.
What is structure A?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
169.
What is structure D?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
170.
What is structure C?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
171.
How do enzymes speed up chemical reaction?
a)
Increasing activation energy
b)
Decreasing activation energy
c)
Increasing deactivation energy
d)
Decreasing deactivation energy
172.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
173.
Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site. What is this called?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
174.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
175.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
176.
What is the name for the mechanism of enzyme activity?
a)
Lock and key
b)
jigsaw puzzle
c)
hammer and nail
d)
two hands pattern
177.
The "lock and key hypothesis" attempts to explain the mechanism of?
a)
Vacuole formation
b)
Pinocytosis
c)
Sharing of electrons
d)
Enzyme specificity
178.
The current model of enzyme action is referred to as the...
a)
Induced Fit Model
b)
Lock & Key Model
c)
Singer-Nicolson Model
d)
Davson-Danielli Model
179.
When you step out into the cold, your body shivers in order to keep its temperature at 98.6F.
a)
All living things use energy
b)
All living things contain cells
c)
All living things maintain homeostasis
d)
All living things grow
180.
Green plants produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis.
a)
All living things use energy
b)
All living things contain cells
c)
All living things maintain homeostasis
d)
All living things grow
181.
A baby song bird hatches from its egg with both parent songbirds watching.
a)
All living things reproduce
b)
All living things maintain homeostasis
c)
All living things use energy
d)
All living things grow
182.
A camel has eyelashes that work to keep the dust and sand out of its eyes.
a)
All living things adapt to their environment
b)
All living things grow
c)
All living things have cells
d)
All living things use energy
183.
A caterpillar hibernates in a cocoon and emerges as a butterfly.
a)
All living things adapt to their environment
b)
All living things use energy
c)
All living things respond to their environment
d)
All living things grow
184.
An amoeba is a unicellular organism. Which characteristic of life is this?
a)
All living things use energy
b)
All living things contain cells
c)
All living things respond to their environment
d)
All living things grow
185.
A tulip opens in the morning at sunrise and closes in the evening at sunset.
a)
All living things have cells
b)
All living things use energy
c)
All living things respond to their environment
d)
All living things grow
186.
A cat is an organism that has a respiratory system that contains lungs and a trachea.
a)
All living things contain cells
b)
All living things maintain homeostasis
c)
All living things have different levels of organization
d)
All living things grow
187.
Where is the DNA found in a prokaryotic cell?
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm
b)
in the nucleus
188.
The picture illustrates a
a)
Prokaryotic Plant Cell
b)
Prokaryotic Animal Cell
c)
Eukaryotic Plant Cell
d)
Eukaryotic Animal Cell
189.
control, read, and direct the cell using DNA instructions
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
lysosome
190.
Controls what enters/leaves a cell
a)
cell membrane
b)
Nuclear membrane
c)
cell wall
d)
cytoplasm
191.
stiff, protective outer layer of plant cells
a)
cell membrane
b)
nuclear membrane
c)
cell wall
d)
cytoplasm
192.
Amino acids link together to form proteins. In which organelle would this process occur?
a)
Lysosome
b)
Ribosome
c)
Centriole
d)
Mitochondria
193.
packages proteins for delivery
a)
Endoplasmic reticulum
b)
ribosomes
c)
golgi apparatus
d)
lysosomes
194.
collect sunlight which it converts to sugars
a)
chloroplasts
b)
cytoplasm
c)
cell wall
d)
mitochondria
195.
hold/store water, mainly found in plant cells
a)
nuclolus
b)
ribosomes
c)
golgi bodies
d)
vacuoles
196.
break down (digest) worn out cell parts, mostly in animal cells
a)
cytoplasm
b)
lysosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuoles
197.
jello-like material, fills the space between cell organelles, is where many chemical reactions occur
a)
cytoplasm
b)
chromatin
c)
chloroplast
d)
cell membrane
198.
Transportation network for the cell, moves materials around in the cell
a)
Lysosome
b)
Nuclear Membrane
c)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Centriole
199.
What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
200.
What am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
golgi apparatus
201.
Using this image, what organelle is C?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Large Cell Vacuole
d)
Chloroplast
202.
I store water in both plant and animal cells. What am I?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
ribosomes
c)
vacuole
d)
lysosomes
203.
What does this organism use for movement?
a)
Pseudopod
b)
Cilia
c)
Flagella
d)
legs
204.
What does this organism use for movement?
a)
Pseudopod
b)
Cilia
c)
Flagella
d)
legs
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