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Envionmental Q2 review

Total questions: 117

Worksheet time: 2hrs 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
"Energy Star," "USDA Organic," and "Fair Trade Certified" are all examples of:
a)
Ecolabelling
b)
Ecosystems
c)
Non-Market Values
d)
Market Failure
2.
In making environmental policies, government interacts with:
a)
Organizations
b)
Businesses
c)
Citizens
d)
All of the above
3.
A law that prohibits dumping wastes into the ocean and punishes people who dump wastes demonstrates which approach to environmental policy?
a)
Green Tax
b)
Command-and-Control
c)
Cap-and-Trade
d)
Subsidy
4.
TRUE or FALSE: All economies depend on the environment.
a)
True
b)
False
5.
TRUE or FALSE: In the United States, the strength of environmental policy is constant from state to state.
a)
True
b)
False
6.

What is Environmental Science?

a)

The study of how living things interact with each other and their nonliving environment

b)

the study of the impact of humans on the environment.

c)

The practice of growing, breeding, and caring for plants and animals that are used for food, clothing , housing, transportation, and other purposes.

7.

What is Ecology?

a)

The study of how living things interact with each other and their nonliving environment

b)

the study of the impact of humans on the environment.

c)

Any natural material that is used by humans

8.

What is Agriculture?

a)

The study of how living things interact with each other and their nonliving environment

b)

Any natural material that is used by humans

c)

The practice of growing, breeding, and caring for plants and animals that are used for food, clothing , housing, transportation, and other purposes.

9.

What is a Natural Resource?

a)

an undesired change in air, water, or soil that adversely affects the health, survival, or activities of humans or other organisms

b)

Any natural material that is used by humans

c)

refers to the number and variety of species that live in an area

10.

What is Biodiversity?

a)

refers to the number and variety of species that live in an area

b)

Any natural material that is used by humans

c)

an undesired change in air, water, or soil that adversely affects the health, survival, or activities of humans or other organisms

11.

What is ecological footprint?

a)

the condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive indefinitely.

b)

the greater the demand for a limited supply of something, the more that thing is worth

c)

the productive area of Earth needed to support one person in a particular country

12.

What is Sustainability?

a)

the condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive indefinitely.

b)

the greater the demand for a limited supply of something, the more that thing is worth

c)

extinction

13.

Is oil renewable or non-renewable?

non-renewable

a)

renewable

b)

nonrenewable

14.

Is wheat renewable or non-renewable?

a)

renewable

b)

non-renewable

15.
Which of the following are considered part of the environment?
a)
forest
b)
people
c)
buildings
d)
all of these
16.
A natural resource that is naturally formed much more slowly than we use it is called
a)
sustainable
b)
ecological
c)
nonrenewable
d)
renewable
17.
A person holding a sign during a protest against cutting down trees in a forest would be considered  a(n)
a)
environmental scientist
b)
peer reviewer
c)
ecological footprint
d)
environmentalist
18.
Which statement about changes in scientific thought is correct?
a)
Changes in scientific thought are usually rapid and drastic
b)
Scientific thought and interpretations can never change over time
c)
Changes in scientific thought demonstrate a key strength of science: the ability to self-correct and improve
d)
Changes in scientific thought show that the general public cannot rely on science
19.
Which of the following is an example of a renewable natural resource?
a)
Copper
b)
Crude Oil
c)
Coal
d)
Waver Energy
20.
Which statement about science is true?
a)
It asserts that although the boiling point of water is 100 C today, it may be different in the future
b)
It deals mostly with things in the synthetic or unnatural world
c)
It attempts to explain the mysteries of the supernatural world
d)
It assumes that the natural world works according to rules that do not change unpredictably
21.
_____  is a branch of philosophy that involves the study of society’s morals and principles.
a)
Justice
b)
Anthropocentrism
c)
Environmentalism
d)
Ethics
22.
A(n) _____ is a testable idea that attempts to explain a phenomenon or answer a scientific  question.
a)
Controlled Experiment
b)
Sustainable Source
c)
Hypothesis
d)
Theory
23.
Scientists work exclusively in the ______.
a)
Supernatural world
b)
Natural world
c)
Experimental world
d)
True World
24.
_____  is the study of how the natural world works, how our environment affects us, and how we  affect our environment.
a)
Environmentalism
b)
Ecocentrism
c)
Environmental science
d)
Biocentrism
25.
A human-centered view of our relationship with the environment is known as
a)
Biocentrism
b)
Ecocentrism
c)
Anthropocentrism
d)
Environmentalism
26.
A negative feedback loop has an end goal of ___________________.
a)
stability
b)
happiness
c)
destabilization
d)
creating a domino effect
27.

What sphere is made up of all the rock above and below Earth's surface?

a)

biosphere

b)

geosphere

c)

atmosphere

d)

hydrosphere

28.
Humans are a part of which sphere?
a)
hydrosphere
b)
biosphere
c)
atmosphere
d)
geosphere
29.
What does a topographic map show?
a)
earth’s magnetic fields
b)
tectonic plate boundaries
c)
3D features of land
d)
stuff
30.
The thin layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin both on dry land and in the ocean is called Earth’s __________________.
a)
core. 
b)
crust.
c)
mantle. 
d)
asthenosphere.
31.
What are the layers of gases surrounding our planet called?
a)
geosphere
b)
biosphere 
c)
atmosphere
d)
hydrosphere
32.
What function does carbon dioxide play in Earth’s atmosphere?
a)
It provides gas for humans to breathe.
b)
It provides a high level of protection from the sun’s radiation.
c)
It keeps Earth warm through the greenhouse effect.
d)
 It provides liquids for animals to drink.
33.
Oceans, polar ice caps, and groundwater would all be considered part of
Earth’s _________________
a)
hydrosphere
b)
geosphere
c)
atmosphere
d)
biosphere
34.

Carrying capacity....

a)

the maximum population growth rate under ideal conditions

b)

the change in the population size per individual per unit time.

c)

the maximum population size that can be supported by an ecosystem.

d)

the members of a species that live in an ecosystem and have the potential to reproduce.

35.
If you have a lot of offspring but do not provide parental care you are described as...
a)
K- selected
b)
r- selected
c)
Q- selected
d)
w- Selected
36.
A population is...
a)
A group of one species in one area
b)
Multiple species that live in one area
c)
All of the living and nonliving things in an area
d)
None of these
37.
Which kind of growth does the human population follow? It is described as a J-shaped curve.
a)
Exponential Growth
b)
Logistic Growth
c)
Outstanding Growth
d)
Minimal Growth
38.
What is the carrying capacity of the following graph?
a)
1000
b)
8000
c)
800
d)
600
39.
Which kind of dispersion is #1?
a)
clumped
b)
random
c)
uniform
40.
Refer to the diagram of the survivorship curve.
Which curve best describes an organism that invests a lot of energy in parenting?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
this is not a survivorship curve
41.
Which survivorship curve represents a species where most of the individuals live through their lives and die of old age?
a)
Type 1
b)
Type 2
c)
Type 3
42.
What factor describes when populations decrease because animals are moving out of a population?
a)
Emigration
b)
Limiting Factors
c)
Immigration
d)
Exponential Growth
43.
Which limiting factor would increase due to the number of individuals in a population?
a)
Unusual weather
b)
Natural disaster
c)
Births
d)
Disease
44.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

45.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

46.

As a population of a species increases within a territory, which of the following most likely also increases?

a)

Immigration

b)

Food supply

c)

Carrying capacity

d)

Competition

47.

Which equation correctly includes migration to measure population growth?

a)

(Births-deaths) +/- migration

b)

(Births-deaths)/migration

c)

(Births-deaths) = migration

d)

(Births-deaths) x migration

48.
What factor describes when populations increase because animals are moving into a population?
a)
Emigration
b)
Limiting Factors
c)
Immigration
d)
Exponential Growth
49.
symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed 
a)
secondary succession 
b)
predation
c)
pioneer species 
d)
parasitism
50.
relationship in which two species live closely together
a)
resource
b)
mutualism
c)
succession
d)
symbiosis
51.
a relationship between two in which the predator feeds on the prey
a)
chemosynthesis
b)
predation
c)
cellular respiration 
d)
commensalism
52.
symbiotic relationship in which one organisms benefits and the other organism is not affected
a)
invasive (non-native) species
b)
mutualism 
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
commensalism
53.
Many members of one species in an area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
54.
Where an organism lives
a)
habitat
b)
niche 
c)
heterotrogh
d)
biosphere
55.
Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem
a)
biotic factor
b)
abiotic factor
c)
food chain 
d)
biome
56.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
57.
organisms that relies on other organisms for food; consumer
a)
herbivore
b)
decomposer
c)
heterotroph
d)
species
58.
Populations of different organisms living in an area
a)
species
b)
community
c)
niche
d)
biome
59.
Organisms move away from an area
a)
Competition
b)
Predation
c)
Emigration
d)
Immigration
60.
__________ is the role played by (occupation or profession) and the address of a particular species in its ecosystem;
a)
niche
b)
habitat
c)
distribution
d)
ecosystem
61.
which symbiosis is this 
a)
parasitism 
b)
mutualism
c)
commensalism
d)
nonalism 
62.
Which organism is the top predator in this food web?
a)
leopard seal
b)
killer whale
c)
elephant seal
d)
crabeater seal
63.
Name the producers in this food web.
a)
seagull and fish
b)
penguin and crab
c)
phytoplankton and seaweed
d)
seaweed and zooplankton
64.
All energy on Earth ultimately comes from what source?
a)
Water
b)
Sun
c)
Consumers
d)
Oxygen
65.
An organism that uses sunlight to create its own food is known as a:
a)
Producer
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Decomposer
66.
What does a food chain represent?
a)
How all living organisms within a habitat are connected.
b)
All of the things that a particular animal eats.
c)
How plants create their own food.
d)
A single path of energy transfer within a habitat.
67.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
68.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
69.
What is a trophic level?
a)
Each level represented within a food chain or web.
b)
Levels of ecosystems that the world is divided into.
c)
Different levels of nutrients present within an organism.
d)
The levels of sunlight an autotroph needs to survive. 
70.
How much energy is available to be passed on to the next trophic level in an ecosystem?
a)
100%
b)
10%
c)
50%
d)
75%
71.
An energy pyramid represents what?
a)
How much sunlight is available for the ecosystem to use. 
b)
How much energy a particular organism needs. 
c)
How much energy is needed to build a pyramid. 
d)
The amount of energy available to the next 'feeder' in a food web.
72.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
73.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
74.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
ecological succession
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
75.
What is the goal of the pioneer species in Primary Succession?
a)
To kill the dead materials after a disaster
b)
To rebuild soil
c)
To feed Johnny
d)
To put fresh oxygen into the air
76.
The picture shows what type of succession?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quadanary
77.
What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
volunteer species
c)
founder species
d)
conqueror species
78.
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
a)
Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees
b)
Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses
c)
Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees
d)
Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees
79.
What is the correct order from oldest (happened first) to youngest (happened last) in this pond succession?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
D, C, B, A
c)
B, A, D, C
d)
C, D, A, B
80.
A large ecosystem is called a ______
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Habitat
c)
Biome
d)
Niche
81.
What is the main factor that separates the biomes?
a)
Land
b)
Water
c)
Climate
d)
Longitude
82.
The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes are...
a)
Food and Water
b)
Water and Sunlight
c)
Temperature and Oxygen
d)
Water and Temperature 
83.
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?
a)
Biotic are non-living things
b)
Abiotic are living organisms
c)
Biotic is life,
Abiotic is non-living
d)
Biotic is non-living, Abiotic is living
84.
What does biodiversity mean?
a)
Only one species in an area.
b)
The different amount of species in an area
c)
All abiotic life
d)
Nitrogen fixation
85.
The illegal capture or killing of an organism, often for money, is called...
a)
poaching
b)
harvesting
c)
fragementation
d)
extinction
86.

A community represents

a)

All the living organisms living together in a particular habitat

b)

Members of the same species living together in a particular habitat

c)

The various components of an ecosystem

d)

The habitat in which animals live

87.

The major cause of extinction is habitat fragmentation.

a)

True

b)

False

88.

Species that could become endangered in the near future are called extinct species.

a)

True

b)

False

89.

The sea otter is a _____________ that influences the survival of many other species in its ecosystem.

a)

Gene

b)

Endangered Species

c)

Keystone Species

90.

Scientists think people have directly caused the extinction of some species through habitat destruction, _________________, or other actions.

a)

Fires

b)

Floods

c)

Hunting

d)

Fishing

91.
The most sustainable ecosystem would ...
a)
have low biodiversity
b)
have high biodiversity
c)
not experience change
d)
have no predators
92.

An ecosystem's ability to recover after a disturbance is called

a)

change

b)

resilience

c)

dynamics

d)

succession

93.

Living things depend on their ecosystems to provide

a)

food

b)

shelter

c)

nutrients

d)

all of these

94.
What are the 3 types of Biodiversity 
a)
sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous
b)
genetic diversity, Ecosystem diversity, species diversity
c)
 ionic, covalent and metallic
d)
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
95.
What happens what the last number of species dies?
a)
Extinction
b)
genetic diversity
c)
biodiversity
d)
ecosystem diversity
96.
Some conservation biologists focus on areas where the greatest number of unique species can be protected with the least amount of effort.  These areas are called...
a)
wildlife corridors
b)
habitat fragments
c)
biodiversity hotspots
d)
conservation concessions
97.

the breaking of habitats into smaller pieces is called...

a)

habitat division

b)

habitat pollution

c)

habitat corruption

d)

habitat fragmentation

98.
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and the Convention on Biological Diversity are examples of
a)
organizations that promote poaching.
b)
polls measuring American opinion about biodiversity.
c)
treaties to protect biodiversity.
d)
laws to increase the number of species
99.

To manage, protect, and reintroduce threatened and endangered species are the goals of

a)

wildlife corridors.

b)

conservation concessions.

c)

Species Survival Plans.

d)

biodiversity hotspots.

100.

Relieving a nation from repaying some of the money it owes other nations in exchange for protecting its biodiversity is called a

a)

debt-for-nature swap.

b)

conservation concession.

c)

Species Survival Plan.

d)

wildlife corridor.

101.

An ecosystem is considered stable if it is both resistant and resilient.

a)

True

b)

False

102.
Birthrate remains high, death rate begins to fall, total population increasing
a)
Stage 1 Demographic Transition
b)
Stage 2 Demographic Transition
c)
Stage 3 Demographic Transition
d)
Stage 4 Demographic Transition
103.
The most populous country in the world
a)
China
b)
India
c)
US
d)
Brazil
104.
The number of children an average woman would have during her reproductive years
a)
Birthrate
b)
Infant mortality rate
c)
Total fertility rate
d)
Life expectancy
105.
VOCAB: The study of human population statistics
a)
demography
b)
biology
c)
microbiology
d)
ecology
106.
VOCAB: The average number of children a female member of a population has during her lifetime
a)
total fertility rate
b)
replacement fertility rate
c)
growth rate
d)
death rate
107.
What kind of growth is this country experiencing?
a)
Exponential Growth
b)
Stable Growth
c)
Declining Growth
108.
VOCAB: Number of babies out of 1000 that die during their first year of life
a)
infant mortality
b)
child mortality
c)
life expectancy
d)
growth rate
109.
The richest one fifth of the world’s people uses what percent of the world’s resources?
a)
5
b)
23
c)
40
d)
86
110.
The world population growth rate is currently close to __%.
a)
5.5
b)
2.1
c)
1.2
d)
0.5
111.
One reason for a rapid population growth is...
a)
an increase in pull factors.
b)
declining death rates. 
c)
a sparse population density. 
d)
internal migration.
112.

The study of disease in human populations is

a)

epidemiology

b)

toxicology

c)

dose-relationship curve

d)

risk assesement

113.

Infectious disease can be spread by

a)

contaminated water

b)

animals

c)

human contact

d)

all of the above

114.

Chemicals that cause cancer are called

a)

teratogens

b)

carcinogens

c)

neurotoxins

d)

endocrine disruptors

115.

The process where pollutants get increasingly more concentrated at each step up the food chain is

a)

biomagnification

b)

anaphylaxis

c)

toxicity

d)

bio-accumulation

116.

Who would have a greater sensitivity to environmental hazards

a)

teenagers

b)

adults

c)

infants

d)

none of the abvove

117.

Infectious diseases are diseases caused by an organism such as virus or a bacterium, which is called a

a)

pathogen

b)

toxicant

c)

pandemic

d)

infectious

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