WorksheetsEarthquakes (Chapter 19)
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 27mins
What is the total force acting on crustal rocks per unit of area?
Stress
Strain
Elastic Deformation
Plastic Deformation
Fault
What is the deformation of materials in response to stress?
Stress
Strain
Elastic Deformation
Plastic Deformation
Fault
What is the process when stress causes a material to strain, but afterward the material returns to its original shape?
Stress
Strain
Elastic Deformation
Plastic Deformation
Fault
What is the process when stress causes a material to strain past the elastic limit and material has permanent deformation?
Stress
Strain
Elastic Deformation
Plastic Deformation
Fault
What is a weak region in the crustal rock where movement of the Earth occurs?
Stress
Strain
Elastic Deformation
Plastic Deformation
Fault
What is the vibrations of the ground produced during an earthquake?
Seismic Wave
Primary Wave
Secondary Wave
Surface Wave
What is a seismic wave that causes rock particles to move perpendicular to the direction of the waves?
Seismic Wave
Primary Wave
Secondary Wave
Surface Wave
What is a seismic wave that squeezes and pushes rocks in the same direction that the wave travels?
Seismic Wave
Primary Wave
Secondary Wave
Surface Wave
What is the slowest traveling seismic wave that moves along Earth’s surface and cause the ground to move sideways and up and down?
Seismic Wave
Primary Wave
Secondary Wave
Surface Wave
What is the point of initial fault rupture of an earthquake ; usually several kilometers below Earth's surface?
Focus
Epicenter
What is the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus initial fault rupture of an earthquake?
Focus
Epicenter
What is the instrument used to measure horizontal or vertical motion during an earthquake?
Seismometer
Seismogram
What is the record produced by the instrument that can provide individual tracking of each type of seismic wave?
Seismometer
Seismogram
Which seismic wave travels the fastest?
Primary Wave
Secondary Wave
Surface Wave
Which seismic wave travels the slowest?
Primary Wave
Secondary Wave
Surface Wave
Which type of fault is shown?
Reverse Fault
Normal Fault
Strike-Slip Fault
Which type of fault is shown?
Reverse Fault
Normal Fault
Strike-Slip Fault
Which type of fault is shown?
Reverse Fault
Normal Fault
Strike-Slip Fault
What type of stress produces a Reverse Fault?
Compression
Tension
Shear
What type of stress produces a Normal Fault?
Compression
Tension
Shear
What type of stress produces a Strike-Slip Fault?
Compression
Tension
Shear
In which direction is the movement in a Reverse Fault?
Vertical
Horizontal
In which direction is the movement in a Normal Fault?
Vertical
Horizontal
In which direction is the movement in a Strike-Slip Fault?
Vertical
Horizontal
What can be determined by the distance between seismic waves on a seismogram?
How far away the epicenter is
The type of fault
The depth of the earthquake
Whether the core is liquid
S-waves are not able to travel through which type of material?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
What are the three types of stress?
Compression
Tension
Shear
Primary Waves
Secondary Waves
What are the three types of seismic waves?
Compression
Tension
Surface
Primary
Secondary
What are the three types of faults?
Reverse
Normal
Surface
Tension
Strike-Slip
As temperature increases, the speed of seismic waves
Increases
Decreases
As temperature decreases, the speed of seismic waves
Increases
Decreases
What is a numerical rating system that measures the amount of energy released during an earthquake?
Richter Scale
Moment Magnitude Scale
Modified Mercalli Scale
What is a rating scale of the energy released by an earthquake based on the size of the fault rupture, the amount of movement along the fault, and the rocks' stiffness?
Richter Scale
Moment Magnitude Scale
Modified Mercalli Scale
What is used to measure earthquake intensity on a scale from I to XII using damages as the reference
Richter Scale
Moment Magnitude Scale
Modified Mercalli Scale
What is the measure of the energy released during an earthquake?
Magnitude
Amplitude
What is the size of the seismic waves?
Magnitude
Amplitude
What is the phenomenon when seismic vibrations can cause the ground to behave like a liquid?
Soil Liquefaction
Tsunami
Seismic Gap
What is a large ocean wave generated by vertical motions of the seafloor during an earthquake?
Soil Liquefaction
Tsunami
Seismic Gap
What are sections located along faults that are known to be active, but which have not experienced significant earthquakes for a long period of time?
Soil Liquefaction
Tsunami
Seismic Gap
The amount of energy released by an earthquake is measured by its
amplitude
magnitude
focus
intensity
The Richter Scale is a numerical scale used to describe an earthquake's
intensity
amplitude
probability
magnitude
The Moment Magnitude Scale takes into account the size of an earthquake's
epicenter
fault rupture
probability
intensity
The amount of damage done to structures by an earthquake is the earthquake's
intensity
amplitude
probability
seismic gap
The Modified Mercalli Scale measures an earthquake's
intensity
seismic gap
probability
magnitude
Earthquake intensity depends primarily on the height of
Primary Waves
Secondary Waves
Surface Waves
the fault
As the distance from a quake's epicenter increases,
intensity increases
intensity decreases
magnitude increases
the focus decreases
Maximum earthquake intensity is usually found at the earthquake's
epicenter
shadow zone
seismic gap
focus
One factor that determines the strength of an earthquake is the depth of its
epicenter
epicentral distance
magnitude
focus
The focus of a catastrophic earthquake with high intensity values is almost always
deep
shallow
difficult to determine
below the point of initial rock failure
What can happen during earthquakes in areas where the ground contains fluid-saturated sediments?
Pancaking
Soil Liquefaction
Tsunamis
Avalanches
In soft earth material seismic waves cause ground motion to be _____.
Amplified
Muted
In more resistant earth material seismic waves cause ground motion to be _____.
Amplified
Muted
Upon what two factors is the probability of earthquake occurrence based?
The history of earthquakes in an area
The rate at which strain builds up in the rocks
The design of buildings
The amplitude of the surface waves generated
The size of the fault rupture
