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Earthquakes (Chapter 19)

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the total force acting on crustal rocks per unit of area?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Plastic Deformation

e)

Fault

2.

What is the deformation of materials in response to stress?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Plastic Deformation

e)

Fault

3.

What is the process when stress causes a material to strain, but afterward the material returns to its original shape?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Plastic Deformation

e)

Fault

4.

What is the process when stress causes a material to strain past the elastic limit and material has permanent deformation?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Plastic Deformation

e)

Fault

5.

What is a weak region in the crustal rock where movement of the Earth occurs?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Plastic Deformation

e)

Fault

6.

What is the vibrations of the ground produced during an earthquake?

a)

Seismic Wave

b)

Primary Wave

c)

Secondary Wave

d)

Surface Wave

7.

What is a seismic wave that causes rock particles to move perpendicular to the direction of the waves?

a)

Seismic Wave

b)

Primary Wave

c)

Secondary Wave

d)

Surface Wave

8.

What is a seismic wave that squeezes and pushes rocks in the same direction that the wave travels?

a)

Seismic Wave

b)

Primary Wave

c)

Secondary Wave

d)

Surface Wave

9.

What is the slowest traveling seismic wave that moves along Earth’s surface and cause the ground to move sideways and up and down?

a)

Seismic Wave

b)

Primary Wave

c)

Secondary Wave

d)

Surface Wave

10.

What is the point of initial fault rupture of an earthquake ; usually several kilometers below Earth's surface?

a)

Focus

b)

Epicenter

11.

What is the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus initial fault rupture of an earthquake?

a)

Focus

b)

Epicenter

12.

What is the instrument used to measure horizontal or vertical motion during an earthquake?

a)

Seismometer

b)

Seismogram

13.

What is the record produced by the instrument that can provide individual tracking of each type of seismic wave?

a)

Seismometer

b)

Seismogram

14.

Which seismic wave travels the fastest?

a)

Primary Wave

b)

Secondary Wave

c)

Surface Wave

15.

Which seismic wave travels the slowest?

a)

Primary Wave

b)

Secondary Wave

c)

Surface Wave

16.

Which type of fault is shown?

a)

Reverse Fault

b)

Normal Fault

c)

Strike-Slip Fault

17.

Which type of fault is shown?

a)

Reverse Fault

b)

Normal Fault

c)

Strike-Slip Fault

18.

Which type of fault is shown?

a)

Reverse Fault

b)

Normal Fault

c)

Strike-Slip Fault

19.

What type of stress produces a Reverse Fault?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Shear

20.

What type of stress produces a Normal Fault?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Shear

21.

What type of stress produces a Strike-Slip Fault?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Shear

22.

In which direction is the movement in a Reverse Fault?

a)

Vertical

b)

Horizontal

23.

In which direction is the movement in a Normal Fault?

a)

Vertical

b)

Horizontal

24.

In which direction is the movement in a Strike-Slip Fault?

a)

Vertical

b)

Horizontal

25.

What can be determined by the distance between seismic waves on a seismogram?

a)

How far away the epicenter is

b)

The type of fault

c)

The depth of the earthquake

d)

Whether the core is liquid

26.

S-waves are not able to travel through which type of material?

a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

c)

Gas

27.

What are the three types of stress?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Shear

d)

Primary Waves

e)

Secondary Waves

28.

What are the three types of seismic waves?

a)

Compression

b)

Tension

c)

Surface

d)

Primary

e)

Secondary

29.

What are the three types of faults?

a)

Reverse

b)

Normal

c)

Surface

d)

Tension

e)

Strike-Slip

30.

As temperature increases, the speed of seismic waves

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

31.

As temperature decreases, the speed of seismic waves

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

32.

What is a numerical rating system that measures the amount of energy released during an earthquake?

a)

Richter Scale

b)

Moment Magnitude Scale

c)

Modified Mercalli Scale

33.

What is a rating scale of the energy released by an earthquake based on the size of the fault rupture, the amount of movement along the fault, and the rocks' stiffness?

a)

Richter Scale

b)

Moment Magnitude Scale

c)

Modified Mercalli Scale

34.

What is used to measure earthquake intensity on a scale from I to XII using damages as the reference

a)

Richter Scale

b)

Moment Magnitude Scale

c)

Modified Mercalli Scale

35.

What is the measure of the energy released during an earthquake?

a)

Magnitude

b)

Amplitude

36.

What is the size of the seismic waves?

a)

Magnitude

b)

Amplitude

37.

What is the phenomenon when seismic vibrations can cause the ground to behave like a liquid?

a)

Soil Liquefaction

b)

Tsunami

c)

Seismic Gap

38.

What is a large ocean wave generated by vertical motions of the seafloor during an earthquake?

a)

Soil Liquefaction

b)

Tsunami

c)

Seismic Gap

39.

What are sections located along faults that are known to be active, but which have not experienced significant earthquakes for a long period of time?

a)

Soil Liquefaction

b)

Tsunami

c)

Seismic Gap

40.

The amount of energy released by an earthquake is measured by its

a)

amplitude

b)

magnitude

c)

focus

d)

intensity

41.

The Richter Scale is a numerical scale used to describe an earthquake's

a)

intensity

b)

amplitude

c)

probability

d)

magnitude

42.

The Moment Magnitude Scale takes into account the size of an earthquake's

a)

epicenter

b)

fault rupture

c)

probability

d)

intensity

43.

The amount of damage done to structures by an earthquake is the earthquake's

a)

intensity

b)

amplitude

c)

probability

d)

seismic gap

44.

The Modified Mercalli Scale measures an earthquake's

a)

intensity

b)

seismic gap

c)

probability

d)

magnitude

45.

Earthquake intensity depends primarily on the height of

a)

Primary Waves

b)

Secondary Waves

c)

Surface Waves

d)

the fault

46.

As the distance from a quake's epicenter increases,

a)

intensity increases

b)

intensity decreases

c)

magnitude increases

d)

the focus decreases

47.

Maximum earthquake intensity is usually found at the earthquake's

a)

epicenter

b)

shadow zone

c)

seismic gap

d)

focus

48.

One factor that determines the strength of an earthquake is the depth of its

a)

epicenter

b)

epicentral distance

c)

magnitude

d)

focus

49.

The focus of a catastrophic earthquake with high intensity values is almost always

a)

deep

b)

shallow

c)

difficult to determine

d)

below the point of initial rock failure

50.

What can happen during earthquakes in areas where the ground contains fluid-saturated sediments?

a)

Pancaking

b)

Soil Liquefaction

c)

Tsunamis

d)

Avalanches

51.

In soft earth material seismic waves cause ground motion to be _____.

a)

Amplified

b)

Muted

52.

In more resistant earth material seismic waves cause ground motion to be _____.

a)

Amplified

b)

Muted

53.

Upon what two factors is the probability of earthquake occurrence based?

a)

The history of earthquakes in an area

b)

The rate at which strain builds up in the rocks

c)

The design of buildings

d)

The amplitude of the surface waves generated

e)

The size of the fault rupture