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WorksheetsEcosystems
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 7hrs 5mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
An area in which fresh water from a river mixes with salt water from the ocean
a)
Mangrove Swamp
b)
Estuary
c)
Marshes
d)
Wetland
2.
An area of land that is periodically underwater
a)
Coral Reef
b)
Marshes
c)
Wetland
d)
Swamp
3.
Area dominated by woody plants such as flood-tolerant trees and shrubs
a)
Mangrove Swamp
b)
Swamp
c)
Salt Marshes
d)
Wetland
4.
A tropical or subtropical marine swamp that is characterized by the abundance of low to tall trees
a)
Coral Reef
b)
Estuary
c)
Marshes
d)
Mangrove Swamp
5.
An increase in the amount of nutrients, such as nitrates, in a marine or aquatic ecosystem is
a)
Benthos
b)
Nekton
c)
Eutrophication
d)
Plankton
6.
A microscopic organism that float or drift freely in the waters of aquatic environments is
a)
Benthos
b)
Plankton
c)
Nekton
d)
Littoral Zone
7.
What is NOT an effect humans are having on animals in ocean ecosystems
a)
Polluting their water
b)
Over fishing areas
c)
Trapping Marine life in nets
d)
Increasing habitats
8.
Which is NOT example of freshwater ecosystems
a)
Coral Reef
b)
Lake
c)
Pond
d)
Stream
9.
Which biome is pictured below?
a)
ocean
b)
freshwater
c)
coral reef
d)
wetland
10.
What aquatic biome is characterized by flowing fresh water?
a)
Lakes/Ponds
b)
Mangroves Swamps
c)
Rivers/Streams
d)
Coral Reefs
11.
Temperature, sunlight and oxygen are examples of ____ factors.
a)
abiotic
b)
biotic
12.
How do people use water from freshwater ecosystems?
a)
drinking
b)
bathing
c)
crop irrigation
d)
all of the above
13.
Runoff fertilizer and livestock waste from farms can add to the ____ of a pond?
a)
nutrients
b)
oxygen
c)
pollution
d)
biotic factors
14.
Wetlands and estuaries purify water and filter out _____.
a)
dead organisms
b)
waste products
c)
salt
d)
pollution
15.
The algae and microscopic organisms on the surface of lakes and ponds get their food
a)
by photosynthesis
b)
by eating
c)
through their gills
d)
through their stomata
16.
What factors drive ocean currents?
a)
Temperature differences
b)
Salinity
c)
Wind
d)
All of the above
17.
This is the ocean zone closest to the shore.
a)
Neritic Zone
b)
Intertidal Zone
c)
Open-Ocean Zone
d)
Aphotic Zone
18.
This large brown algae grows on the floor of continental shelf.
a)
Kelp Forest
b)
Coral Reef
c)
Deciduous Forest
d)
Mushrooms
19.
What is at the base of the food chain in the ocean?
a)
whales
b)
plankton
c)
turtles
d)
seaweed
20.
A result of upwelling is a/an _________ in nutrients in the water.
a)
Decrease
b)
Increase
c)
No Change
21.
Bacteria kill organisms in eutrophic lakes by reducing _______ dissolved in the lake
a)
Oxygen
b)
Food
c)
Bacteria
d)
Sunlight
22.
Arctic ecosystems are considered marine ecosystems because nearly all the_________ in this area comes from the ocean.
a)
Animals
b)
Food
c)
Snow
d)
Fresh water
23.
The largest freshwater marsh in the United States.
a)
Louisiana swamp
b)
Mississippi river
c)
Texas coastline
d)
Florida everglades
24.
What special adaptations do species living in estuaries have?
a)
to resist UV rays
b)
to survive exposure to air
c)
to survive heavy waves
d)
adapted to varying amounts of salinity
25.
How do people use water from freshwater ecosystems?
a)
drinking
b)
bathing
c)
crop irrigation
d)
all of the above
26.
Runoff fertilizer and livestock waste from farms can result in ____ in a river, pond or lake.
a)
excess nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus)
b)
excess oxygen
c)
excess carbon dioxide
d)
lower amounts of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus)
27.
Which of the following is a threat to lakes?
a)
Overabundance of nutrients
b)
Agriculture runoff
c)
metals and other pesticides
d)
All of these
28.
A __________ includes all living and non-living things in an environment.
a)
population
b)
niche
c)
abitotic
d)
ecosystem
29.
_______ are consumers that eat only meat.
a)
Herbivore
b)
Omnivore
c)
Carnivore
30.
________ are consumers that eat plants and meat.
a)
Herbivore
b)
Omnivore
c)
Carnivore
31.
Which organism make their own food through the process of photosynthesis?
a)
decomposer
b)
consumer
c)
herbivore
d)
producer
32.
Which describes a decomposer?
a)
an organism that eats only plants
b)
an organism that makes its own food
c)
an organism that breaks down dead matter
d)
an organism that recieves energy from the sun
33.
What are interconnected food chains called?
a)
consumers
b)
predators
c)
food web
34.
If the population of prey increases, the population of predators will ________because of the availability of food.
a)
decrease
b)
stay the same
c)
increase
35.
What would most likely happen if an ecosystem no longer received sunlight?
a)
The number of herbivores would increase
b)
The number of plants would increase
c)
all organisms would adapt
d)
All living organisms would eventually die
36.
Examples of how humans negatively affect local ecosystems are
a)
Building dams, deforestation (cutting down trees), adding point sources to nearby streams to allow for run-off, building roads and structures, and salting roads.
b)
Creating laws to prohibit fishing from local streams.
c)
Planting trees and other plants to attract native species.
d)
Removing non-native species from the environment.
37.
How does energy enter an ecosystem?
a)
sunlight
b)
soil
c)
animals
d)
invasive species
38.
All food chains_____________________
a)
have more consumers than producers
b)
produce and use same amount of energy
c)
begin with a producer
d)
are unhealthy
39.
A lion, captures and eats other animals. What is he considered?
a)
prey
b)
predator
c)
producer
d)
healthy
40.
All the members of one species that live within an area of an ecosystem is a?
a)
population
b)
community
c)
niche
41.
Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for in the food web?
a)
Hawk
b)
Spider
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Shrew
42.
The availability of shelter, food,water and space can change plant and animal survival. These are called
a)
multiplying factors
b)
competitive factors
c)
limiting factors
d)
survival factors
43.
Which organisms are in competition for the same food?
a)
fox and owl
b)
spider and fly
c)
rabbit and mouse
d)
deer and owl
44.
What is an adaptation?
a)
A feature or behavior that helps an animal survie.
b)
The food that an animal eats.
c)
How energy moves in a food web.
45.
How do adaptations help animals?
a)
To escape animals
b)
to hunt for food
c)
to survive in their habitats
d)
All of these are correct
46.
how much energy is passed onto the next trophic lelvel?
a)
about0%
b)
about100%
c)
about10%
d)
about50%
47.
do fungi perform photo synthesyis
a)
no
b)
yeboi
c)
most likely
d)
of course!!!
48.
An animal that is hunted by other animals for food is called _____________________ .
a)
Victim
b)
Sally
c)
Predator
d)
Prey
49.
A ____________ breaks down waste or dead organisms and recycles nutrients.
a)
consumer
b)
producer
c)
decomposer
d)
omnivore
50.
An individual living thing is a/an ___________.
a)
habitat
b)
ecosystem
c)
organism
d)
population
51.
The place where an organism lives is its __________.
a)
habitat
b)
ecosystem
c)
organism
d)
population
52.
ALL energy flow for an ecosystem begins with ...
a)
plants
b)
the moon
c)
the sun
d)
algae
53.
Carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, and scavengers are all examples of __________.
a)
producers
b)
consumers
c)
decomposers
d)
abiotic factors
54.
The part of earth that supports life.
a)
Biosphere
b)
Biome
c)
Tundra
d)
Canopy
55.
What are organism that use sunlight or energy stored in chemical compounds to make food?
a)
a. heterotrophs
b)
b. autotrophs
c)
c. algae
d)
d. mitrochondria
56.
What term defines the number of individuals per unit area if a population has abundant space and food, and is protected from predators and disease.
a)
a. population sample
b)
b. population density
c)
c. population
d)
d. all of above
57.
What are human activities that affect the biosphere?
a)
a. hunting and gathering
b)
b. agriculture and industrial growth
c)
c. urban development
d)
d. all of above
58.
What term defines biodiversity?
a)
a. variety of habitats
b)
b. number of different species
c)
c. total of all organism in area
d)
d. kingdoms
59.
What are threats to biodiversity?
a)
a. extinction and habitat degradation
b)
b. invasive species
c)
c. endangered species
d)
d. all of above
60.
Which cycle consist of processes by which water circulates between the earth's oceans, atmosphere and land, involving precipitation.
a)
a. water cycle
b)
b. nitrogen cycle
c)
c. carbon cycle
d)
d. sulphur cycle
61.
What cycle describes the substances returning to the air and soil as a result of the decay of the plants and denitrification?
a)
a. carbon cycle
b)
b. phosphorous cycle
c)
c. nitrogen cycle
d)
d. sulphur cycle
62.
What term describes a cycle that returns to the atmosphere through respiration, the decay of dead organisms, and the burning of fossil fuels.
a)
a. nitrogen
b)
b. oxygen cycle
c)
c. carbon cycle
63.
The shrew provides energy for the _______?
a)
cricket
b)
grasshopper
c)
frog
d)
snake
64.
Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for in the food web?
a)
Hawk
b)
Spider
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Shrew
65.
A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed...
a)
Mutualism
b)
Competition
c)
Parasitsm
d)
Commensalism
66.
What type of symbiosis? Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers. The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
67.
When a mosquito bites you, you are the __________ and the mosquito is the ____________.
a)
host, hostess
b)
parasite, host
c)
host, parasite
d)
prey, predator
68.
Consider this food web: Where is the largest amount of energy found in this food web?
a)
Hawk
b)
Grass
c)
Mouse
d)
Grasshopper
69.
Which of the following organisms is a herbivore.
a)
butterfly
b)
snake
c)
fox
d)
ladybird
70.
Which organism is the top predator in this food web?
a)
leopard seal
b)
killer whale
c)
elephant seal
d)
crabeater seal
71.
How many primary consumers are there in this food web?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
72.
The fox in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Tertiary Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
73.
Which ones are the decomposers?
a)
Plackton
b)
Caterpillar
c)
Fungi and bacteria
d)
Leaves
74.
Penguin
a)
Heterotroph
b)
Autotroph
75.
Willow Tree
a)
Heterotroph
b)
Autotroph
76.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
77.
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
78.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
79.
The owl receives energy from which organisms?
a)
grasshopper and mouse
b)
mouse and rabbit
c)
rabbit and butterfly
d)
butterfly and frog
80.
Name the producers in this food web.
a)
seagull and fish
b)
penguin and crab
c)
phytoplankton and seaweed
d)
seaweed and zooplankton
81.
The role an organism plays in an ecosystem
a)
consumer
b)
producer
c)
niche
d)
photosynthesis
82.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
83.
What does a food chain represent?
a)
How all living organisms within a habitat are connected.
b)
All of the things that a particular animal eats.
c)
How plants create their own food.
d)
A single path of energy transfer within a habitat.
84.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms.
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
85.
An energy pyramid represents what?
a)
How much sunlight is available for the ecosystem to use.
b)
How much energy a particular organism needs.
c)
How much energy is needed to build a pyramid.
d)
The amount of energy available to the next 'feeder' in a food web.
86.
How much energy is available to be passed on to the next trophic level in an ecosystem?
a)
100%
b)
10%
c)
50%
d)
75%
87.
Why is there a limited amount of energy that can be passed on to the next feeding level?
a)
There is never enough sunlight available.
b)
Some ecosystems have limited resources.
c)
Organisms use some of the energy they get from eating.
d)
All the energy is available to be passed on.
88.
What might happen if you remove a primary consumer from the ecosystem?
a)
There would be more food for secondary consumers.
b)
The number of primary consumers would increase.
c)
The number of plants would increase.
d)
The number of secondary consumers would increase.
89.
The unique position that a species has in the physical use of its habitat and in its function (job) within an ecosystem
a)
producer
b)
biotic factors
c)
ecosystem
d)
niche
90.
Autotrophs form the foundation of aquatic food webs.
a)
True
b)
False
91.
Each step in a food chain or a food web is called a
a)
Step level
b)
Pyramid level
c)
Trophic Level
d)
Heat Level
92.
Phytoplankton get their energy through photosynthesis. Zooplankton get their energy by _____________.
a)
Eating detritous
b)
Eating krill
c)
Eating phytoplankton
d)
Eating bacteria
93.
How does matter moves through the biosphere?
a)
It's created by humans
b)
It's a one way flow through ecosystems
c)
It's cycled through ecosystems
94.
Which of the following most likely gets their energy from eating phytoplankton?
a)
zooplankton
b)
sharks
c)
seals
d)
algae
95.
Consumers are also called
a)
autotrophs
b)
heterotrophs
c)
plankton
96.
Which consumer receives energy from the leopard seal?
a)
blue whale
b)
penguin
c)
killer whale
d)
elephant seal
97.
Name the producers in this food web.
a)
seagull and fish
b)
penguin and crab
c)
phytoplankton and seaweed
d)
seaweed and zooplankton
98.
In the food web, if the population of grasshoppers increased, what would be a result?
a)
The population of rabbits would decrease
b)
The population of lizards would decrease
c)
The population of snakes would increase
d)
The population of grass would increase
99.
In this food web, energy flows from —
a)
the hawk to the grass to the snake and the rabbit
b)
the grass to the hawk to the rabbit
c)
the grass to the grasshopper to the toad
d)
the grasshopper to the toad to the sparrow
100.
Ryan built a biotic community by adding water plants, snails, small fish, and water to a large jug. Which best represents the energy flow in this biotic community?
a)
I and II only
b)
II and III only
c)
I and IV only
d)
II and IV only
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