WorksheetsGlaciers & Earth's Past Unit 3 Test
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 31mins
Which continent is the coldest and driest in the world, and has 98% of it's land covered in ice?
North America
Africa
Antarctica
Asia
How often does the sun shine during the summer in Antarctica?
18 hrs/day
6 hrs/day
24 hrs/day
12 hrs/day
How much sunlight does Antarctica receive during the Winter?
18 hrs/day
0 hrs/day
24 hrs/day
12 hrs/day
What is defined as "a flowing mass of ice and snow that forms on mountains at the North and South Poles"?
Glaciers
Icebergs
Hail
Frosty the Snowman
How old can the ice be that's found in glaciers?
~ 20 yrs
~ 1,000 yrs
~ 23,450 yrs
~100,000 + yrs
When glaciers form, what happens to the snow that accumulates in one place over many years?
It melts and forms huge Antarctic lakes
New layers of snow bury and compress the prior layers (like sediment rock)
The snow evaporates and rejoins the water cycle
It is used to hydrate scientists that study at Palmer Station, Anarctica.
When forming glaciers, what happens to the layers of snow that are buried and compressed?
Over many years, the compacted snow layers form dense ice
They gradually begin to transmutate into a rare metal, iceferous
The layers become icebergs prior to forming glaciers
The sun eventually melts and evaporates the snow, returning it to the atmosphere
What is defined as "gravitational force exerted on an object by a planet or moon (pull of gravity)"?
Weight
Mass
Height
Density
What is defined as "the attractive force between all matter, the result of an object's mass"?
Gravity
Strong Nuclear Force
Magnetism
Beauty
What two things does an object's weight depend on?
Mass
Pull of Gravity
Height
Cheeseburgers consumed
When do glaciers expand?
When the snow FALL outweighs the snow MELT
When the snow MELT outweighs the snow FALL
When do glaciers retreat?
When the snow FALL outweighs the snow MELT
When the snow MELT outweighs the snow FALL
How do glaciers change land?
Through movement, carving out lakes, valleys, and fjords.
Through melting, filling lakes, valleys, and fjords.
Through cracking the mountains they stay on top of.
What part of a glacier acts as sandpaper, wearing down and smoothing the land?
Sediment
Ice
Snow
Weight
What is defined as "eroded sediment that is dispersed when a glacier retreats or expands"?
Glacial Till
Moraines
What type of glacier is like an "ice sheet", masses of ice and snow permanently covering a large area?
Continental
Alpine
What type of glacier forms on mountains and flows down valleys?
Continental
Alpine
What is the main source of thermal energy that drives the water cycle?
Climate Change
The Sun
Carbon Emissions
Thermal Vents
How much of the planet do glaciers cover?
10%
70%
50%
0%
What is defined as "a place that stores water"?
Reservoir
Glacier
Grocery Store
Moraine
Which state of matter has the least amount of thermal energy?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
What is defined as "when thermal energy causes molecules to speed up and expand, becoming vapor"? (Liquid to Gas)
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Absorption
What is the major factor that causes climate change?
Human Activity
Forest Fires
Global Warming
Bovine Methane Production
How much has Earth's average temperature risen in the last 100 years?
0.6 Celsius
1 Fahrenheit
15 Fahrenheit
0.9 Celsius
How can scientists compare CO2 levels between today and that of 650,000 years ago?
By observing air bubbles in ice cores from Antarctica and Greenland
By using a Delorean to observe the CO2 levels in person
By observing samples of ancient air trapped deep underground in caves.
By observing samples of dinosaur fossils formed 650,000 years ago
What causes scientists to believe that climate change is caused by human activity?
Because of how rapidly it is happening
Because of CO2 levels in the atmosphere
Because of the greenhouse effect
Because of the increased amount of forest fires
If the Antarctic ice sheet fully melts, what will occur as a result?
Sea-level rise, due to the massive release of freshwater
Mass polar bear extinction
Mass fish population explosions
Sea-level recession globally
Which group of people would be most effected by sea-level rise?
People living in low-lying coastal areas
People living in mountainous regions
People without boats
People of low socio-economic status
CO2 levels are currently the highest they've been in the last...
650,000 years
20,000 years
1 million years
500,000 years
What is defined as "Conditions of the atmosphere @ 1 place and time" ("Snapshot")?
Weather
Climate
What is defined as "average weather in 1 location over 30 years" ("Video")?
Weather
Climate
What things trapped in ice give clues to scientists regarding past climates?
Dust
Volcanic Ash
Air Bubbles
Sediment
Bacteria
What angle is the Earth's axis tilted at?
23.5°
12.6°
20.2°
460°
What is defined as "the imaginary line between the North and South Pole"?
Axis
Equator
Hemisphere
Climate
What is the hottest part of the Earth, and why?
The Equator, because it receives direct sunlight
The Equator, because it's closest to the Sun
The Polar Zones, because they receive direct sunlight
The Temperate Zones, because they're closest to the Sun
What are defined as "periods of time characterized by specific weather patterns and length of day and night"?
Seasons
Climate
Axis
Earth Orbit
During which season does Earth receive indirect sunlight? (Low angle, low intensity)
Summer
Winter
Fall
Spring
What is defined as "when the South Pole tilts towards the Sun, 24 hours of sunlight"? (Sun never sets, just circles the sky)
Midnight Sun
Polar Night
Antarctic Summer Jam
What is defined as "when the South Pole tilts away from the Sun, 24 hours of darkness"? (Sun is so low, it stays behind a glacier for the few hours it's up)
Polar Night
Midnight Sun
Antarctic Winterfest
What gas is the major cause of the greenhouse effect?
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Oxygen
Helium
What region tends to receive around 12 hours of day and night year-round?
Temperate Regions
Polar Regions
Tropical Regions
What is defined as "the remains of ancient animals and plants, traces or impressions of living things from past geo. ages, or traces of their activities"?
Fossils
Fossil Fuels
Artifacts
Mummies
What is one major piece of evidence about Pangaea's existence?
"Seed-Fern" fossils found in Australia, South Africa, and South America
Evidence of the ancient "saber-toothed" lion found in Siberia as well as North America
The distance between Europe and Africa keeps shrinking
What evidence shows us that Antarctica used to have a lush, warm climate millions of years ago?
Fossils of leaves, twigs, and logs from large trees
Fossils of small ferns also found on other continents
Fossils of huge woolly mammoths that used to live there
The remains of ancient swimming pools and vacation homes
What is defined as "a supercontinent made up of all other continents"?
Pangaea
Antarctica
Tectonic Plates
Austroloasia
What do fossils tell scientists about?
Past environments
Organisms that survived in past environments
Food-web organization
Iron-sulfide levels in the atmosphere
What happens to organisms as an extreme, cataclysmic change occurs?
They must adapt, or die out
They experience huge amounts of stress
A new population of animals wipes them out
Which type of animal shrunk and moved to warm areas during the Great Ice Age?
Endotherms
Exotherms
Which animals grew and adapted warmer coats during the Great Ice Age?
Exotherms
Endotherms
How did Woolly Mammoths adapt to Ice Age-living?
Grew over 3 meters in height
Had thick fur coats
Had a layer of fat
Traveled in herds, eating shrubs
Made friends with a motley crew of other species
What is defined as "when a species has no living members in existence"?
Extinction
De-population
Deforestation
Genocide
What caused Ice Age animals to die out?
Warming environment
Expansion of predators
Further separation of Pangaea
What is the best location for finding fossils?
Sedimentary rock
Shallow sea beds
Mountainous slopes
Sandy regions
What is the second step in the sedimentary process?
Layers of loose sand, soil, gravel and clay build up in one spot
Pressure of layers compacts sediment into rock
Remains of organism gets trapped in sediment
Heat and Pressure turn remains into fossils over millions of years
What is the third step in the sedimentary process?
Layers of loose sand, soil, gravel and clay build up in one spot
Pressure of layers compacts sediment into rock
Remains of organism gets trapped in sediment
Heat and Pressure turn remains into fossils over millions of years
What is the first step in the sedimentary process?
Layers of loose sand, soil, gravel and clay build up in one spot
Pressure of layers compacts sediment into rock
Remains of organism gets trapped in sediment
Heat and Pressure turn remains into fossils over millions of years
What is the fourth step in the sedimentary process?
Layers of loose sand, soil, gravel and clay build up in one spot
Pressure of layers compacts sediment into rock
Remains of organism gets trapped in sediment
Heat and Pressure turn remains into fossils over millions of years
What is defined as "all of the fossils ever found, helps scientists understand Earth's history"?
Fossil Record
Fossil Compendium
Artifact Record
Pangaea Portfolio
What is defined as "comparing which layers of fossils are found in to determine their ages"?
Relative Dating
Index Fossils
Fossil Record
Carbon Dating
The Oldest fossils are found.....
In the highest layers of sediment
In the lowest layers of sediment
What is defined as "certain fossils known to come from a particular time and place"?
Index fossils
Relative Dating
Extinction
Specificity
