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WorksheetsUnit 1 LEAP prep #1
Total questions: 62
Worksheet time: 58mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
The building block of nucleic acids are nucleotides. Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a _________________ base.
a)
oxygen
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon
2.
The backbone of a DNA molecule is made from a ______________ and a _______________ group.
a)
lipid, carbon
b)
sugar, phosphate
c)
nitrogen, oxygen
d)
nitrogen, sulfur
3.
What are the four nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
b)
adenine, lysine, prolene, guanine
c)
arganine, cytosine, lysine, purine
d)
lysine, cytosine, lucine, guanine
4.
The shape of the DNA molecule is a double __________________?
a)
"S"
b)
helix
c)
rope
d)
curve
5.
The sugar in DNA is ?
a)
sucrose
b)
glucose
c)
deoxyribose
d)
fructose
6.
When DNA makes a copy of itself, the new strands are identical or different?
a)
identical
b)
different
7.
What kind of information does DNA carry?
a)
genetic
b)
nuclear
c)
cell structure
d)
it doesn't carry any info
8.
DNA makes a copy of itself in a process called ________________________________?
a)
translation
b)
replication
c)
translation
d)
division
9.
What are the building blocks for DNA?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
nucleotides
c)
lipids
d)
proteins
10.
Which one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule?
a)
adenine-guanine
b)
guanine-cytosine
c)
adenine-cytosine
d)
cytosine-uracil
11.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partiaal strand
ATG TGA CAG
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
12.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
13.
How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?
a)
The two different cells become mutated
b)
The proteins expressed in each cell are different
c)
They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
d)
The genome of the different cells changes
14.
Which of these is responsible for the different morphologies of these cells?
a)
Metabolism
b)
Replication
c)
Gene Expression
d)
None of these account for the different morphologies
15.
Which component of DNA determines the traits of an organism?
a)
Nitrogen Bases
b)
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
c)
Hydrogen bonds
16.
What type of mutation occurs, when a base is subtracted from the sequence?
a)
Deletion
b)
Insertion
c)
Substitution
17.
Mutation can be passed onto
a)
Siblings
b)
Parents
c)
Offspring (children)
d)
Neighbors
18.
What is the purpose of transcription?
a)
to make protein
b)
to make ribosomes
c)
to make nucleus
d)
to make mRNA
19.
A boy inherits genes for tallness, but his growth is limited as a result of poor nutrition. This is an example of -
a)
environmental influence on gene expression
b)
expression of a hidden trait
c)
an inherited disorder
20.
Cells differentiate to perform different tasks because of
a)
regulation of gene expression
b)
protein synthesis
c)
mutations
21.
What is the function of nitrogenous bases?
a)
determine they types of proteins are synthesized
b)
they determine the location of bonds
c)
they determine where translation is going to occur
22.
This is the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus.
a)
Rough ER
b)
Smooth ER
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Cytoplasm
23.
This is part of the endoplasmic reticulum that is used to detoxify drugs and alcohol. There are no ribosomes.
a)
Vesicles
b)
Lysosomes
c)
Rough ER
d)
Smooth ER
24.
This is part of the endoplasmic reticulum that is used to make proteins that will be used by other cells. It is lined with ribosomes.
a)
Vesicles
b)
Lysosomes
c)
Rough ER
d)
Smooth ER
25.
These organelles link amino acids together to form proteins; Protein synthesis occurs; no membrane around them.
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Vacuole
d)
Cell wall
26.
This helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell; lipids and proteins from the Rough ER are delivered here where they are modified for different functions then sent out through a vesicle.
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Endoplasmic reticulum
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Golgi apparatus
27.
This supplies energy to the cell (has its own DNA); It is where cellular respiration happens to allow the cell to make ATP (energy); it has a double membrane.
a)
Ribosomes
b)
Golgi Apparatus
c)
Cell wall
d)
Mitochondria
28.
This contains digestive enzymes. These enzymes can digest, or break down, food particles, cells, worn out or damaged parts.
a)
ribosomes
b)
cilia
c)
flagella
d)
lysosomes
29.
This is a rigid structure that give plant cell protection support and shape; it is made of cellulose; primary- develops as the plant cell forms and grows to full size; secondary- is tough and woody and is formed later.
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Cell wall
c)
Vacuole
d)
Endoplasmic reticulum
30.
This converts solar energy into chemical energy (glucose) during photosynthesis; it contains chlorophyll which makes plants green.
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Cell wall
c)
Smooth ER
d)
Rough ER
31.
Movement of the body need ...
a)
Nervous and endocrine
b)
Skeletal and muscular
c)
Circulatory and digestive
d)
Excretory and nervous
32.
2 body systems work together to supply the body's cells with oxygen?
a)
Respiratory and immune
b)
Nervous and reproductive
c)
Circulatory and respiratory
d)
Endocrine and muscular
33.
2 body systems work together to break down food into energy and eliminate waste
a)
Skeletal and endocrine
b)
Digestive and excretory
c)
Nervous and immune
d)
Muscular and skeletal
34.
2 body systems that work together to protect you from foreign pathogens are...
a)
Integumentary and immune
b)
Reproductive and muscular
c)
Endocrine and digestive
d)
Respiratory and circulatory
35.
How does the Circulatory System help the Muscular System?
a)
digest muscle
b)
supply oxygen to muscle
c)
Excrete waste
36.
A student was playing with his little brother who had stayed home from school sick because he got infected with the flu. The student had his flu vaccine so he did not get sick because his antibodies and white blood cells were circulated through the blood to fight an infection.
WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
a)
circulatory and immune
b)
excretory and digestive
c)
digestive and nervous
d)
nervous and endocrine
37.
In order for humans to reproduce an egg must be fertilized by a sperm. For women ovulation is the time when an egg is released due to hormone stimulation. WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
a)
excretory and endocrine
b)
endocrine and reproductive
c)
digestive and nervous
d)
circulatory and respiratory
38.
Your biology teacher was eating lunch, later he had a lot of energy since food was broken down in their stomach and glucose was carried to cells throughout the body.
a)
nervous and endocrine
b)
endocrine and exocretory
c)
excretory and digestive
d)
digestive and circulatory
39.
Patients who experience kidney failure usually have to go for dialysis because the kidneys are no longer able to filter their blood. During dialysis the patients blood is pumped through the dialysis machine and artificially filtered. The circulation of blood is no longer natural.
WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
a)
digestive and excretory
b)
circulatory and excretory
c)
excretory and nervous
d)
nervous and even more nervous
40.
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback to indirectly maintain homeostasis?
a)
the chemical reactions involved in blood clotting
b)
your blood vessels dilate and you begin to sweat in response to elevated body temperature
c)
your blood vessels constrict and you begin to shiver in response to low body temperature
d)
your coach compliments you on your performance in practice
41.
Homeostasis
a)
allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
b)
is impossible in vertebrates
c)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
d)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
42.
Positive feedback is when the change caused by the stimulus is
a)
decreased
b)
non existant
c)
increased
d)
changes constantly
43.
When you are cold, you shiver and your blood vessels contract, which warms you up. When you are hot, you sweat and your blood vessels expand, which cools you down.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop
44.
Water diffusing with the concentration gradient from high water concentration to low water concentration across a cell membrane is....
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
45.
Where is there a low concentration of dye?
a)
at the bottom of cup
b)
in the color
c)
at the top of cup
d)
no concenteraion gradient
46.
The picture below is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
47.
Permeable means
a)
things can pass through
b)
the concentration levels are different
c)
it is permanent
d)
things are stuck
48.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need bacteria
d)
They need insulin
49.
How does a virus cause a person to develop the common cold?
a)
invades the host cell to reproduce
b)
removes energy from the host cell
c)
produces toxins in the host cell
d)
protects the host cell from bacteria
50.
When a virus invades a living cell, its _______
takes over the cell's functions.
takes over the cell's functions.
a)
outer coat
b)
genetic material
c)
core
d)
cytoplasm
51.
Antibiotics kill viruses
a)
True
b)
False
52.
Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing?
a)
lytic
b)
mitosis
c)
lysogenic
d)
S phase
53.
Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant while the host cell reproduces?
a)
lytic
b)
mitosis
c)
lysogenic
d)
S phase
54.
What important role do bacteria called decomposers play?
a)
They return basic chemicals to the environment.
b)
They produce vitamins
c)
They slow down food spoilage.
d)
They kill harmful bacteria.
55.
Unlike the cells of eukaryotes, the cells of bacteria do not have
a)
a nucleus
b)
cell walls
c)
flagellum
d)
cells
56.
A bacterial infection can be cured with an antibiotic because ____________
a)
a virus can be killed with an antibiotic
b)
bacteria are living organisms
c)
bacteria do not cause bad infections
d)
bacterial infections only occur in infants
57.
Describe the three ways bacteria reproduce.
a)
binary fission, conjugation, forming endospores
b)
binary fission, budding, forming endospores
c)
conjugation, sexual and forming endospores
d)
they cannot reproduce
58.
Vaccines contain weakened or dead parts of antigens.
a)
True
b)
False
59.
A vaccines main goal is to:
a)
make people sick
b)
prevent disease
c)
start an epidemic
d)
start a pandemic
60.
Vaccines protect:
a)
vaccinated person
b)
those too young to be vaccinated
c)
those who have weak immune system
d)
all of the above
61.
Ebola is caused by a ?
a)
Virus
b)
Bacteria
c)
Protist
d)
We don't know.
62.
Ebola could be found ?
a)
In saliva
b)
On the skin
c)
In blood
d)
All of these
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