The center of the atom, which contains protons and neutrons, is called the _______________.

_______ are positively charged particles (p+)

___________ are particles with no charge (n).

______________ are negatively charged particles (e-) that are found moving around outside the nucleus.

A(n) ______________ is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by physical or chemical means.

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called ____________.

A ____________ is a pure substance formed when two or more elements combine.

The chemical bond that forms when electrons are shared is called a ______________.

A ___________ is a compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds.

An atom that has gained or lost an electron and carries a + or - charge is called a(n) ______________.

A(n) _________________ is an electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms. (positive and negative attract)

When molecules come close together, the positive and negative charges pull and hold the molecules together. This attraction is called __________.

A _________ is a process in which atoms in substances are rearranged to form different substances.

In a chemical equation, the ___________ are the substances we start with, and are found on the left side of the arrow.

In a chemical equation, the _____________ are the substances we end up with, and are found on the right side of the arrow.

The minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur is called _______________.

A __________ is a substance that lowers the activation energy of a chemical reaction

Special proteins called ____________ are the catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

The reactants that bind to the enzyme are called __________.

The specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme is called _____________.

Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges are called _________________.

A ___________ is a weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom.

A _________ is a combination of two or more substances, in which the original ingredients retain their own characteristics (hint: like Kool-Aid in water).

A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout. Hint: Also called a homogeneous mixture

A ___________ is a substance in which another substance dissolves (example: water is what the Kool-Aid dissolves in).

A _________ is the substance that dissolves in the solvent (example: the Kool-aid is the substance that dissolves in the water).

Substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) in water are called _______________. Hint: these substances will have a low pH

Substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) in water are called ______________.

The measure of concentration of H+ ions in a solution is called ______

________ are mixtures that can react with acids or bases to keep the pH within a certain range.

__________ are large molecules that are formed by joining smaller organic molecules together.

___________ are molecules made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds called monomers, held together by a chain of covalent bonds.

Compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio of 1 oxygen and 2 hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom are called _______________.

____________ are molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen, and make up fats, oils, and waxes.

A ____________ is a compound made of a chain of small amino acids.

___________ are small compounds that are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur.

__________ are complex macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information.

Nucleic acids are made of smaller repeating subunits made of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and hydrogen that are called _____________.