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Chemistry of Life

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What makes a molecule polar?
a)
Equal sharing of valence electrons
b)
Unequal sharing of valence electrons
c)
Stealing of electrons
d)
Temporary charges that come and go
2.
Why is Carbon so important to living things?
a)
It forms molecules easily
b)
It can form many shapes
c)
It is in most organic molecule
d)
All of these
3.
Which of the following is an organic compound?
a)
H2O
b)
C6H12O6
c)
NH2
d)
OH
4.
Because water has a positively charged end and a negatively charged end, it can be described as
a)
amphipathic
b)
hydrophobic
c)
polar
d)
nonpolar
5.
What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent that it is often called the "universal solvent?"
a)
Purity
b)
Polarity and cohesion
c)
High heat capacity
d)
Expansion upon freezing
6.
Which of the following properties of water enables molecules to cling together as they move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
a)
Water expands as it freezes.
b)
Water is an excellent solvent.
c)
Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
d)
Water moderates temperature.
7.
Some insects can stand on the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, but they do not break the surface. Why?
a)
The insects are light enough so they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
b)
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water’s surface and they only skim it with their feet.
c)
The insect’s feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water’s surface.
d)
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
8.
The 4 macromolecules are
a)
vitamins, lipids, water, micronutrients
b)
micronutrients, macronutrients, water, vitamins
c)
Lipids, Waxes, Vitamin A, Water
d)
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
9.

Refers to the three-dimensional structure of an entire amino acid chain in a protein molecule

a)

tertiary structure

b)

primary structure

c)

secondary structure

d)

polypeptide

10.
Which of the following characteristics of carbon makes it a good building block for molecules?
a)
Carbon can easily transfer its electrons to other atoms
b)
Carbon forms both covalent and ionic bonds
c)
Carbon has four valence electrons and can share electrons with many atoms
d)
Carbon easily reacts with water to form solutions in living things
11.
Attractions between the negative end of one water molecule and the positive end of a different water molecule are called
a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Ionic bonds
c)
Polar bonds
d)
Hydrogen bonds
12.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
13.
DNA and RNA are examples of...
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
14.
Which macromolecule is made of amino acids?
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Proteins
15.
Which macromolecule is made of nucleotides?
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Proteins
16.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
17.
Also known as simple sugars, these are carbohydrate monomers.
a)
lipids
b)
nucleotides
c)
monosaccharides
d)
monomers
18.
What reaction is shown in the diagram and how do you know?
a)
Hydrolysis because water is removed
b)
Dehydration synthesis because a larger molecule is being broken down into monomers
c)
Hydrolysis because a larger molecule is being made
d)
Dehydration synthesis because water is removed, forming a polymer
19.

Carbohydrates contain the following elements:

a)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

b)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

c)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorous

d)

Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen

20.

Polymers are broken down into monomers by the process of:

a)

hydrolysis

b)

dehydration synthesis

c)

condensation synthesis

d)

hydrosynthesis

21.
Monomers combine to form ________ through the process of ________.
a)
polymers; hydrolysis
b)
polymers; dehydration synthesis
c)
monomers; hydrolysis
d)
monomers; dehydration synthesis
22.
Which of the following is LEAST likely to dissolve in water?
a)
nonpolar fats and oils
b)
polar sugar molecules
c)
salt made of a positive sodium ion and a negative chloride ion
d)
all of the substances will dissolve easily in water
23.
What do disaccharides, such as sucrose, and polysaccharides, such as starch, have in common?
a)
They are lipids made of fatty acids.
b)
They are proteins made of amino acids.
c)
They are nucleic acids made of nucleotides.
d)
They are carbohydrates made of simple sugars.
24.
Which level of structural organisation of a polypeptide if changed leads to complete change in all the levels of structural organisation of a polypeptide?
a)
Primary
b)
Secondary
c)
Tertiary
d)
Quaternary
25.
Which polymer group is used as long term STORED energy?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acids
26.

Which of the following term refers to the order in which amino acids are linked together in a protein.

a)

primary structure

b)

secondary structure

c)

tertiary structure

d)

quaternary structure

27.

The tertiary structure folding in proteins is primarily due to the interactions of

a)

R groups

b)

bonding sequential amino acids

c)

amine (-NH) groups

d)

carboxyl (-COOH) groups

28.

Most of the cell membrane is made of

a)

lipids.

b)

carbohydrates.

c)

proteins.

d)

nucleic acids.

29.

Which of the following best described the make-up of a phospholipid?

a)

The head is polar/hydrophilic; the tail is non-polar/hydrophobic

b)

The head is non-polar/hydrophilic; the tail is polar/hydrophobic

c)

The head is non-polar/hydrophilic ; the tail is polar/hydrophilic

d)

The head is polar/hydrophobic; the tail is non-polar/hydrophilic

30.

What elements are found in carbohydrates? (Select all that applies)

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Oxygen

e)

Phosphorus

31.

What elements are found in lipids? (Select all that applies)

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Oxygen

e)

Phosphorus

32.

What elements are found in proteins? (Select all that applies)

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Oxygen

e)

Phosphorus

33.

What elements are found in nucleic acids? (Select all that applies)

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Oxygen

e)

Phosphorus

34.

Which specific type of biological macromolecule does this monomer belong?

a)

triglyceride

b)

protein

c)

phospholipid

d)

nucleic acid

35.

Which major class of biological macromolecule is this?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

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