The diagram shows how sunlight is distributed after it enters Earth’s atmosphere. The distribution of this energy is a result of certain gases in the atmosphere, greenhouse gases. These gases trap heat from the surface.

If the concentrations of greenhouse gases increases, then the effect of which arrow in the diagram would increase as a result?

The diagram is a simplified model of four Earth systems—the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere—and the changes that their interactions causes.

Which statement is MOST USEFUL for explaining or using this model?

The diagram shows a model feeding relationship in an ecosystem. What is shown by the arrows that lead to and from the raccoon?

What is the direct source of energy for all consumers?

Which of the following BEST describes the flow of energy through a food chain?

The diagram is an example of:

The diagram is an example of:

A is a _________________________

B is a _________________________

C is a _________________________

D is a _________________________

What is evaporation?

What is transpiration?

How do evaporation and transpiration differ?

Phosphorus that circulates in the phosphorus cycle are most commonly found where?

According to the 10% Law, if the producer possesses 100,000 J of energy, how much energy would the herbivore (primary consumer) acquire after eating the producer?

What is a limiting nutrient?

Which of these is shown from the SMALLEST TO LARGEST?

What MUST be present in an environment for a photosynthetic producer to maintain its function in an energy pyramid?

The diagram represnts an energy pyramid. At each successive level from A to D, the amount of of available energy _____.

in the 1940’s. About 40 years into the study, the wolf population crashed when humans introduced the canine-parvovirus. Additional factors over the years have impacted both populations. At one point during the study, the moose population collapsed during the most severe winter on record followed by an outbreak of moose ticks.

What point on the graph represents the outbreak of moose ticks and a drastic decline in the moose population?

What are the two processes that keep the carbon cycle going?

Which best describes the correct order of the scientific method?

Which of these questions could BEST be answered with the scientific method?

Scientists’ understanding of viruses has advanced greatly in the last fifty years. Which two statements provide evidence to support the classification of viruses as nonliving?

Mr. Delgado notices that the leaves of her lily plant are drooping this morning. The leaves were not droopy yesterday. She decides the plant needs to be watered. What had Camille just done?

Testing hypotheses often involves designing experiments. Which of the following is the factor that is observed and measured in an experiment?

Hyenas feed on carrion that were left over by lions

Rats eat anything from insects, to worms, to apples, to seeds, and small birds

Dung beetles gather deer droppings and food particles and roll it into a ball

Crocodiles patiently waiting for wildebeest to cross the river and make a kill

an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

an animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin.

an animal that feeds on plants.

an animal which feeds on dead organic material, especially plant detritus.