The _________ is the stationary (non-moving) foundation of the curl, on the area closest to the scalp.

____________ curls serve as a basis for patterns, lines, waves, curls, and rolls that are used in a wide range of hairstyles and can be used on all types of hair including straight, permanent waved, or naturally curly hair.

What type of curl is placed directly on the base of the curl and produces a tight, firm, long-lasting curl and allows minimum mobility?

What type of curl is placed completely off base and allows for the greatest mobility?

A ___________ is a section of hair that is molded in a circular movement in preparation for the formation of curls.

Which type of pin curls produce even, smooth waves, and uniform curls?

Which pin curls produce waves that get smaller in size toward the end?

The terms ___________ curls, and ____________ curls are used to describe the direction of pin curls.

_________ base pin curls are usually recommended at the side front hairline for a smooth, upswept effect.

What pin curl base is recommended for use along the front hairline to prevent splits or breaks in the finished style?

Which pin curls are fastened to the head in a standing position to create height in the hair design?

Large diameter pin curls that are similar to a roller, but do not have the same amount of tension, are called ____________ curls.

Two rows of ridge curls on the side of a head are called ________.

Ridge curls are pin curls placed immediately behind or below a ridge to form a ___________.

Pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head are referred to as _____________.

The technique of forcing hair between the thumb and the back of the comb to create tension is called ________________.

What is the most commonly shaped pin curl base?

Arc base pin curls are also known as half-moon or __________ base curls.

Which one works best on backcombed or backbrushed hair because having a base helps it from falling out?

Which type of pin keeps the hair tight to the head and can be interlocked to secure them in place?