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Soils Review

Total questions: 48

Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of these particles in soil has the most water retention?
a)
clay
b)
gravel
c)
silt
d)
sand
2.
How does nutrients necessary for plant growth get in the soil?
a)
Soil absorbs sunlight.
b)
Soil is exposed to oxygen.
c)
Organic matter is decayed in the soil
d)
Water flows through the soil.
3.
The texture of soil depends on the:
a)
mass
b)
water in the soil
c)
plants growing in the soil
d)
composition of the soil
4.
Some plants need to be in an environment where water drained easily. What type of soil would benefit these plants?
a)
sand
b)
shale
c)
clay
d)
silt
5.
The finest grain soil is richest in:
a)
clay
b)
humus
c)
sand
d)
iron
6.
In order to increase water retention, you should add the following to soil:
a)
organic matter
b)
loose gravel
c)
nitrogen pellets
d)
coarse sand
7.
What is the source of the organic matter needed for most fertile soils?
a)
moving water
b)
eroded sand
c)
decaying plants
d)
weathered bedrock
8.
Which animal would best help the soil hold water?
a)
earthworms making tunnels under the surface
b)
cattle making depressions with their hooves
c)
horses making trenches when the gallop
d)
sheep pulling up plants by their roots
9.
Topsoil is considered to be most fertile when it has:
a)
low PH level
b)
low sand content
c)
high organic matter level
d)
high parent rock material level
10.
Which type of soil has the least capacity for holding water?
a)
silt
b)
sand
c)
humus
d)
clay
11.
What is a good indication that soil contains nutrients?
a)
texture
b)
color
c)
amount of sand
d)
amount of clay
12.

Which soil horizon is called the Topsoil?

a)

O

b)

A

c)

E

d)

B

13.

Which soil horizon is called the subsoil?

a)

O

b)

A

c)

R

d)

B

14.

Which layer of soil is made of organic material?

a)

O

b)

A

c)

R

d)

B

15.

The color of the A horizon is most often...

a)

dark (black)

b)

white / gray

c)

red

d)

yellow

16.

What is the Texture for Silt Based on the Texture: SILTY CLAY:


5% SAND

50% CLAY

a)

45%

b)

38%

c)

36%

d)

55%

17.

Choose all materials that soil is made of

a)

water

b)

air

c)

organic matter

d)

mineral matter

18.

Mineral matter is inorganic material, meaning it didn't originate as a plant or animal. Mineral matter began as a ____________ .

a)

solid

b)

gas

c)

rock

d)

tree

19.

This soil particle feels gritty to the touch

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

clay

20.

This soil particle feels like flour when dry and smooth like velvet when moist.

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

clay

21.

This soil particle forms hard clumps when it's dry and is sticky when it's wet

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

clay

22.

The proportions of the three soil types determines the soil ____________ .

a)

density

b)

texture

c)

horizon

d)

imaging

23.

the accumulation of decayed or partially decayd plants and animals. Most of this is from plant leaves, roots, and stems.

a)

mineral matter

b)

water holding ability

c)

infiltration

d)

organic matter

24.

The downward movement of water through the soil is known as ________________ .

a)

precipitation

b)

percolation

c)

persperation

d)

particles

25.

Plants perform best when there is a balance between air and water in the soil

a)

True

b)

False

26.

the process in which the climate literally causes rocks to break into small pieces

a)

erosion

b)

watering

c)

climate control

d)

weathering

27.

Which of the following is not a way that soil particles are transported as they break off from the parent rocks?

a)

water

b)

the wind

c)

glaciers

d)

birds

28.

The process in which organic matter is broke down is known as _________________ .

a)

humus

b)

organic waste

c)

decomposition

d)

loess

29.

A soil profile is a view of a cross section of soil, this view reveals the layers of soil known as _____________ .

a)

profiles

b)

structures

c)

horizons

d)

aggregates

30.

This layer of soil contains parent material, there is no organic matter or root development in this horizon

a)

A Horizon

b)

B Horizon

c)

C Horizon

d)

D or R Horizon

31.

The ideal soil is a ___________ soil.

a)

silty

b)

sandy

c)

loamy

d)

heavy

32.
There is an unlimited supply of fertile soil.
a)
True
b)
False
33.
Soil's one of the Earth’s most valuable resources. Everything on Earth depends on soil somehow.
a)
True
b)
False
34.
Soil layers are called horizons because...
a)
The layers are all different
b)
The layers are vertical
c)
The layers are horizontal
d)
The layers are above one another
35.
The non-decomposed organic material that lies on top of the A Horizon is called...
a)
Trash
b)
Stuff
c)
Litter
d)
Dog poop
36.
Which of the following is NOT one of the three layers of soil?
a)
topsoil
b)
undersoil
c)
subsoil
d)
bedrock
37.
Humus is.....
a)
the dead parts of plants and animals in soil.
b)
A food we eat with pretzels.
c)
The tiny particles inside of soil
d)
The roots that come off of a plant and live in soil.
38.
Ellen grabs a topsoil sample in her hand. She rolls it into a ball. The soil feels gritty and the ball falls apart. What part of the topsoil most likely made the topsoil feel gritty?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
silt
d)
humus
39.
When there are not enough plants to hold topsoil in place, water and  _______ carry the topsoil away, leaving the subsoil exposed
a)
sunlight
b)
birds
c)
magnetic fields
d)
wind
40.
Many plants cannot grow in clay soil. Why is this true?
a)
Clay soil does not have many nutrients.
b)
Roots cannot easily push through clay soil.
c)
Water doesn't drain well through clay.
d)
All of these choices.
41.

This type of erosion is what was seen in the dust bowl era.

a)

Water Erosion

b)

Human Erosion

c)

Wind Erosion

d)

Natural Erosion

42.
What would be the best soil texture for growing crops, such as corn and vegetables?
a)
Loam
b)
Sand
c)
Sandy clay
d)
Silty Loam
43.
Which of the following is the best reason soil texture is important?
a)
it affects ability for soil to hold water
b)
it affects ability for soil to hold nutrients
c)
it affects soils chance of erosion
d)
All of the above
44.
You dig a small hole in the soil and the next day it rains. The hole fills with water, but does not empty even after several days of dry weather. What is the soil mostly made of?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
humus
d)
silt
45.
Many plants cannot grow in sandy soil. Why is this true?
a)
Sandy soil does not hold enough water.
b)
Air cannot pass through sandy soil.
c)
Roots cannot easily push through sandy soil.
d)
Sandy soil has too many nutrients.
46.
Soil is made of
a)
weathered rocks and minerals
b)
dead plants and animals
c)
air and water
d)
all of the above
47.

This is not one of the primary nutrients in fertilizer

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Phosphorus

c)

Potassium

d)

Calcium

48.

Which of the following is the correct order of the soil horizons?

a)

A-B-C-O-R

b)

R-A-B-C-O

c)

O-A-B-C-R

d)

C-B-R-O-A

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