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Anatomy Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Atomic number is...

a)

each element consists of one type of atom

b)

is equal to the number protons and/or electrons in an atom

c)

atoms that are of the same element

2.

About ____________ of the human body weight is water.

a)

30%

b)

50%

c)

80%

d)

65%

3.

______________ is a compound that disassociates in water to form hydrogen ions.

a)

Base

b)

Acid

c)

pH

d)

Buffer

4.

The _____________ structure is the sequence of amino acids bonded in a polypeptide.

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

quaternary

5.

TRUE or FALSE Lipid molecules contain at least carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

6.

_____________ molecules consist of two long of strands of bonded nucleotides.

a)

DNA

b)

Element

c)

mRNA

7.

What number is neutral on the pH scale?

a)

6

b)

7

c)

8

d)

5

8.

____________________ is a compound consisting of a cation other than hydrogen and an anion other than hydroxyl ion.

a)

Water

b)

Salt

c)

Buffer

d)

Ion

9.

TRUE or FALSE Nucleic acids are long molecules consisting of bonded subunits called nucleotides.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

10.

TRUE or FALSE The four most common elements in the human body are carbon, lithium, oxygen and nitrogen.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

11.

Glycogen is a...

a)

monosaccharide

b)

polysaccharide

c)

lipid

12.

What are protons and electrons equal to?

a)

atomic mass

b)

atomic number

c)

neutrons

d)

atomic weight

13.

What is an atom that has lost or gained an electron?

a)

element

b)

base

c)

isotope

d)

ion

14.

The building blocks of proteins are...

a)

lipids

b)

DNA

c)

nucleotides

d)

amino acids

15.

Lipids always contain what elements?

a)

carbon

b)

hydrogen

c)

oxygen

d)

all of the listed elements

16.

How much of the human body is made of water?

a)

70%

b)

65%

c)

55%

d)

60%

17.

What do all proteins contain?

a)

carbon and nitrogen

b)

hydrogen

c)

oxygen

d)

All of the listed elements

18.

TRUE or FALSE An acid is a proton acceptor.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

19.

The pH scale range is...

a)

2-6

b)

0-14

c)

0-13

20.

What charge does an electron have?

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

21.

What lipid consists of three fatty acids bonded to a molecule of glycerol?

a)

phospholipid

b)

triglyceride

22.

Cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Made of entirely one type of atom.

a)

Atomic number

b)

Atomic weight/mass

c)

Element

d)

Isotope

23.

The number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

a)

Atomic number

b)

Element

c)

Atomic weight/mass

d)

Ion

24.

The main polysaccharide in the body.

a)

Glucose

b)

Glycogen

c)

Fructose

d)

Galactose

25.

This is a diagram of a

a)

lipid

b)

disaccharide

c)

planetary model

d)

amino acid

26.

This is the structural formula of a

a)

monosaccharide

b)

triglyceride

c)

RNA molecule

d)

amino acid

27.

This is the structural formula of a

a)

amino acid

b)

lipid

c)

carbohydrate

d)

nucleotide

28.

This is the structural formula of a

a)

amino acid

b)

DNA molecule

c)

lipid

d)

sugar

29.

Proteins have the following biological functions: structure, regulation, transport, catalysis, and...

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

contraction

d)

isomers

30.
What is the strongest of all the bonding types?
a)
Covalent
b)
Ionic
c)
Hydrogen
d)
Metallic
31.
What are the four elements that all life is made up of?
a)
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon
b)
Helium, Oxygen, Neon and Carbon
c)
Hydrogen, Titanium, Carbon, Nitrogen
d)
Oxygen, Chlorine, Iron, Nitrogen
32.
This biomolecule is used to make energy for our cells. The simplest is glucose, a monosaccharide.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Proteins
33.
These biomolecules are fats, oils, waxes and steroids. They are also a result if we eat too many carbohydrates and why we don't melt in water.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Enzymes
34.
Examples of these biomolecules are DNA and RNA...
a)
Nucleic Acids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Lipids
d)
Proteins
35.
Nucleic Acids are made up of smaller subunits called....
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Lipids
c)
Monosaccharides
d)
Subunits
36.
These biomolecules are the main building blocks of you. They are large and complex and special ones do jobs all over your body as catalysts.
a)
Proteins
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Lipids
d)
Nucleic Acids
37.
Proteins are made up of two things...
a)
Amino Acids and Peptide Bonds
b)
Amino Acids and Covalent Bonds
c)
Amino Acids and Hydrogen Bonds
d)
Amino Acids and Ionic Bonds
38.
How many Amino Acids does our body use to make proteins?
a)
20
b)
10
c)
6
d)
2
39.
What are special types of proteins that act as catalysts?
a)
Enzymes
b)
Lipids
c)
Polysaccharides
d)
DNA
40.
Are enzymes substrate specific?
a)
YES!
b)
No...
41.
Enzymes can either...
a)
break things down or put things togeter
b)
break things down only
c)
put things together only
d)
make cheese
42.
Where an enzyme joins with a substrate is called its...
a)
Active Site
b)
Mouth
c)
Substrate
d)
pH
43.
Enzymes make chemical reactions go faster by doing what?
a)
Lowering the activation energy of a reaction
b)
Making energy
c)
Absorbing energy
d)
Having a dance off with other enzymes
44.
What are the four main types of molecules found in the cells of living things?
a)
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
b)
lipids, nutrients, nucleic acids, and carbon dioxide
c)
carbon dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen, and various salts
d)
atoms, molecules, chemical compounds, and carbohydrates
45.
The cells in living things contain four main molecules that allow the cells to function. Which of these molecules cannot mix with water?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
nucleic acids
d)
carbohydrates
46.
Which of these statements best describes a molecule?
a)
All molecules must contain carbon and oxygen.
b)
All molecules must have two different elements.
c)
All molecules are made up of two or more atoms
d)
All molecules must have at least three different atoms.
47.
the central region of an atom where its neutrons and protons are is its 
a)
nucleus 
b)
electron cloud
c)
core 
d)
center 
48.
A particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n)...
a)
Proton
b)
Neutron
c)
Electron
d)
Quark
49.

Which of the following statements best describes a covalent bond?

a)

A bond where nitrogen is bonded to everything.

b)

A bond where electrons are shared.

c)

A bond where electrons are donated from one atom to another.

50.
Protein molecules are composed of long chains of __________ .
a)
ribosomes
b)
RNA
c)
amino acids
d)
DNA
51.
Which has a pH below 7?
a)
Acid
b)
Base
52.

An acid with a pH of 4 is how many times stronger than an acid with a pH of 5?

a)

1 times stronger

b)

10 times stronger

c)

100 times stronger

d)

1 times weaker

53.

Isotopes have a different number of

a)

protons

b)

electrons

c)

neutrons

d)

nuclei

54.

What is the main biological function of carbohydrates?

a)

Store energy

b)

Contain genetic information

c)

Make up enzymes

d)

Make you fat

55.
What determines the chemical properties of an atom?
a)
The number of protons in the nucleus
b)
Number of electrons in the outside shell
c)
The number of protons in the outside shell
d)
The number of electrons in the nucleus
56.
Bond created by electrical attraction between atoms (+ and -)
a)
Ionic bond
b)
Covalent bond
c)
Hydrogen bond
d)
van der Waals
57.
Attraction between slightly positive atom of one molecule to a slightly negative atom of another molecule 
a)
ionic bond
b)
hydrogen bond
c)
covalent bond
d)
van der Waals
58.
A charged atoms (caused by gain or loss of electrons)
a)
Ion
b)
molecule
c)
element
d)
compound
59.
Who am I? I'm a polymer composed of amino acids that are linked by peptide bonds. Amino acid bonds determine my folds. 
a)
Lipid
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Sugar
60.
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
a)
Amino acids
b)
Fatty acids
c)
Nucleotides
d)
Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
61.
Enzymes are lipids.
a)
True
b)
False
62.
Enzymes _____ the activation energy of a reaction by binding a substrate and holding it in a way that lowers the activation energy.
a)
Lower
b)
Raise
c)
Maintain
63.
Most enzymes in with the suffix --
a)
-yme
b)
-gen
c)
-nic
d)
-ase
64.
All carbohydrates are —
a)
composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms
b)
are made of amino acids
c)
composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms
d)
composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus atoms
 D are made of fatty acids 
65.
Made of monomers of amino acids
a)
Carbohydrates 
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins 
d)
Nucleic Acids
66.
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about enzymes?
a)
they are proteins
b)
they can change shape when temperature or pH change
c)
they are used up in chemical reactions
d)
they speed up the rate of chemical reactions
67.

Carbon is called the element of life because

a)

It can bond with itself in different ways

b)

It forms four covalent bonds

c)

It is found in all living things

d)

All of these answers are correct

68.

Water's ability to dissolve many substances arises from:

a)

Water molecules being polar

b)

Water molecules being non-polar

c)

Water's high heat capacity

d)

Water being hydrophobic in nature

69.

Which of the following is likely an enzyme?

a)

Glucose

b)

Amylase

c)

Sucrose

d)

Polylactic Acid

70.
What do carbohydrates provide for the body?
a)
Helps build and repair body tissue
b)
Helps hydrate your body
c)
Provides your body's main source of energy
d)
Helps vital processes 

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