Checkpoints occur between the stages of the cell cycle. If a cell does not meet certain criteria at the end of a stage, it will not move to the next stage. Which of these occurs just before the cell enters the G2 stage of the cell cycle?

Part of the cell cycle is shown in this simplified model. This part of the cell cycle is best described as the process that —

Pepsin and trypsin are two of the digestive enzymes that break down protein. A group of students studied the pH requirements of these enzymes. The graph below shows the results. The students found that pepsin functions best in an acid environment and trypsin functions best in a neutral environment. Based on their observations, pepsin most likely aids in digestion in which part of the human body?

The basic building blocks of proteins are called amino acids. In a protein, amino acids are held together by peptide bonds. Why are proteins essential to all life?

By what process does a cell move particles from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration?

Which of the following describes a form of active transport?

Which of the following describes osmosis?

Some students used vinegar to dissolve away the shells of three eggs and used these eggs as models of human red blood cells. The students observed the changes in the eggs when they were placed in different solutions. Which statement best describes the role of the cell membrane in this model?

Which molecule synthesized by plants is a major source of energy for cellular processes in both plants and animals?

A chain of amino acids is an example of a -

According to the table, which of the following phenotypes would probably occur in all the offspring from the parents shown above?

Red color (R) is dominant over White (r) in roses. When a Red Rose (RR) plant is crossed with a White Rose (rr) plant, what percent of the offspring will most probably be white?

In humans, freckles (F) on the skin are dominant to no freckles (f). If two parents are heterozygous for the trait, which statement below best describes their chances of having a child with no freckles?

In humans, wet ear wax and long eye lashes are both dominant traits. If a female with wet ear wax and long eye lashes (WwLl) mates with a male with dry ear wax and short eye lashes (wwll), what are the chances that the offspring will have both dominant phenotypes?

Which of the following cellular processes produce four genetically unique haploid gametes?

A rat has 42 chromosomes in each somatic cell. How many chromosomes are in each gamete?

The diagram illustrates a process that occurs often during meiosis. The most likely result of this process is —

Which cell phase is pictured above?

During prophase, chromosomes become visible, the spindle forms, and the nucleolus and nuclear envelope disappear. In which cellular process does prophase occur?

Students were asked to identify two cellular processes based on their characteristics. What is the identity of Cellular Process 1 and Cellular Process 2?

What occurs inside of a cell while it is performing the process of photosynthesis?

What is one way that cellular respiration differs from photosynthesis?

Plants and animals are both "eukaryotes" and as such they have many cellular structures that are the same. What organelle is present in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

The invention of the electron microscope helped biologist view more details about the structure of cells. Because of this, biologist divided cells into two groups based on their internal structure. What do prokaryotes lack that eukaryotes do not?

Lipases are enzymes that speed up the digestion of which type of compound?

Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function?

The graphs show the reaction rate for an enzyme across a range of temperatures and pH. Based on these data, this enzyme functions best at what temperature and pH?

One function of the carbohydrate macromolecule is to store energy. Which other macromolecule also functions in storing energy?

When the process of mitosis is correctly completed, the daughter cells should contain exact copies of all of an organism’s genes. Which biomolecule contains all of an organism’s genes?

What type of biomolecule is used during facilitated diffusion to allow large particles in or out of the cell?

An animal cell is viewed with an electron microscope and is observed to have an increased number of ribosomes along the endoplasmic reticulum. What is a reasonable hypothesis of the cell's function in the organism?

Food provides the human body with all of the following except...

In which of the following cellular processes is water passively transferred in and out of a cell, across the cell membrane?

A scientist is investigating cell transport. She observes molecules being transported into a cell through proteins present in the cell membrane. These proteins do not use energy to transport the molecules. Which of the following best explains the type of cell transport observed by the scientist?

Which of the following describes what happens at the end of the M phase and before the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

Refer to the diagram. During which phase does DNA replication occur?

Students constructed a diagram to represent two related cellular processes. What statement accurately names and describes the function of the organelle labeled B?

Arrange the stages in order.