A plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season

A flowering plant that takes two years to complete its life cycle.

The ability of a seed or plant to grow and function normally.

A plant that lives for more than two years.

A perennial plant’s state of temporary metabolic inactivity. In this state the plant stops growing and conserves energy.

Vascular plants that have no woody stems.

This means the plant is strong, healthy, and full of energy.

The development of a plant from a seed.

A substance through which a plant’s roots grow and extract water and nutrients.

Seedling or plant that is growing excessively thin and tall due to lack of adequate light.

The embryonic leaves which are the first leaves to appear in a germinating seed/seedling.

The process of a sheltered plant being acclimated to its environment.

Weakening, opening, or otherwise altering the seed’s coat in order to promote germination.

Treating seeds to stimulate natural conditions (usually placing them in a cold area for a period of time) in order to promote germination.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of hybrid plants?

In order for a seed to sprout it does NOT need proper amounts of:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good starting medium?

Why does a growing container need to have holes in the bottom?

If seedlings do not get enough bright light, they will become____.

When is the ideal time to transplant seedlings?

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of nutrient deficiencies in seedlings (and mature plants)?

A region of tissue at the tips of shoots and roots where rapid cell division occurs to make that part of the plant longer.

The cells inside of a seed that will eventually turn into the plant’s roots, shoots, and leaves.

The process of cell division to create new cells for growth and repair of plant tissues.

The type of growth in a plant that causes the plants roots and shoots to become longer.

The type of growth in a plant that causes stems and other areas to become thicker.

A type of plant that produces two seed leaves upon germination.

A type of plant that produces one seed leaf upon germination.

A layer of tissue in plants that undergoes secondary growth and creates xylem and phloem.

Tissue in plants that conducts water and nutrients up from the roots to the rest of the plant. It also forms the woody part of plants.

Tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

The portion of a stem in a plant that is between two successive leaves or leaf pairs.

A lateral meristem that functions in secondary growth and replaces the epidermis in the roots and stems.

Pressure inside a cell that pushes the cell membrane outward into the cell wall. This occurs when more water enters into the cell.

A pigment in plant cells that causes them to be green.

A process in which light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy in plants.

This is a kind of plant that flowers and sets seed only once in its life.

This is a kind of plant that flowers and sets seed two or more times in its life.

The process/chemical reaction that uses sugars and oxygen to produce energy for the plant.

This is a hormone that promotes and regulates the growth in plants. It is produced in the meristem tissue.

This is a hormone that regulates dormancy of a plant and stomata closure in the leaves.

This is a hormone that promotes cell division in roots and shoots.

This is a hormone that promotes fruit ripening.

This is a particle or ‘packet’ of light that travels to the chloroplasts and is used to drive photosynthesis.

This is the range of certain wavelengths of light that a plant can use for photosynthetic reactions.

This is the emission (giving off) of electrons, thereby releasing energy to be used in photosynthesis, when those electrons are hit with a particle or packet of light.

An organic compound that gives color to a plant’s tissues by reflecting certain wavelengths of light.

The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy that is captured by light-absorbing pigments (such as chlorophyll) to be converted into chemical energy.

The chemical reactions where carbon is removed from carbon dioxide to make other organic molecules such as sugars.