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Histology final exam

Total questions: 162

Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which duct that does not branch?

a)

compound

b)

single

c)

tubular

d)

alveolar

2.

this process by which all cytoplasmic components of the cell are divided into two identical daughter cells

a)

mitosis

b)

differentiation

c)

cytokinesis

d)

induction

3.

name the 2 types of nerves in the periodontal ligaments

a)

myelinated efferent and autonomic

b)

myelinated afferent and motor

c)

myelinated afferent and autonomic

d)

myelinated efferent and motor

4.

name the 3 groups of fibers in the PDL

a)

cementoblastic, alveolodental ligament gingival fiber group

b)

alveolodental ligament, circumpapillae gingival fiber group

c)

alveolodental ligament, cementoblastic transseptal ligament

d)

gingival fiber group, alveolodental ligament transseptal ligament

5.

these concentric series of bands represent incremental growth lines that extend from the DEJ

a)

neonatal line

b)

nasmith's membrane

c)

lines of retzius

d)

demarcation bands

6.

which type of junctions bind cells together by creating 'spot welds' between adjacent membranes?

a)

tight junctions

b)

hemidesmosomes

c)

gap junctions

d)

desmosomes

7.

which embryonic layer produces alveolar process

a)

endoderm

b)

mesoderm

c)

ectoderm

d)

none of the above

8.

which component of blood functions in clotting

a)

neutrophil

b)

platelets

c)

mast cells

d)

monocytes

9.

the oral cavity has a turn over time of 27 days

a)

true

b)

false

10.

the alveolodental ligament fiber group includes all fibers except?

a)

dentinogingival

b)

oblique

c)

alveolar crest

d)

interradicular

11.

the primitive mouth starts to form at

a)

6 weeks

b)

10 weeks

c)

4 weeks

d)

8 weeks

12.

alveolar mucosa is non keratinized

a)

true

b)

false

13.

which gland secrets small amounts of cytoplasm/cell with secretory product?

a)

holocrine

b)

merocrine

c)

apocrine

d)

endocrine

14.

Neutrophils are

a)

involve b cells and t cells

b)

1st to arrive to the site of injury and are involved in acute, inflammatory response

c)

involved in allergic reactions

d)

involved in later stages of inflammation

15.

in what stage of mitosis does the nuclear membrane disappear?

a)

anaphase

b)

metaphase

c)

prophase

d)

telophase

16.

Cementum formation

a)

occurs during the first 4 weeks in utero

b)

is ongoing throughout life

c)

stops at 2 years old

d)

begins at 2 years old

17.

what structures make up the hard palate?

a)

the globular process

b)

right palatine process

c)

left palatine process

d)

all of the above

18.

what lines can be seen with the naked eye on the cervical 2/3rds of the crown?

a)

hunter schreger bands

b)

enamel tuffs

c)

enamel spindles

d)

perikymata

19.

golgi apparatus

a)

is the second largest organelle

b)

sorts, condenses, packages and delivers proteins from the RER

c)

releases contents by exocytosis

d)

all of the above

20.

the basement membrane is located between the epithelium and connective tissue. The 2 layers that make up the basal lamina are lamina lucida and reticular lamina

a)

both statements are true

b)

first statement is false, second statement is true

c)

both statements are false

d)

first statement is true, second statement is false

21.

Meckel's cartilage is important in the formation of the maxilla

a)

true

b)

false

22.

develop on inner surface fo enamel organ (IEE)

a)

osteoblasts

b)

odontoblasts

c)

cementocytes

d)

ameloblast

23.

osteon is

a)

unit of structure in compact bone

b)

contains haversian canals

c)

composed of lamellae

d)

all of the above

24.

the area of bone loss where an apical root penetrates the cortical bone is called...

a)

lamina dura

b)

alveolar crest

c)

fenestration

d)

alveolar bone

25.

the fibrous matrix of cementum...

a)

consists of only Sharpey's fibers

b)

consists only of intrinsic non-periodontal fibers

c)

is found in the enamel

26.

reticular fibers are composed of

a)

collagen

b)

elastic

c)

reticulin

d)

none of the above

27.

sometimes odontoblastic processes pass across the DEJ into the enamel and become trapped. when this happens it is called...

a)

enamel tufts

b)

enamel junction

c)

enamel spindles

d)

enamel rods

28.

Endoplasmic Reticulum is

a)

production of DNA and RNA

b)

Synthesizes protein and lipid molecules

c)

modifies, stores, segregates and transports protein

d)

power house of the cell

29.

Pinocytosis is cell eating

a)

true

b)

false

30.

what type of secretion is clear, watery with protein?

a)

mixed

b)

mucous

c)

serous

d)

merocrine

31.

where is simple cuboidal epithelium located?

a)

composed of a single layer of cube like cells

b)

contributes to secretion

c)

found in the ducts of salivary glands

d)

all of the above

32.

Nucleus is

a)

largest, densest organelle

b)

contains enzymes

c)

packages proteins

d)

destroys worn cell parts

33.

where is cellular (secondary) cementum the thickest?

a)

at the apex of the root

b)

at the CEJ

c)

equal thickness on the entire root surface

d)

on the crown

34.

lamina dura is defines as

a)

alveolar bone proper, lines the tooth socket

b)

coronal border of the alveolar process

c)

bone loss in coronal area of the root

d)

spaces in between the teeth

35.

root formation begins before the crown is completely formed. HERS consists of only IEE and OEE

a)

first statement is true, second statement is false

b)

first statement is false, second statement is true

c)

both statements are true

d)

both statements are false

36.

the primary dentition is initiated at

a)

10 weeks

b)

4 weeks

c)

6 weeks

d)

1 weeks

37.

loose connective tissue

a)

forms thin membranes between organs and binds them together

b)

serves as protective padding for the deeper structures of the body

c)

all of the above

d)

none of the above

38.

intramembranous ossification

a)

forms within 2 layers of dense connective tissue

b)

uses hyaline cartilage as a model

c)

uses interstitial growth

d)

occurs in long bones, vertebrae, ribs and head of mandible

39.

pitting of enamel because of poor matrix formation is caused by

a)

hypocalcification

b)

hypoplasia

c)

decalcification

d)

dental fluorosis

40.

cleft lip can be defined as

a)

failure of lateral palatine processes to fuse with each other

b)

partial or complete failure of fusion of one or both maxillary processes with the globular process

c)

failure of the fusion of the premaxilla

d)

none of the above

41.

what is the order of root formation cycle?

a)

formation of dentin - > lengthening of the root -> deposition of cementum

b)

formation of dentin -> deposition of cementum is ongoing -> lengthening of the root

c)

deposition of cementum is ongoing -> formation of dentin -> lengthening of the root

42.

microfilaments maintain the shape of the cell

a)

true

b)

false

43.

which is the correct sequence of embryonic period?

a)

induction, proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, maturation

b)

morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, induction, maturation

c)

maturation, induction, morphogensis, differentiation

d)

induction, proliferation, dilaceration, maturation, morphogenesis

44.

when does the cap stage occur?

a)

9-10 weeks

b)

10-12 weeks

c)

8-9 weeks

d)

non of the above

45.

chalky areas that are decalcifies due to acids or poor OH are caused by

a)

too much fluoride intake

b)

too little fluoride

c)

hypocalcification

d)

decalcification

46.

what is the most common cell within the PDL?

a)

osteoclats

b)

fibroblasts

c)

cementoblast

d)

odontoblasta

e)

ameleoblast

47.

select the correct oder of stages of tooth development

a)

bud, dentinogenesis, function, crown formation, root formation, amelogenesis, bell

b)

bud, cap, bell, dentinogenesis, amelogensis, crown formation, root formation, function

c)

dentinogenesis, bell, crown formation, root formation, bud, cap, amelogenesis

d)

all of the above

48.

the diagram below is what type of anomaly?

a)

odontia

b)

anodontia

c)

hypodontia

d)

hyperdontia

49.

what percent of total saliva volume does submandibular gland produces?

a)

25-30%

b)

60-65%

c)

10-15%

d)

5%

50.

which of the following is not present in a tooth germ?

a)

enamel organ

b)

pulp canal

c)

dental sac

d)

dental papilla

51.

in what stage of tooth development does the enamel organ form?

a)

initiation

b)

bud

c)

cap

d)

bell

52.

which ducts are lined with simple columnar epithelium and may have mitochondria?

a)

secretory ducts

b)

striated ducts

c)

exocrine ducts

d)

excretory ducts

53.

which statements about cardiac muscle is true

a)

found only in the heart

b)

cells are joined by intercalated discs

c)

controlled by involuntary activity

d)

all of the above

54.

what is the highest point of the alveolar ridge and joins the facial and lingual cortical plates?

a)

alveolar process

b)

cortical plate

c)

alveolar crest

d)

alveolar bone proper

55.

cementum is located on tip of tome's granular in

a)

enamel

b)

periodontal ligament

c)

alveolar bone

d)

dentin

56.

which prenantal period is involved in the 1st trimester?

a)

fetal period only

b)

pre-implantation period and embryonic period

c)

embryonic period and fetal period

d)

none of the above

57.

wearing away of tooth structure from ordinary forces of occlusion is called?

a)

attrition

b)

abrasion

c)

erosion

d)

abrasion

58.

another name for cytosol is

a)

cell membrane

b)

organelle

c)

cytoplasm

d)

nucleus

59.

stratum cornuem is found in stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

a)

true

b)

false

60.

function of fibroblasts is to

a)

function as phagocytes

b)

releasee heparin

c)

important in fighting infections

d)

synthesize certain types of protein fibers

61.

what percent % of saliva is produced by major salivary glands

a)

1%

b)

70%

c)

5%

d)

90%

62.

in what week does the primary palate and bilateral palatine processes fuse?

a)

4-8 weeks

b)

5-6 weeks

c)

6-12 weeks

d)

12 weeks

63.

loss of tooth structure at the cervical neck area of teeth that is often wedge shaped is called

a)

attrition

b)

abfraction

c)

abrasion

d)

erosion

64.

which nerve carries information from PNS to CNS

a)

afferent

b)

efferent

c)

synapse

d)

ganglion

65.

development of the tongue takes place in weeks

a)

5-12 weeks

b)

14-18 weeks

c)

4-8 weeks

d)

1-4 weeks

66.

Meckel's cartilage is found in which branchial arch?

a)

1st branchial arch

b)

2nd branchial arch

c)

maxillary branchial arch

d)

lateral nasal branchial arch

67.

what type of bone lies within the maxilla and mandible and has a web like appearance on radiographs

a)

trabecular bone

b)

alveolar crest

c)

cortical plate

d)

lamina dura

68.

what is this anomaly called?

a)

odontia

b)

anodontia

c)

hypodontia

d)

hyperdontia

69.

periodontal ligament

a)

has blood vessels and nerves

b)

contains proprioceptive mechanism

c)

acts as shock absorber

d)

all of the above

70.

the tongue begins to develop from

a)

posterior wall of the primitive throat

b)

anterior wall of the primitive throat

c)

posterior region of the pharynx

d)

anterior wall of the linguals welling

71.

what type of epithelium is the oral mucosa composed of?

a)

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

b)

stratified squamous epithelium

c)

non stratified squamous epithelium

d)

keratinized epithelium

72.

which salivary gland is located anterior and inferior to the ear, between the skin of the cheek & masseter muscle?

a)

submandibular gland

b)

sublingual gland

c)

parotid gland

d)

batholins gland

73.

the cell membrane is

a)

clear liquid enclosed it the cell

b)

include organelles

c)

provide a medium in which other organelles function

d)

none of the above

74.

leeway space is created in the arches by the replacement of larger primary molars by smaller permanent premolars

a)

true

b)

false

75.

the center of the upper lips arises from:

a)

fusion of 2 medial nasal processes

b)

fusion of 2 palatine shelves

c)

nasal septum

d)

primitive mouth

76.

which of the statement is false?

a)

fibrous connective tissue is composed of strong collagenous fibers that bind parts together

b)

cartilage is quick to heal following an injury and has a direct blood supply

c)

elastic connective tissue is composed of mainly elastic fibers, which combine strength with elasticity

d)

loose connective tissue serves as a protective padding

77.

what contains adipose tissue and minor salivary glands?

a)

tongue

b)

cheeks

c)

floor of the mouth

d)

GI tract

78.

which papillae have no tase buds?

a)

filiform

b)

fungiform

c)

foliate

d)

circumvallate

79.

cementum is composed of

a)

mineralized fibrous matrix and cells

b)

mineralized fibrous matrix and collagen fibers

c)

mineralized fibrous matrix and cementoid

d)

mineralized fibrous matrix and Sharpey fibers

80.

which duct opens under the tongue near the frenum at the sublingual caruncle?

a)

stenson's duct

b)

wharton's duct

c)

bartholin's duct

d)

all of the above

81.

when des the tongue start to develop

a)

at 7 weeks

b)

at 4 weeks

c)

at 10 weeks

d)

at 3 weeks

82.

which statement about thyroid gland is true

a)

largest endocrine gland

b)

secretes hormone thyroxine

c)

located below the larynx

d)

all of the above

83.

goblet cells are found in all but

a)

simple columnar epithelium

b)

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

c)

nasal cavity

d)

masticatory mucosa

84.

Exocytosis is explosion of materials out of the cell by fusing of a vesicle membrane with the cell membrane

a)

true

b)

false

85.

which of these locations does not have keratinized stratified squamous epithelium ?

a)

attached gingiva

b)

soft palate

c)

hard palate

86.

the tongue forces the developing palatal shelves to "flip up", move toward each other and merge to form the primary palate

a)

true

b)

false

87.

which cartilage does all cartilage originate from?

a)

elastic cartilage

b)

hyaline cartilage

c)

fibrocartilage

d)

none of the above

88.

what produces approximately 10% of total salivary volume

a)

major salivary glands

b)

sublingual glands

c)

parotid glands

d)

submandibular glands

89.

define oligodontia

a)

congenital absence of all primary or permanent teeth

b)

less than the normal amount of teeth

c)

absence of 6 or more teeth

d)

having supernumerary teeth

90.

mature red blood cells and blood platelets have nuclei

a)

true

b)

false

91.

when tooth movement occurs

a)

only osteoblasts are activated

b)

osteoblasts and osteoclasts are activated

c)

only osteoclasts are activated

d)

none of the above

92.

define gemination

a)

when 2 developing teeth fuse into 1 tooth, during cap stage

b)

when 2 crowns develop from 1 bud during cap stage

c)

when teeth are small

d)

when teeth are big

93.

what is the name of the median swelling that develops part of the tongue?

a)

tuberculum impar

b)

intermaxillary segment

c)

stomodeum

d)

nasal septum

94.

what is the lacuna

a)

anchors periosteum to bone

b)

spaces between lamellae where osteocytes are embedded

c)

same as haversian canal

d)

central vascular canal within each osteon

95.

which organelle contains ribosomes

a)

mitochondrion

b)

lysosomes

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

96.

where are the Von Ebner's Salivary Glands located?

a)

filiform papillae

b)

fungiform papillae

c)

circumvallate papillae

d)

all of the above

97.

which of the statements about fibrocartilage is/are true?

a)

serves as a shock absorber

b)

is never found alone

c)

not enclosed in capsules

d)

all of the above

e)

none of the above

98.

define fusion

a)

when 2 developing teeth fuse into 1 tooth, during cap stage

b)

when 2 crowns develops from 1 bud during cap stage

c)

when teeth are small

d)

when teeth are big

99.

what covers the floor of the mouth, buccal, labial, alveolar, ventral surface of the tongue and soft palate?

a)

specialized mucosa

b)

keratinized mucosa

c)

masticatory mucosa

d)

lining mucosa

100.

the radiograph shows what type of anomaly?

a)

dens in dente

b)

toothception

c)

microdontia

d)

fusion

101.

the fusion of cementum is termed

a)

fusion

b)

gemination

c)

concrescence

d)

dens in dente

102.

an outgrowth or projection of a tooth, usually on the posterior teeth is known as

a)

enamel pearl

b)

tubercle

c)

dilaceration

d)

enamel dysplasia

103.

a disturbance during root formation that causes the root to curve is also known as

a)

tubercle

b)

enamel pearl

c)

dilaceration

d)

enamel dysplasia

104.

red blood cells are

a)

concave

b)

biconcave

c)

convex

d)

spherical

105.

1st layer of enamel deposited on dentin surface estalishes the

a)

CEJ

b)

DEJ

c)

dental pailla

d)

dental lamina

106.

collagenous fibers are

a)

composed of collagen and have weak tensile strength

b)

composed of microfibrisl and have great tensile strength

c)

very fine, hairline fibers

d)

composed of collagen and have a great tensile strength

107.

lysosomes

a)

are produced by the golgi apparatus

b)

contain digestive enzymes

c)

destroy worn out cell parts

d)

all of the above

108.

edentulous clients do not experience resorption of their alveolar bone

a)

true

b)

false

109.

during bell stage, the cells of enamel organ differentiates into what 4 layers?

a)

IEE, stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum, OEE

b)

DEJ, stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum, OEE

c)

IEE, stratum epithelium, stellate reticulum, CEJ

d)

IEE, stratum epithelium, stellate reticulum, OEE

110.

as the tooth erupts, ___ fuses with epithelial lining and forms epithelial attachment

a)

hertwig's epithelial root sheath

b)

rests of malassez

c)

reduced enamel epithelium

d)

none of the above

111.

what is the inorganic percentage of dentin?

a)

60%

b)

70%

c)

15%

d)

20%

112.

primary dentin is the dentin made before completion of apical foramen of the root

a)

true

b)

false

113.

inner part of the upper lip is lined by..

a)

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

b)

keratinized columnar epithelium

c)

cuboidal epithelium

d)

stratified squamous epithelium

114.

secondary dentin is reparative dentin

a)

true

b)

false

115.

salivary stones that block salivary flow are called

a)

fordyce granules

b)

sialoliths

c)

pulp stones

d)

enamel pearls

116.

enamel is

a)

vascular and non vital

b)

avascular and non vital

c)

96% inorganic material

d)

all of the above

e)

none of the above

117.

which muscle tissue/s are controlled by involuntary activity?

a)

skeletal

b)

smooth

c)

cardiac

d)

smooth and cardiac

118.

where is intertubular dentin located?

a)

in between tubes

b)

outside tubes

c)

outside enamel

d)

in the pulp chamber

119.

as the bud enlarges it developes

a)

the dentin organ

b)

cementum

c)

the enamel organ

d)

all of the above

120.

which statement about dentinogenesis imperfecta is correct?

a)

shiny, opalescent

b)

hereditary

c)

if dentin is poorly formed, enamel will chip off

d)

all of the above

121.

lamina propria is highly vascularized

a)

true

b)

false

122.

the cell rich layer of the pulp

a)

has many cells but fewer than odontoblastic

b)

has more than odontoblastic zone

c)

has no cells

d)

has few cells

123.

oral cancer lesions are most likely found on what part of the tongue?

a)

foliate papillae

b)

dorsal papillae

c)

filiform papillae

d)

all of the above

124.

denticles/pulp stones are found in all except...

a)

surround pulp tissue

b)

fused with dentin surrounded by dentin

c)

embedded in enamel

125.

this is the process by which all cytoplasmic components of the cell are divided into 2 identical daughter cells following mitosis

a)

prophase

b)

cytoplasmic division

c)

differentiation

d)

cytoskeleton

126.

tooth germ consists of the enamel organ with enamel knot, dental papilla and dental sac

a)

true

b)

false

127.

circumpulpal dentin is formed later and surrounds the outer layer of the pulp

a)

true

b)

false

128.

mantle dentin is the first predentin that forms and matures within the tooth

a)

true

b)

false

129.

is this gland, the entire cells are discharged as secretions

a)

tomocrine glands

b)

holocrine glands

c)

merocrine glands

d)

apocrine glands

130.

mineralization of dentin occurs by

a)

trauma

b)

budding

c)

tooth germ

d)

tooth germ

e)

drinking milk

131.

initiation involves physiological process of induction

a)

true

b)

false

132.

which layer will not form the basic histological tissue types of the body

a)

ectoderm

b)

exoderm

c)

mesoderm

d)

endoderm

133.

amelogenesis is the production of

a)

cementum

b)

dentin

c)

enamel

d)

aveolar bone

134.

which process leads impulses away from the cell body?

a)

dendrite

b)

axon

c)

basophil

d)

cell body

135.

a specialized form of loose connective tissue that stores fat, provides a protective cushion and functions as a heat insulator is..

a)

fibrous connective tissue

b)

elastic connective tissue

c)

adipose tissue

d)

epithelium

136.

mesoderm forms the

a)

dentin

b)

cementum

c)

pulp

d)

PDL

e)

all of the above

137.

what type of secretin is cloudy? mucin (glycoproteins) with water?

a)

serous secretion

b)

mucous secretion

c)

mixed secretion

d)

half secretion

138.

which of the following is not epithelial division according to cell arrangement?

a)

stratified

b)

squamous

c)

pseudostratified

d)

sigle

139.

in what week does the tooth start to develop?

a)

12th

b)

2nd

c)

6th

d)

none of the above

140.

the submucosal layer found in masticatory mucosa is thin or absent

a)

true

b)

false

141.

what are the three components of the periodontium

a)

cementum, enamel, alveolar bone

b)

cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone

c)

alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, dentin

d)

enamel, dentin, cementum

142.

which cells function in coordinating and regulating body activities?

a)

protons

b)

electrons

c)

neurons

d)

neutrons

143.

this epithelium is found in the bladder, ranges between non keratinized stratified squamous and stratified columnar, with soft, pliable, loosely arranged cells

a)

transitional epithelium

b)

transductional epithelium

c)

elastic epithelium

d)

loose epithelium

144.

the afferent nerve carries information from the CNS to PNS

a)

true

b)

false

145.

correct sequence of mitosis is

a)

telophase, anaphase, prophase, metaphase

b)

prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase

c)

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

d)

metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase

146.

what component of the white blood cells contain lysosomal enzymes involved in destroying particles by phagocytosis, involved in alter stages of inflammation

a)

platelet

b)

eosinophil

c)

lymphocytes

d)

monocytes

147.

define hyperdontia

a)

no teeth

b)

extra teeth

c)

6 missing teeth

d)

all of the above

148.

___ actively pumps calcium hydropxyapatite into the forming enamel matrix

a)

ameloblast

b)

cementoblast

c)

osteoblast

d)

osteoclasts

149.

osteoclasts are bone resorbing cells

a)

true

b)

false

150.

what major gland is without a capsule?

a)

sublingual gland

b)

submandibular gland

c)

stensons gland

d)

whartons gland

151.

which of the following is not a characteristic of keratin?

a)

tough

b)

resists friction

c)

nuclei are condensed and active

d)

opaque

152.

which of the following is not a stage of tooth development

a)

bud stage

b)

initiation stage

c)

miotic stage

d)

bell stage

153.

the time it takes for the newly divided cells to completely replaced throughout the tissue is called

a)

turnover time

b)

setting time

c)

working time

d)

half time

154.

what serves to anchor periosteum firmly to bone?

a)

sharpey's fibers

b)

HERS

c)

lacuna

d)

haversian canal

155.

tight junctions prevent the movement and loss of fluids. gap junctions are located in the muscle cells of the heart and the digestive tube

a)

both statements are true

b)

both statements are false

c)

first statement is true. second is false

d)

first statement is false. second is true

156.

tooth buds for all permanent teeth arise from secondary lamina

a)

true

b)

false

157.

cementum is

a)

vascular, no innervation

b)

avascular, with innervation

c)

avascular, no innervation

d)

vascular, with innervation

158.

desmosomes are located in

a)

muscle cells of the heart and the digestive tube

b)

cells of the outer skin

c)

cells that line inside of the small intestine

159.

mucocele is the accumulation of saliva mucosa due to trauma to major salivary gland duct

a)

true

b)

false

160.

lack of a single tooth or multiple teeth is called hypodontia

a)

true

b)

false

161.

the masticatory mucosa is everything except

a)

thick

b)

rubbery

c)

keratinized

d)

non keratinized

162.

___ cartilage is found in the external ear, auditory tube, epiglottis and parts of the larynx

a)

hyaline

b)

elastic

c)

fibrocartilage

d)

none of the above