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Biology-Cellular Energy

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 2hrs 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which process is the largest contributor to the release of CO2 
a)
Citric Acid Cycle or Krebs Cycle
b)
Pyruvate Oxidation
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Oxidative Phosphorylation 
2.
Which of the following molecules is NOT a byproduct of cellular respiration? 
a)
CO2
b)
Heat
c)
H2O
d)
ATP
3.
Which process does not occur in aerobic conditions? 
a)
Fermentation
b)
Pyruvate Oxidation
c)
Citric Acid Cycle or Krebs cycle 
d)
Oxidative Phosphorylation 
4.

When we say a process requires oxygen, we call it what?

a)

Anaerobic

b)

Aerobic

c)

Oxyphillic

d)

Oxygenphilia

5.

When we say a process that does not require oxygen, we call it what?

a)

Anaerobic

b)

Aerobic

c)

Oxyphillic

d)

Oxygenphilia

6.

True or False: An anaerobic process is one that does not require oxygen to take place.

a)

True

b)

False

7.

True or False: We call the first phase of cellular respiration glycolysis.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

Which of the following is a reactant of cellular respiration?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Glucose

d)

Glucose and Oxygen

9.

Glycolysis is responsible for breaking glucose down into what?

a)

CO2

b)

H2O

c)

Acetyl CoA

d)

2 Pyruvic Acids

10.

True or False: This is the cellular respiration equation:

C6H12O6 + O2 ------> CO2 + H2O

a)

True

b)

False

11.

True or False: Only heterotrophs need to perform cellular respiration.

a)

True

b)

False

12.

During which phase of cellular respiration is the most ATP harvested?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Electron Transport Chain

d)

Citric Acid Cycle

13.

Which of the following is NOT a product of cellular respiration?

a)

Water

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Energy in the form of ATP

d)

Glucose

14.

Many different chemical reactions occur during cellular respiration. It is a process that requires certain resources to get started and in turn it produces resources when it is finished. With all of that being said, why do organisms want to perform cellular respiration? What is the main purpose?

a)

To make H2O from CO2

b)

To harvest energy from food

c)

To create much needed O2

d)

To create glucose

15.

In each phase of cellular respiration there is a certain amount of chemical energy harvested in the form of ATP. On a perfect day, with everything running at 100% efficiency, how many molecules of ATP can we harvest from 1 molecule of glucose?

a)

38

b)

23

c)

4

d)

2

16.

When an organism is in a low oxygen situation, such as running sprints, cellular respiration ceases and the organism must use a different metabolic pathway for creating energy without oxygen. What do we call this process?

a)

Acidification

b)

Hydrolysis

c)

Fermentation

d)

Citric Acid Cycle

17.

During the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid molecules are broken down to harvest 2 ATPs. What is created and released as a byproduct of that reaction?

a)

CO2

b)

H2O

c)

Neither of these

d)

Both of these

18.

Many electrons are excited during the first two phases of cellular respiration. These electrons hitch a ride on special electron carriers and are dropped off at the Electron Transport Chain. These electrons travel down the ETC and eventually get oxidized. Once this happens, O2 gets converted into…

a)

C6H12O6

b)

H2O

c)

CO2

d)

O2

19.

Where do the reactions of cellular respiration occur?

a)

Thylakoid & Stroma

b)

Cytoplasm & Mitochondria

c)

Mitochondria only

d)

None of these

20.

Which of the following structure is where cellular respiration (Kreb's Cycle and Electron Transport Chain) occurs in the cell?

a)

nucleus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

mitochondria

d)

vacuoles

21.

What are the reactants (taken into) of cellular respiration? (Mark all of them!)

a)

oxygen

b)

glucose

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

water

e)

energy

22.

Where does Glycolysis occur inside the cell? (first step in the overall process)

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleus

23.

Which stage of the cellular respiration process produces the most ATP?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl CoA

c)

Kreb's Cycle

d)

Electron Transport Chain

24.
If oxygen is not present what process will occur in yeast cells?
a)
Alcoholic fermentation
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Lactic acid fermentation
25.

The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur. Which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?

a)

Oxygen is produced during cellular respiration and stored during photosynthesis.

b)

Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular respiration are used in photosynthesis.

c)

Photosynthesis releases the energy that is stored during the process of cellular respiration.

d)

Glucose is used during cellular respiration to produce food that is broken down during photosynthesis.

26.

A weightlifter is using heavy weights in short bursts for a competition. Because his muscle cells are not able to take in enough oxygen to make very much ATP the weightlifter begins to get fatigue in his muscles. Which of the following processes is most likely going on in the muscles of the weightlifter as he competes in his event?

a)

As the cells run out of oxygen they switch to anaerobic respiration, which allows the cell to make small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen.

b)

As the cells run out of oxygen, they die off gradually and the weightlifter's muscles have fewer contracting muscle cells.

c)

The cells will never run out of oxygen if the weightlifter is breathing.

d)

As the cells run out of oxygen, they will continue to make the same amount of ATP, since oxygen is not required to make ATP.

27.
How is cellular respiration related to photosynthesis?
a)
Both require oxygen to start
b)
respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis
c)
Both start with glycolysis
d)
Both end with 38 ATP for cells
28.
Which of the following statements are false?
a)
Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen
b)
Glycolysis is the first step in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration
c)
Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria
d)
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 Pyruvates, and 2 NADH
29.
Glucose is broken down into pyruvate in a process known as 
a)
glycolysis
b)
electron transport
c)
the Krebs cycle
d)
phosphorylation
30.
This term refers to the production of ATP without oxygen being present.
a)
anaerobic
b)
prokaryotic
c)
biogenic
d)
organic
31.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
32.
Which of these molecules is released during the Kreb's cycle
a)
nitrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
hydrogen sulfide
d)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
33.
What is the main job of the electron carriers in cellular respiration? 
a)
Transport electrons and hydrogen atoms to the electron transport chain 
b)
Capture energy throughout the process of cellular respiration
c)
Provide the reactants for the process of cellular respiration
d)
Pump positive hydrogen ions and shuttle electrons across the electron transport chain and contribute to chemiosmosis
34.
Glycolysis is a _______ process
a)
Anabolic
b)
Catabolic
c)
Single Step
d)
Strictly Eukaryotic
35.
How many ATP are gained through glycolysis?
a)
0
b)
2
c)
4
d)
30-38
36.

after strenuous exercise, a muscle cell would contain decreased amounts of ______ and increased amounts of ______ ____

a)

glucose; ATP

b)

ATP; glucose

c)

oxygen; lactic acid

d)

lactic acid; ATP

37.
Which process takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces nearly 20 times as much as ATP as glycolysis alone?
a)
photosynthesis
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
alcoholic fermentation
38.
What process is found in both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?
a)
the Kreb's cycle
b)
oxidative phosphorylation
c)
the citric acid cycle
d)
glycolysis
39.
At the end of the Kreb's cycle, where is most of the energy from the original glucose stored?
a)
in CO2
b)
in ATP
c)
in NADH
d)
in pyruvate
40.
What are the stages of cellular respiration in order?
a)
glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, the citric acid cycle
b)
oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle
c)
glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
d)
the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis
41.
The final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is
a)
oxygen
b)
water
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
NAD+
42.
Use the diagram to answer the question. Between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
A and C
c)
B and C
d)
C and D
43.

Free energy is released from ATP when

a)

a phosphate group is added

b)

adenine bonds to ribose

c)

ATP is exposed to sunlight

d)

a phosphate group is removed

44.
What are the parts of the ATP molecule?
a)
adenine, thylakoids, stroma
b)
stroma, grana, chlorophyll
c)
adenine, ribose, phosphate groups
d)
NADH, NAHPH, FADH
45.
The process of breaking down large molecules
a)
Anabolism
b)
Catabolism
c)
Dehydration
d)
Synthesis
46.
Main cellular energy molecule
a)
ATP
b)
ADP
c)
cAMP
47.
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
48.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
49.
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
a)
absorbs green light.
b)
absorbs violet light.
c)
reflects green light.
d)
does not absorb violet light.
50.
The energy carrier that the cell uses to power its day to day activities is 
a)
ATP
b)
NADH
c)
FADH2
d)
glucose
51.
This molecule contains three phosphate groups
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
52.
This molecule contains two phosphate groups
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
53.
Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?
a)
thylakoid
b)
stroma
c)
lumen
d)
mitochondria
54.
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur? 
a)
thylakoid membrane
b)
stroma
c)
mesophyll
d)
mitochondria
55.
What is another name for glucose?
a)
Chlorophyll
b)
Chloroplasts
c)
Stomata
d)
Sugar
56.
The fluid like substance found inside the chloroplast is called
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Stroma
c)
Thykloids
d)
Cell Wall
57.
__________ is a stack of thylakoids
a)
Granum
b)
Stomata
c)
Stroma
d)
Chloroplast
58.
a)
Stroma
b)
Thylakoid
c)
Skittle
d)
Grana
59.
a)
Flapjack Stack
b)
Grana
c)
Thylakoid
d)
Stroma
60.
What is the function of NADPH and ATP?
a)
They absorb light
b)
They power the light-dependent reactions
c)
They are light-reflecting pigments
d)
They are short term energy carriers
61.
What are the two products of the light reactions that are needed for the calvin cycle?
a)
NAD and NADPH
b)
NADP + and Glucose
c)
NADPH and ATP
d)
Oxygen and NADPH
62.
Plants need carbon dioxide from their environment to produce glucose during which stage of photosynthesis? 
a)
The light-dependent stage
b)
The light-independent stage (The Calvin Cycle)
c)
The electron transport chain
d)
ATP formation
63.
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur? 
a)
thylakoid membrane
b)
stroma
c)
mesophyll
d)
mitochondria
64.
Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?
a)
thylakoid
b)
stroma
c)
lumen
d)
mitochondria
65.
True or False.   The calvin cycle can happen at night.
a)
true
b)
false
66.
TRUE or FALSE.  The calvin cycle can happen during the day.
a)
True
b)
false
67.
Which of these would be considered a C4 Pathway plant?
a)
cactus
b)
sugar cane
c)
oak tree
d)
aglae
68.
Which of these would be considered a CAM pathway plant?
a)
cactus
b)
corn
c)
elm tree
d)
algae
69.
In the Calvin Cycle, which enzyme helps keep the cycle going?
a)
Hydrolase
b)
Rubisco
c)
Pepsisco
d)
Re-starterase
70.
Which term is the part of photosynthesis when light energy is captured and transferred to a molecule, such as ATP?
a)
light- independent reactions
b)
cellular respiration
c)
light- dependent reactions
d)
 photosynthesis
71.
What supplies the electron that is lost in PS II?
a)
oxygen
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
rubisco
72.
After the electron leave PS II, where does it go next?
a)
Electron Transport Chain
b)
NADPH Reductase
c)
PS I
d)
Stroma
73.
What is the first stop in photosynthesis process?
a)
Photosystem I
b)
Photosystem II
c)
Electron Transport Chain
d)
stroma
74.
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
a)
CO2 and glucose
b)
H2O and O2
c)
electrons and H+
d)
ATP and NADPH
75.
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of
a)
reducing NADP+
b)
splitting water molecules
c)
chemiosmosis
d)
electron transfer in photosystem II and I
76.
Which of the following statements about the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true?
a)
In cellular respiration the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis run in reverse.
b)
In photosynthesis the biochemical pathways of cellular respiration run in reverse.
c)
Cellular respiration occurs only in animals and photosynthesis occurs only in plants.
d)
Cellular respiration is catabolic and photosynthesis is anabolic.
77.
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
a)
regenerate ATP for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis
b)
produce carbon dioxide for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis
c)
produce oxygen by oxidizing water
d)
produce simple sugars from carbon dioxide
78.
CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they
a)
fix CO2 into organic acids during the night when temperatures are cooler.
b)
fix CO2 into by combining it with RuBP in the Calvin cycle.
c)
obtain CO2 through their roots during the day.
d)
fix CO2 into organic acids in the mesophyll cells, which do not rely on stomata.
79.
What is one function of the other pigments  besides chlorophyll, in the chloroplast?
a)
to block damaging wavelengths of light
b)
to absorb different wavelengths than the chloroplasts
c)
to provide different colors to the leaves
d)
to transfer energy to a separate photosystem beside the one using chlorophyll a and b.
80.
What is the function of NADP+?
a)
It absorbs light
b)
It is an electron carrier
c)
It is a light-reflecting pigment
d)
It acts as long-term energy storage
81.
Which of the following molecules is not needed for the Calvin Cycle?
a)
CO2
b)
ATP
c)
NADPH
d)
H2O
82.
Where is glucose synthesized
a)
Photosystem II
b)
Photosystem I
c)
Calvin Cycle
d)
Glycolysis
83.
How many sugar molecules are produced from every six molecules of carbon dioxide that enter the Calvin cycle?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
6
d)
12
84.

What does a C4 plant do?

a)

stores CO2 in a separate cell from its photosynthetic cell during the day

b)

stores CO2 in a vacuole during the night.

c)

can't store CO2 so it sufferes photorespiration

d)

can't store CO2 so it speeds up cellular respiration in order to make more CO2

85.
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is
a)
created
b)
destroyed
c)
conserved
d)
created and destroyed
86.
The Law of Conservation of Energy states:
a)
Energy can created or destroyed but not transformed 
b)
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only transformed
c)
Energy can't be created, destroyed or transformed
87.
As time progresses, Energy will naturally become more spread out.  It can only come together if you make it.
a)
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
b)
First Law of Thermodynamics
c)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
d)
Third Law of Thermodynamics
88.
Thermodynamics is the study of what?
a)
The transfer of energy
b)
The creation of energy
c)
The speed of reactions 
d)
The affect of heat on the speed of a reaction 
89.
The _____ Law of Thermodynamics says that heat always flows from an object with a higher temperature to an object of lower temperature naturally
a)
Zeroth
b)
First
c)
Second
d)
Third
90.
What is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
a)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O
b)
6CO2 + 6O2 --> C6H12O6  + 6H2O
c)
 6CO2 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + C6H12O6
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O  -->  6O2 + C6H12O6
91.

Why do CAM plants grow much slower than other plants?

a)

they live in areas that do not have a lot of sunlight

b)

they live in areas that do not have a lot of water

c)

they can only fix CO2 during the night hours

d)

they can only fix CO2 during the day hours

92.
The molecule that comes out of the Calvin Cycle to produce glucose, and polymers like cellulose is:
a)
RuBP
b)
GP3
c)
3-PG
d)
G3P
93.
The main advantage of CAM Photosynthesis is the ability to avoid:
a)
Transpiration
b)
Photorespiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Signal Transduction
94.
Plants that have adapted to extremely bright and dry conditions:
a)
C1 and C4
b)
C2 an CAM
c)
C1 and C2
d)
C4 and CAM
95.
Pathway, which requires extra energy; enables photosynthesis to keep working under intense light and high temperatures by first forming a compound containing 4 carbons (corn, sugarcane, and sorghum)
a)
C1
b)
C3
c)
C4
d)
CAM
96.
Fermentation involves
a)
aerobic respiration
b)
anaerobic respiration 
97.
What is a disadvantage of fermentation as a process? 
a)
It produces too much ATP
b)
It only produces 2 ATP
c)
It occurs in the absence of oxygen
d)
It is only for quick bursts of energy
98.
The process carried out by yeast that causes bread to rise is
a)
alcoholic fermentation
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
cellular respiration
d)
yeast mitosis
99.
How are lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation similar?
a)
They have the same products
b)
They have the same reactants
c)
They both require oxygen
d)
They occur in the same organisms
100.
After intense activity, your muscles feel sore because of 
a)
the accumulation of NAD+
b)
the accumulation of lactic acid 
c)
the accumulation of ATP
d)
the accumulation of carbon dioxide
101.
Which of the following is true about anaerobic respiration?
a)
It is a fast process
b)
It allows organisms to live in places with little oxygen
c)
It evolved before aerobic respiration
d)
all of the above

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