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Adaptations & Genetic Variation

Total questions: 33

Worksheet time: 2hrs 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is an adaptation?

a)

A feature or behavior that helps an organism survive.

b)

The food that an animal eats.

c)

How energy moves in a food web.

d)

How vegetables evolve throughout time.

2.
How do adaptations help animals?
a)
to hide from predators
b)
to hunt for food
c)
to survive in their habitats
d)
All of these are correct
3.
The ears of this fox are an example of...
a)
A behavioral adaptation
b)
Poor breeding
c)
A physical adaptation
d)
Plastic surgery gone horribly wrong
4.
A giraffe's long neck - used to reach leaves high in trees - is an example of a 
a)
instinct
b)
learned behavior
c)
behavioral adaptation
d)
physical adaptation
5.
Animals that have something they DO to live (hibernate, migrate, etc.) are exhibiting ____ adaptations.
a)
behavioral
b)
structural
c)
physiological
d)
assistive
6.

Selective breeding is when ____.

a)

animals and plants change because of their environment

b)

humans choose the desired traits and breed plants and animals

c)

animals fight each other to survive

d)

when humans go to the pet store

7.
____ is where better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to their offspring.
a)
evolution
b)
natural selection
c)
extinction
d)
artificial selection
8.
Biodiversity refers to ___.
a)
extinct species
b)
the variety of species on Earth
c)
nonrenewable resources
d)
the rate of species decline
9.

Most adaptations that help an organism survive are passed on from parent to offspring as ____.

a)

behavioral adaptations

b)

inherited traits

c)

genetic variation

d)

none of the above

10.
Most adaptations that help an organism survive are passed on from parent to child as ____.
a)
behavioral adaptations
b)
inherited traits
c)
genetic variation
d)
none of the above
11.

Which word means things that are taught rather than inherited?

a)

mimicry

b)

learned behaviors

c)

habitat

d)

instincts

12.
The purpose of selective breeding is to 
a)
Get bigger plants and animals
b)
get smaller plants and animals
c)
create plants and animals with desirable traits
d)
create plants and animals with bad traits
13.

Drought-tolerant, insect repelling wheat is an example of:

a)

natural selection

b)

selective breeding

14.
Problems with selective breeding include
a)
Better animals
b)
More Meat
c)
Animals can have bad health problems
d)
More diversity
15.
What factors affect natural selection?
a)
Overproduction, competition, and genetic variation
b)
competition
c)
overproduction and genetic variation
d)
genetic variation and niche
16.
Finches that live on the Galapgos islands have a wide genetic variation in beak shape and size. What caused this variation?
a)
It was a defense against predators
b)
They originated from different types of species
c)
It is an adaptation to the food sources available
d)
The beak stretched to reach its food and was passed down
17.
Which of the following traits would most likely improve the chances that an organism will survive and reproduce?
a)
Small size makes it less likely a bull will find a mate
b)
A giraffe with a shorter neck is unable to reach high tree branches
c)
A common type of housefly develops resistance to insect poison
d)
A deaf leopard is unable to hear the approach of hunters
18.
“People identify the trait they want, then only allow animals with that trait to breed with one another.”  Which of the following BEST matches the statement above? 
a)
Advantageous (good) Trait
b)
Natural Breeding
c)
Selective Breeding 
d)
Natural Selection 
19.
 The diagram shows a population of ladybugs that changed over 15 years. What is the most likely explanation for this change?
a)
Wings are an advantageous (good) trait.
b)
Black spots are an advantageous (good) trait.
c)
Yellow coloring is an advantageous (good) trait.
d)
Red coloring is an advantageous (good) trait. 
20.
All of these finches have different shaped beaks, they are an adaptation to gain access of 
a)
Water
b)
Food
c)
Shelter
21.

Some dairy farmers want to increase the amount of milk produced by their cows. How can the farmers use selective breeding to increase milk production?

a)

increasing the age of cows bred

b)

choosing cows that are high milk producers

c)

limiting number of offspring per cow

d)

choosing cows that produce milk after eating the most food

22.
The seasonal movement of an organism from one place to another
a)
camouflage
b)
migration
c)
hibernation
d)
function
23.
When an organism slows its life functions for a period of time to better its chances for survival during harsh conditions
a)
camouflage
b)
migration
c)
mimicry
d)
hibernation
24.
A group of organisms which are similar to each other and can combine to have offspring
a)
species
b)
characteristic
c)
club
d)
organisms
25.
A group of organisms of the same species
a)
ecosystem
b)
community
c)
population
d)
group
26.

The respiratory organs of the fish that filter oxygen out of the water are called...

a)

xylem

b)

gills

c)

behavior adaptation

d)

hollow bones

27.

______ _______ are found in birds and help them fly by making them lighter.

a)

xyelm

b)

gills

c)

hollow bones

d)

external adaptation

28.

The main job of the xylem is to...

a)

provide support and transport water/minerals in a plant

b)

help a bird fly

c)

act as the respiratory organ for fish

d)

help the animal go into a deep sleep during winter

29.

A random change in the DNA (genes) of an organism is a...

a)

population

b)

variation

c)

adaptation

d)

mutation

30.

__________ are differences between similar organisms caused by genetic or environmental changes.

a)

Variations

b)

Adaptations

c)

natural selection

d)

domestic animals

31.

Hollow bones in birds allow them to use less ___________ to fly.

a)

force

b)

work

c)

energy

d)

flapping

32.

Selective breeding is also known as...

a)

artificial selection

b)

natural breeding

c)

variation of adaptations

d)

mutation selection

33.

Natural selection acts upon the _____________ (physical appearance), not the ____________ (genetic makeup).

a)

traits; genes

b)

genotype; phenotype

c)

genes; traits

d)

phenotype; genotype

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