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Evolution review

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Preserved remains of an organism that lived in the past…..

a)

fossil

b)

species

c)

dinosaur

d)

shell

2.
The man who proposed the theory of natural selection and evolution.
a)
Thomas Moore
b)
Gregor Mendel
c)
Neil Degrasse Tyson
d)
Charles Darwin
3.
A change in a trait or characteristic that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce.
a)
extinction
b)
natural selection
c)
adaptation
d)
choice
4.
The theory that organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
"Survival of the fittest."
a)
Natural selection
b)
Adaptation
c)
Extinction
d)
Fossil
5.
What is the BEST definition for Evolution?
a)
Change
b)
Adaptation
c)
Nature's power
d)
Change over time
6.
This is an example of:
a)
Survival
b)
Eating
c)
Camouflage
d)
Growth
7.
True for false: "All hominids were/are bipedal."
a)
True
b)
False
8.
What species of hominid are we?
a)

Homo sapien

b)

Homo neanderthalensis

c)

Homo habilis

d)

Homo erectus

9.

What way have hominids have evolved over the last 7 million years? 

a)
walked on 4 legs
b)
bigger jaw
c)
larger brain
10.

What term refers to body parts that perform a similar function but differ in structure?

a)

analogous structures

b)

homologous structures

c)

evolutionary structures

d)

vestigial structures

11.

Rainfall in a tropical region has been below average for 10 consecutive years. Insect species adapted to dry conditions are much more plentiful at the end of the 10 years. Which of the following statements best explains the increase in the population of these insects?

a)

Biodiversity in the region has increased due to the dry conditions.

b)

Insects with a high tolerance for dry conditions have moved out of the region.

c)

Natural selection has favored insect species with high tolerance for dry conditions.

d)

Natural selection has selected against insect species that are adapted for dry conditions.

12.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between natural selection and evolution?

a)

Natural selection results from evolution.

b)

Natural selection includes evolution as a part of it.

c)

Natural selection and evolution are the same thing.

d)

Natural selection is one mechanism of evolution.

13.
When has speciation occurred?
a)
When populations no longer look the same
b)
When populations no longer have the same frequency of alleles
c)
When populations are living in different environments
d)

When populations can no longer interbreed and produce fertile offspring

14.

Evolution by chance and occurs in small populations is

a)
genetic drift
b)
mutation
c)
speciation
d)
migration
15.
When would convergent evolution occur?
a)
When organisms share a common ancestor
b)
When organisms live in similar environments
c)
When organisms become increasingly different
d)
When organisms experience a change in their environment
16.
Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?
a)
The function of these bones is the same in all animals
b)
They live in similar environments
c)
They have a common ancestor
d)
All organisms resemble humans
17.
Individuals within a population can evolve.
a)
True
b)
False
18.
How old is the Earth?
a)
4.6 billion years
b)
4.6 million years
c)
4.6 thousand
d)
10,000 years
19.
Whether or not a variation is an adaptation is dependent on the organism's
a)
Environment
b)
Genotype
c)
Phenotype
d)
Selection
20.
The frequency of alleles (the genes) in a population doesn't change over a long period of time.  This population is evolving.
a)
True
b)
False
21.

Why are adaptations important for an animals?

a)

They make life pass by more quickly for the animal.

b)

They help them survive in their environment.

c)

They complicate life for the surviving animal.

22.

When scientists compare fossils from billions of years ago to recently formed fossils, what would they discover?

a)

the species changed over time

b)

the species stayed the same over time

c)

the species chemically changed

d)

the species moved to higher levels of the food chain

23.

It took millions of years for giraffes to develop long necks. Slow evolution is called:

a)

Punctuated equilibrium

b)

Survival of the fittest

c)

Gradualism

d)

Selective Breeding

24.

Which is the best example of punctuated equilibrium

a)

The evolution of the whale over many millions of years.

b)

The extinction of the dinosaurs

c)

Bacteria mutating from one year to the next.

d)

Amphibians evolving into reptiles over millions of years

25.

The peppered moth's color camouflaged it on the light colored tree bark. It's color was an example of a/n

a)

Variation

b)

Dominant trait

c)

Recessive trait

d)

Adaptation

26.

Changes in inherited characteristics can cause a species to change into a new one. This change over time is called?

a)

Graduation

b)

Selective Breeding

c)

Revolution

d)

Evolution

27.

On the Galapagos Islands, different finches evolved on different islands to fit their environment. When a species develops unique traits because it is trapped in one area this is called:

a)

Geographic isolation

b)

Geologic separation

c)

General relocation

d)

Genetic differentiation

28.

The male and female black widow spider look very different. However, we know they are the same species because:

a)

They reproduce creating fertile offspring

b)

They reproduce creating infertile offspring

c)

They cannot reproduce

d)

They are not the same species

29.

Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce to create fertile offspring?

a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
30.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
31.
What type of selection is depicted in the picture? 
a)
stabilizing 
b)
directional 
c)
disruptive 
d)
the answer is not here
32.
What type of selection?
a)
Directional 
b)
Stabilizing
c)
Disruptive
33.
Only populations can evolve.
Individuals can not evolve.
a)
True
b)
False
34.
Which of the three graphs shows stabilizing selection?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
35.
If finches with large beaks and finches with small beaks increase in a population while finches with average sized beaks decreases, which pattern of natural selection has occurred?
a)
Directional selection
b)
Disruptive selection 
c)
Stabilizing selection
36.
Scientists find that most feral cats in a neighborhood have whiskers about 12 cm long. After about 15 generations of stabilizing selection, what would you expect to see?
a)
even more cats with 12 cm long whiskers
b)
most cats with less than 12 cm long whiskers
c)
most cats with more than 12 cm long whiskers
d)
most cats with whiskers either less than or more than 12 cm long, very few with whiskers 12 cms 
37.

Human babies don't do well if they are born too small. If they are too big complications can occur during birth. Baby size should then be selected for by which method?

a)

stabilizing

b)

directional

c)

disruptive

38.

Tall kelp have a distinct advantage over shorter kelp in receiving needed sunlight in their ocean environment

a)

directional selection

b)

disruptive selection

c)

stabilizing selection

39.

Evolution occurring gradually and slowly over long periods of time

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Stasis

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

40.

Evolution occurring quickly due to catastrophic events

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Gradualism

c)

Statsis

d)

Punctuated Equilibrim

41.

According to evolutionary theory, all living things have a

a)

analogous structure

b)

Common function

c)

Common ancestor

d)

fossil

42.

Most fossils form when organisms die intact and quickly become buried in sediments

a)

True

b)

False

43.
Looking like something else is....
a)
Patterns
b)
Mimicry
c)
Color changing
d)
costume
44.

The walkingstick uses..

a)

camoflauge

b)

Color changing

c)

Mimicry

d)

Lies

45.

What are the four mechanisms of evolution?

a)

mutation, genetic drift, natural selection, migration

b)

stabilizing, disruptive, directional, and natural selection

c)

gradualism, punctuated equilibrium, natural selection, and mutation

d)

there is only one mechanism - natural selection

46.

The ability to walk upright on two legs is called:

a)

bipedalism

b)

quadropedalism

c)

bicyclepedalism

d)

tripedalism

47.

All primates have the following features EXCEPT:

a)

large brains

b)

excellent vision

c)

grasping hands

d)

bipedalism

48.

Modern humans and their closest relatives belong to the same family. Members of this family are called:

a)

hominids

b)

primates

c)

homo sapiens

d)

Lucy

49.

Which species evolved about 3.9 million years ago and was bipedal?

a)

Australopithecus afarensis

b)

Homo neanderthalensis

c)

Homo habilis

d)

Paranthropus aethiopicus

50.

All of these are advantages of bipedalism EXCEPT:

a)

Hands are free to carry food.

b)

Save energy when walking long distances.

c)

Hands are free to use tools.

d)

Easier to balance on two legs.

51.

What do we share in common with primates?

a)

Common Ancestors

b)

Humans evolved from monkeys

52.

Why did some primates stop living in trees?

a)

Because of climate change: the climate became too dry

b)

Because of climate change: the climate became more humid

c)

Because the trees died off in the savanna.

d)

Because of climate change: the climate became too rainy

53.

What does arboreal mean?

a)

tree dwelling

b)

tail used to grasp things

c)

many

d)

few

54.

What is a prehensile tail?

a)

tail used like a 5th limb

b)

tail used for balance

c)

tail found in embryos that goes away before birth

d)

lack of a tail

55.

Which group of primates has a prehensile tail?

a)

new world monkeys

b)

old world monkeys

c)

apes

d)

all primates

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