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WorksheetsUnit #5; Plate Tectonics and Inside Earth
Total questions: 51
Worksheet time: 3hrs 29mins
Which of the following is the thinnest layer of Earth?
Mantle
Crust
Lithosphere
Inner Core
Which of the following metals are present in Earth's Core? (Select all that apply)
Nickel
Steel
Aluminum
Iron
Titanium
Which of the following layers are not completely solid?
Crust
Outer Core
Upper Mantle
Lower Mantle
Inner Core
Who is credited with proposing the hypothesis of Continental Drift?
Harry Hess
Galileo Galilei
Alfred Wegener
Isaac Newton
Albert Einstein
Which is more dense?
Continental Crust
Oceanic Crust
What happens to temperature and pressure as you get to deeper layers within Earth?
Temperature and Pressure increase
Temperature increases, Pressure decreases
Temperature decreases, Pressure increases
Temperature and Pressure decreases
This image here shows what type of boundary?
Divergent
Convergent: Subduction
Convergent: Collision
Transform
What do geologists notice about the rocks along the sea floor?
They get older as they get farther away from mid ocean ridges
They get thicker closer to continents
Density is impossible to measure
Youngest parts of the crust are along the continents
How do you calculate density?
Mass x Volume
Mass / Volume
Volume / Mass
Volume + Mass
If something floats in water, what can we say about its density?
It is more dense than the water
It is less dense than the water
It has the same density as water
The idea that the continents were once together, and separated over a long period of time is
Seafloor Spreading
Transform Boundaries
Continental Drift
Mid Ocean Ridges
Was was Wegener's hypothesis rejected?
He had no evidence for it
More detailed maps show that continents don't match up
No continents had similar fossils to support him.
He couldn't explain how the continents could be moved
Why is the upper mantle liquid, but the lower mantle is solid?
Upper mantle is hotter
Lower mantle is under higher pressure
Upper mantle is under higher pressure
Lower mantle is hotter
What kind of boundary is shown in this image?
Divergent
Convergent: Subduction
Convergent: Collision
Transform
Which of the following is not a feature we could expect near a convergent subduction boundary?
Volcanoes
Mid Ocean Ridges
Earthquakes
Ocean Trenches
Which of the following is a feature common with transform boundaries?
Volcanoes
Mountain chains
Ocean Trenches
Earthquakes
Where would you find most volcanoes that are on a continent?
Randomly scattered
In the middle
Along the coastlines (edges)
Most volcanoes are not on continents
What did Harry Hess propose about the mid ocean ridges?
Ancient aquatic creatures may still be alive there
The waters there should be very warm
The crust there should be old
The valley of the ridge are actual cracks within the crust
What was an important detail about the animal fossils Wegener saw had been discovered on different continents?
They were great swimmers when they were alive
They were from different periods of time
They wouldn't be able to swim across the ocean to get to other places
There were no similar fossils found on different continents
1. What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere that makes up the mantle?
The lithosphere is made of a mixture of gasses while the asthenoshpere is made of solid material
The lithosphere is made of solid rock that forms the crust while the asthenosphere is more flexible hot rock that moves slowly just under the crust.
What plate boundary do you see
Transform
Convergent
At deep ocean trenches, seafloor is pushed back down into the earth where it will be “recycled” again someday as new earth. This process is called:
Subduction
Convection
What type of boundary do you see?
Transform
Divergent
_____________________________ currents within the mantle cause the earth’s plates to move and shift as molten material rises and falls due to density and gravity.
Conduction
Convection
Earth’s magnetic field is caused by movement of metals within the outer core of the planet and causes a compass to always point north.
True
False
The rising and falling of the rock and magma on the inside of the earth can cause ________________________ on the surface of the earth.
Volcanoes & Earthquakes
Mountain Formations
Faults to Form
All the above
What plate boundary do you see?
Convergent
Divergent
When to continental boundaries converge they form _____________________________ on land.
Trenches
Mountains
What famous transform boundary is located in California?
San Andreas Fault
The Rock Fault
What type of rock is most readily in the crust?
Granite
Quartz
Gold
Which crust layer is denser than the other?
Oceanic
Continental
Which set of arrows BEST shows the convection currents associated with the formation of a mid-ocean ridge?
This map shows an area on Earth called: __________.
Hot Spots
The Ring of Earthquakes
The Ring of Fire
The African Plate
Why do earthquakes often cause damaging fires?
Magma from deep underground escapes through faults.
Tsunamis from earthquakes generate enough heat to start fires.
Lightning strikes are common during earthquakes.
Earthquake vibrations can break gas lines, water lines, and electrical lines.
Why are seismic waves of an earthquake more strongly felt at the epicenter of an earthquake?
The epicenter is directly above the focus, the place inside the Earth where the earthquake starts.
Most faults converge at the epicenter.
Millions of small movements of the crust occur here.
Crustal plates rise and fall with the ocean tides.
When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, which is called the: ___________.
seismic center
fault
focus
epicenter
Which seismic waves travel most rapidly?
P-waves
S-waves
Surface waves
Tsunamis
Which will most likely occur before a volcanic eruption?
an increase in lava flow.
an increase in mud flow.
an increase in acid rain production.
an increase in earthquake activity.
In certain areas, tectonic plates move over hot spots. Which landforms are MOST likely associated with these hot spots?
volcanoes
trenches
mid-ocean ridges
island arcs
South America and Africa are two continents separated by a large ocean. Scientists have found 200-million-year-old Mesosaurus fossils on both continents. What is the MOST likely explanation for how these fossils came to be found on both continents?
The continents were once attached to each other and then drifted apart.
The animals crossed a land bridge that once connected the continents.
The fossils were brought to South America by explorers.
The continents were both created through volcanic activity.
The Red Sea marks a boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving apart. What name is given to this type of plate tectonic boundary?
transform boundary
phase boundary
convergent boundary
divergent boundary
Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries. Which statement BEST identifies the geologic process taking place at the point where seafloor spreading occurs?
a trench is forming
new crust is forming
a continental plate is subducting
oceanic crust is subducting
The diagram above represents a process that occurs within Earth’s mantle. What process is represented by this diagram?
rotation
conduction
radiation
convection
A volcano found in the center of a tectonic plate tends to be a result of which phenomenon?
pressure in thick sediments that produce heat
a strong earthquake
activity at a hot spot
unusually excessive erosion that wears away bedrock
Tectonic motion caused tension between plates within Earth’s crust. A sudden release of this energy occurred. Based on this information, which event happened?
meteorite impact
volcanic eruption
earthquake
subsidence
When tectonic plates move, they create different landforms. Which is LEAST likely to be associated with the tectonic plate movement that produces volcanoes?
hot spot
rift valley
subduction zone
transform boundary
The diagram shows a topographic map of the big island of Hawaii. Which volcanic mountain is the highest?
Mauna Loa
Mauna Kea
Hualalai
Kilauea
