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DNA Replication, Transformation, Transcription, Translation

Total questions: 58

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
CAT TCA CTG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
3.
The enzyme that unwinds the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
4.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
5.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
6.
The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in
a)
none of these
b)
Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands
c)
two exact copies with new strands
d)
two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.
7.
Based on the diagram, the enzyme (represented in gray) is most likely...
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
DNA Ligase
c)
Nuclease
d)
Helicase
8.
What will the first four bases of the new DNA strand look like if copying the template strand?
a)
TGGT
b)
ACCA
c)
GTTG
d)
CAAC
9.
If a strand reads:
3' A A A T T T C 5'
The matching strand would read...
a)
5' T T T A A A G 3'
b)
3' T T T A A A G 5'
c)
5' A A A T T T C 3'
d)
3' U U U A A A G 5'
10.
Which enzyme has the job of unzipping the double helix?
a)
Helicase
b)
Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primerase
11.
3' and 5' refer to...
a)
How effectively the helicase works
b)
What direction the nucleotides are pointing
c)
Where the RNA primer attaches
d)
Okazaki's famous experiment
12.
The enzyme that splits open the DNA creates what's called a fork - where the DNA separates into the lagging strand and the ______ strand.
a)
leading
b)
leveraging
c)
Okazaki
d)
ligase
13.
A DNA nucleotide contains all of the following, except...
a)
Deoxyribose
b)
Phosphate group
c)
Nitrogenous base
d)
Cholesterol
14.
What is the shape of DNA?
a)
Double helix
b)
Triple helix
c)
Flat, bilayer
d)
Three-pronged rigid ladder
15.
Sometimes, DNA is called "semi-conservative." Why might this be?
a)
The old strand is "conserved" and used to make the new strands
b)
Uracil is "conserved" in that it is only used to make the new strands
c)
ATP is "conserved" via the usage of facilitated diffusion
d)
Ligase is "conserved" in that it is denatured by the process
16.

DNA stores the information that the cell will ultimately use to make which macromolecule?


a)

proteins

b)

cholesterols

c)

fatty acids

d)

polysaccharides

17.

DNA contains which sugar as part of the sugar-phosphate backbone?

a)

Lactose

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Phosphoribose

d)

cytosinose

18.

Which sentence best describes a true reason why few errors occur during replication?

a)

Helicase corrects errors by altering the nucleotide chain.

b)

The sugar-phosphate backbone eliminates DNA errors.

c)

Polymerase reads the nucleotide sequence and replaces mistakes.

d)

Adenine is naturally attracted to cytosine, preventing errors.

19.

Swapping DNA segments with non-homologous chromosomes is known as which type of mutation?

a)

Point

b)

Frameshift

c)

Nondisjunction

d)

Gene Translocation

20.

Trisomy 21, or having 3 copies of chromosomes 21 is known as which type of mutation?

a)

Point

b)

Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

c)

Nondisjunction

d)

Gene Translocation

21.

What is the term that refers to changes in the DNA sequence of a single gene?

a)

Mutagen

b)

Mutation

c)

Diversity

d)

Replication

22.

What type of mutation is shown?

a)

Point Mutation

b)

Trisomy

c)

Monosomy

d)

Gene Translocation

23.

Mutations that effect gametes and that will be passed on

to the next generation

a)

Genetic change

b)

Protein synthesis

c)

Apoptosis

d)

Cell membrane

24.

Part of a chromosome is repeated

a)

Gene Mutation

b)

Point Mutation

c)

Deletion Mutation

d)

Duplication Mutation

25.

Part of a chromosome is reversed.

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Point Mutation

26.

Part of a chromosome

is deleted

a)

Deletion Mutation-Gene

b)

Translocation

c)

Deletion Mutation -Chromosomal

d)

Crossing Over

27.

Part of one chromosome is transported and attached

to a non-homologous chromosome

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Translocation Mutation

c)

Duplication Mutation

d)

Point Mutation

28.

Failure of homologous chromosomes

to separate during meiosis.

Results in gametes with either one extra or one missing chromosome.

a)

Translocation

b)

Nondisjunction

c)

Replication

d)

Transcription

29.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
30.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
31.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
32.
What is shown in the diagram shown?
a)
DAN
b)
RAN
c)
DNA
d)
RNA
33.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose
34.
One difference between DNA and RNA is that RNA....
a)
is double stranded 
b)
contains the base Thymine
c)
contains the base Uracil 
d)
contained the base Guanine
35.
The anti-codon 
a)
contains a sequence the same as the codon
b)
contains a sequence complementary to the codon 
c)
contains the base thymine
36.
tRNA is involved in
a)
carrying amino acids 
b)
carrying ribosomes
c)
carrying glucose
d)
carrying lipids
37.
Amino acids are joined together in order to form
a)
DNA
b)
ribosomes
c)
proteins 
d)
RNA
38.
Transcribe the following piece of DNA:
ATCGTA
a)
UAGCAU
b)
TAGCAT
c)
ATCGTA
d)
AUCGUA
39.
Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Leucine
c)
Serine
d)
Tyrosine
40.
Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon GUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Leucine
c)
Serine
d)
Valine
41.
The process of making RNA (i.e. mRNA) from DNA is called
a)
Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Translation
d)
Protein synthesis
42.
In eukaryotes, DNA is located in the
a)
cytoplasm
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
ribosome
43.
An mRNA molecule is produced in the step of protein synthesis:
a)
replication
b)
transcription
c)
duplication
d)
translation
44.
How many bases are in one codon?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
45.
What part of a nucleotide accounts for the genetic variation between individuals?
a)
phosphate
b)
nitrogenous base
c)
deoxyribose
d)
sugar
46.
The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by ________ bonds between their base pairs.
a)
covalent
b)
hydrogen
c)
ionic
d)
peptide
47.
If a segment of double-stranded DNA has 40 percent A, how much of it is C?
a)
40
b)
10
c)
15
d)
20
48.
Which of the following will NOT generally cause mutations?
a)
radiation
b)
DNA replication
c)
chemicals
d)
viruses
49.
What are the functions of genes?
a)
instructions for producing proteins
b)
instructions for producing DNA
c)
instructions for producing lipids
d)
they have no function
50.
What does mRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
51.
What does tRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
52.
_______ is made during transcription and ________ is made during translation.
a)
mRNA / a protein
b)
a protein / mRNA
c)
Ribosome / Nucleus
d)
mRNA / tRNA
53.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
54.
What amino acid is represented by the codon CAG?
a)
Aspartic Acid
b)
Histidine
c)
Glutamine
d)
Methionine
55.
Which process is happening in this picture?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
56.
Translation happens in the - 
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
57.
Which of these is correct?
a)
DNA --> mRNA --> polypeptide chain
b)
DNA --> polypeptide chain --> mRNA
c)
mRNA --> DNA --> polypeptide chain
d)
polypeptide chain --> DNA --> mRNA
58.

What protein does the codon GTC make?

a)

Met

b)

Gly

c)

Val

d)

Trp

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