WorksheetsPengukuhan PSPM Siri 2
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
Which of following are types of natural selection?
Disruptive
Allopatric
Inbreeding
Adaptive radiation
The occurrence of large or small beak sizes among seed crackers in the absence of medium-sized beaks is an example of
Directional selection
Stabilizing selection
Disruptive selection
Ecological selection
Which of the following are the consequences of inbreeding?
Increases homozygosity in the progeny
Increases inbreeding depression that leads to genetic faults
Increase hybrid vigor
Increases heterozygosity in the progeny
A mule is the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse. The mule hybrid has 63 chromosomes and sterile. This of the following isolating mechanism prevents mule from produced gamete.
Reduced hybrid sterility
Reduced hybrid viability
Reduced hybrid fertility
Hybrid breakdown
All of the following examples describe prezygotic isolating mechanisms except:
Unique courtship display to identify mates
Reproductive organs those are physically incompatible
Hybrids those are viable but sterile
Different breeding times
Which of the following are examples of adaptive radiation?
Melanic peppered moths in England during Industrial Revolution
Beak shapes of Darwin’s finches in Galapagos Island
Squirrel in Grand Canyon
Galapagos blue-footed boobies
Which of the following is not a type of reproductive isolation?
Geographical isolation
Gametic isolation
Mechanical isolation
Behavioral isolation
The evolution from a single ancestral species to a variety of species which occupy different habitats is known as
Adaptive radiation
Reproductive isolation
Genetic drift
Hybridization
Which of the following statements about natural selection is true?
It can change a gene pool.
It can improve the adaptation of a species
It can increase mutation rate
It can determine which alleles that can be pass to next generation
Which statement describe speciation the best ?
two populations become geographically isolated
two geographically isolated populations that can no longer interbreed one another
one population moves to a different area
gene mutations accumulate
Hybridization between different plant species producing more than two sets of chromosomes is called
Allopolyploidy
Autopolyploidy
Inbreeding
Outbreeding
Allopatric speciation occurs when
Two populations of the same species within the same geographic area share a gene pool
Two populations of different species within the same geographic area share a gene pool
Two population of different species is separated geographically and can no longer interbreed
Two population of the same species is separated geographically and can no longer interbreed.
Two population of birds live in the same area and have the same mating season. The following factors that prevent these two population of birds from interbreeding are:
Habitat isolation
Behavioral isolation
Gametic isolation
Temporal isolation
Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation because of hunting activities on 1890s and its reduced their population size. This example explain
Founder effect
Bottleneck effect
Hybridization
Adaptive radiation
In Amish populations that isolated from mainland, the incidence of a certain type of dwarfism is much higher than those of other populations. What principle explains this?
Founder effect
Bottleneck effect
Directional selection
Disruptive selection
A population of birds is blown by a storm to an island off the mainland. The island has very few trees, and the bird population on the island develops an adaptation in nesting behaviors. Mainland birds nest in trees, island birds nest on the ground. After a long period of time, the island birds are reunited with the mainland birds, it is observed that the two populations can no longer interbreed. This phenomena can be example for:
Sympatric speciation
Allopatric speciation
Hybridization
Adaptive radiation
Two species of frogs occasionally mate, but the embryos do not complete development. What type of barrier isolates these gene pools
Gametic isolation
Hybrid breakdown
Reduced hybrid viability
Reduced hybrid fertility
Sympatric speciation occurs when:
two populations in same habitat become different species
two populations in same habitat are no longer interbreed
two populations in same habitat forming sexual selection
two populations in same habitat develop reproductive isolation
Which of the following true about stabilizing selection?
Reduce genetic variability
Favour extreme phenotype
Favour intermediate phenotype
Promote genetic variability
Which of the following is example of inbreeding?
breeding between two palm species
breeding between two organism that come from same maternal
breeding between horse and donkey
breeding between two organism that come from different habitat
Which of the following are properties of enzyme?
Fibrous protein
Reusable
Highly specific
Extremely efficient
Which of the following is part of a coenzyme?
Zinc
Lipase
Vitamin B2
Heme group
Which of the following factors can cause the denaturation of enzymes?
Extreme pH
Competitive inhibitor
High temperature
Non-competitive inhibitor such as heavy metals
The most important characteristics of an enzyme that allow it to function well is
Its sensitivity to changes in pH
Its sensitivity to changes in temperature
Its specific three-dimensional shape
Its sensitivity to inhibitor
How does an enzyme increase the rate of reaction?
By lowering the activation energy
By increasing the activation energy
By increasing the rate of collision of molecules
By bringing the substrate to the correct orientation
The rate of reaction of salivary amylase on starch decreases when the concentration of chloride ion is reduced. Which of the following explains the role of a chloride ion?
Metal ion activator
Prosthetic group
Coenzyme
Competitive inhibitor
Which of the following are true regarding coenzymes?
They are globular protein
Bind tightly to the enzyme
Organic molecule
Mostly derived from vitamin
FIGURE shows the effect of temperature on enzyme-catalyzed reaction with the amount of substrate remaining constant. The decrease in the level of activity in X is caused by:
The insufficient substrate to fit into all the active site.
The breaking of hydrogen and ionic bonds in the enzyme.
The competition between the substrate and product for the same active site.
The hydrolysis of peptide bonds in enzyme.
FIGURE shows reaction rate against substrate concentration, the reason that the curve reaches an equilibrium, and does not increase further at high substrate concentration is that:
.
There is a competitive inhibitor present.
The active site is saturated with substrate
There is a non-competitive inhibitor present.
All substrate has been converted to product
FIGURE shows the rate of reaction with and without an inhibitor. With of the following is true regarding the above graph?
Curve 1 : Competitive inhibitor
Curve 1 : Normal activity
Curve 2 : Competitive inhibitor
Curve 3: Non-competitive inhibitor
According to the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme catalysis, which of the following is correct?
The binding of the substrate depends on the shape of the active site.
A competitive inhibitor can compete with the substrate for the active site.
Some enzymes change their structure when metal ion activators bind to the enzyme.
The binding of the substrate changes the shape of the enzyme's active site
Increasing the substrate concentration in an enzymatic reaction could overcome which of the following?
Competitive inhibition
Non-competitive inhibition
Denaturation of the enzyme
Saturation of active site
An enzyme-substrate complex may result from the interaction of molecules of
starch and lipase
fat and amylase
sucrose and maltase
protein and protease
At 250C the optimum reaction rate of a certain enzyme occurs at a pH of 7. A greater reaction rate could probably be attained by
increasing both the temperature and the pH
decreasing the pH and increasing the temperature
increasing the pH and keeping the temperature at 250C.
increasing the temperature to 370C and keeping the pH at 7
A certain enzyme will hydrolyze egg white but not starch. Which statement best explains this observation?
Starch is composed of amino acids.
Egg white acts as a coenzyme for hydrolysis.
Enzyme molecules are specific in their actions.
Starch molecules are too large to be hydrolyzed.
Which statement best describes the enzyme represented in FIGURE above?
This enzyme works best at a temperature of 350C and a pH of 8.
This enzyme works best at a temperature of 550C and a pH of 11.
Temperature and pH have no influence on the activity of this enzyme.
This enzyme works best at a temperature of 100C and a pH of 3
Hydrolases are one important class of enzyme that function to catalyze:
Conversations between isomers
Oxidation – reduction reactions
Breakdown a molecule using water
Reaction in which double bonds are formed
Malonic acid could inhibit the action of succinic dehydrogenase on succinic acid because:
Succinic acid could bind at the allosteric site of succinic dehydrogenase.
Malonic acid could bind at the active site of succinic dehydrogenase.
Malonic acid react with succinic acid
Malonic acid could bind at the allosteric site of succinic dehydrogenase.
How does a non competitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction?
By acting as a coenzyme for the reaction
By binding at the active site of the enzyme
By changing the shape of the enzyme's active site
By changing the free energy level of the reaction
Which of the following are classes of enzyme?
Hydrolases
Transferases
Ligases
Lysases
