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Ch. 16 and 17 Darwin and Evolution

Total questions: 41

Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
When all of the organisms of a species have died it is called
a)
evolution
b)
extinction
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
2.

What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?

a)

no evolutionary relationships between the groups

b)

recent common ancestry

c)

similar environments in the past

d)

evolution from a distant common ancestor

3.

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar underlying structures. These are known as

a)

vestigial structures

b)

analogous structures

c)

homologous structures

d)

fossil structures

4.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
5.
The hind leg bones in a whale are examples of
a)
homologous structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
fossils
d)
vestigal structures
6.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest
7.

What is an inheritable change in an organism that allows for it to survive in its environment?

a)

homologous

b)

vestigial

c)

variation

d)

adaptation

8.

Homologous structures demonstrate

a)

more recent common ancestor

b)

similar underlying structure

c)

similar function

d)

change through use and disuse

e)

adaptation to fill a similar niche

9.

Structures that have the same function but different structures are...

a)

homologous structures

b)

analogous structures

c)

vestigial structures

d)

embryology

10.
What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?
a)
species change over time
b)
extinct species are not related to living species
c)
different species can interbreed
d)
animals that look alike are most closely related
11.

Lamarck's idea, incorrect, said traits an organism develops during its own lifetime will be passed on to offspring.

a)

Inheritance of acquired characteristics or traits

b)

artificial selection

c)

fitness

d)

fossil record

12.

Organism's ability to survive and produce fertile offspring

a)

adaptation

b)

evolution

c)

homologous structure

d)

fitness

13.
Group of 16 small volcanic islands off the west coast of South America, place where Darwin made his most important observations
a)
Galapagos Islands
b)
artificial selection
c)
fitness
d)
inheritance of acquired characteristics/traits
14.

Humans selecting which animals/plants were allowed to reproduce based on the traits they possess. Most crops and livestock are produced this way.

a)

analogous structure

b)

artificial selection

c)

vestigial structure

d)

fitness

15.

Scientists that are credited with the idea that geological forces shaped the Earth and must have taken millions of years? Gave Darwin the idea that the Earth could be very old.

a)

Hutton

b)

Mendel

c)

Malthus

d)

Lamarck

e)

Lyell

16.

What scientist is credited with the idea that human population was growing rapidly and in the future there would not be enough food and resources?

a)

Hutton

b)

Lyell

c)

Malthus

d)

Lamarck

17.

Which of the following are correct about Darwin's Voyage?

a)

traveled to the Galapagos Islands

b)

Published findings immediately

c)

wrote Origin of Species

d)

used DNA evidence in his book

e)

saw similar species that had been changed to fit specific environments

18.

Which are correct about the term ADAPTATION:

a)

heritable -can be passed to offspring

b)

created through selective use

c)

present in DNA

d)

can be changed during an organism's lifetime to make them more fit

e)

organisms that have them are more likely to survive and pass them to next generation

19.

Which of the following was evidence Darwin used in formulating his theory:

a)

Fossils

b)

DNA

c)

Biogeography

d)

Genetics

e)

Vestigial and Homologous Structures

20.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
21.
what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?
a)
different species on different islands
b)
all species on one of the islands
c)
identical species on all the islands
d)
the same species as North America
22.
Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene.  The change is called a(n)
a)
mutation
b)
gene flow
c)
gene pool
d)
allele
23.
Which statement best describes the process of evolution?
a)
Populations can survive in different locations on earth
b)
Environmental conditions limit the number of species on Earth
c)
Populations grow when resources are abundant
d)
The traits of a species can change over time
24.
Over time, adaptions can lead populations to experience 
a)
environmental changes
b)
genetic changes
c)
geological changes
d)
extinction
25.
Darwin theorized that individuals having an advantage due to their traits or abilities will be more likely to survive and reproduce.  This theory is known as
a)
evolution
b)
speciation
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
26.
When scientists compare animals currently living on different continents, they often find those with similar characteristics, who are not actually close relatives, living in similar environmental conditions even though they are geographically very distant. One example is the Anteater/Armadillos of the Americas and the Pangolin of Africa. What can we deduce from this evidence?
a)
Living things can adapt similarly to similar environments over time.
b)
Living things do not change over time
c)
They must all have the same recent common ancestor
d)
I don’t know
27.

Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

a)

random chance

b)

natural selection

c)

non-random mating (sexual selection)

d)

artificial selection

28.

Which of the following is an example of the founder effect?

a)

Humans choose two dogs they like the characteristics of and breed them together.

b)

Affected individuals with blue skin can trace their ancestry back to one of the first settlers in the region.

c)

The environment of a fox population changes and over time foxes who are white survive and pass on their genes to their offspring.

d)

Cheetah populations reach their lowest levels with reduced diversity and as they rebound are so genetically similar they appear to be inbred.

29.

Which of the following is an example of the bottleneck effect?

a)

Cheetah populations reach their lowest levels with reduced diversity and as they rebound are so genetically similar they appear to be inbred.

b)

Affected individuals with blue skin can trace their ancestry back to one of the first settlers in the region.

c)

The environment of a fox population changes and over time foxes who are white survive and pass on their genes to their offspring.

d)

Humans choose two dogs they like the characteristics of and breed them together.

30.
A virus killed most of the seals in the North Sea (e.g. dropped the population from    8000 to 800).  In an effort to help preserve the species, scientists caught 20 of the   remaining seals and used them to start a new population in the northwest Pacific   Ocean.  Which of the following statements would accurately describe the new   population?  
a)
The new seal population is genetically less diverse than the original population 
b)
The new seal population is genetically more diverse than the original population
c)
There is equal genetic variety compared  to the original population 
d)
None of the answers
31.
The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is called
a)
the Hardy-Weinberg principle
b)
the founder effect
c)
directional selection
d)
the bottleneck effect
32.

All of the genetic information found in a population.

a)

population

b)

genetic drift

c)

evolution

d)

gene pool

33.
Which evolutionary mechanism is necessary for evolution to occur?
a)
genetic drift
b)
gene flow
c)
nonrandom mating
d)
mutation 
34.

individuals with alleles for an extreme type are more likely to survive and reproduce

a)

stabilizing selection

b)

directional selection

c)

disruptive selection

d)

genetic drift

35.

the selection pressure favors the extreme phenotypes, dividing the population into 2 distinct groups

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

geographic selection

d)

disruptive selection

36.

Individuals with intermediate traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

a)

stabilizing selection

b)

directional selection

c)

adaptive radiation

d)

disruptive selection

37.

According to natural selection, light colored tree trunks would favor

a)

light colored moths

b)

dark colored moths

c)

red colored moths

d)

red and light colored moths

38.

Over the years, white mice became extinct and darker mice survived. This is

a)

stabilizing selection

b)

directional selection

c)

disruptive selection

d)

due to exercise

39.

Two populations of the same species are separated by land barriers like rivers or mountains.

a)

geographical isolation

b)

temporal isolation

c)

adaptive ratiation

d)

behavioral isolaton

40.

Two populations of the same species do not have the same mating rituals or signals.

a)

geographical isolation

b)

temporal isolation

c)

adaptive ratiation

d)

behavioral isolaton

41.

Organisms of the same species can no longer interbreed therefore creating two species.

a)

Gene Pool

b)

Genetic Drift

c)

Gene Frequency

d)

Speciation

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