The ___________ __________ is used to document scientific events and involves observing and asking questions, making inferences and forming hypotheses, conducting controlled experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.

_________ are the act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way.

The purpose of the __________ is to narrow the focus of the inquiry, to identify the problem in specific terms and it must be clear, concise, and easily testable.

____________ is a logical interpretation based on what scientists already know.

___________ is a scientific explanation for a set of observations that can be tested in ways that support or reject it.

_________ are factors that can change throughout an experiment like temperature, light, time, and availability of nutrients.

A situation in which one variable is changed and the others are kept unchanged is called a _________ __________.

A variable that is deliberately changed in an experiment is called the _________ _________.

A variable or variables that are observed and that change in response to the manipulated variable is called the ________ ________.

The ______ _____ is exposed to the same conditions as the experimental group except for one independent variable and allows scientists to compare the test results against a baseline measurement in order to get a better understanding of what the true results from the experiment were.

The group in an experiment that receives the variable being tested is called the _____ ______.

_____ are detailed records of experimental observations.

Numbers obtained by counting or measuring are a type of __________ ______.

_________ ________ is descriptive and involves characteristics that cannot usually be counted.

The name for the type of document that scientists compile all of their data into is called a __________ _______ ______.

The process by which scientific papers are reviewed by anonymous, independent experts is called ________ ________.

__________ is the information upon which inferences are based and consists of a collected body of data from observations and experiments.

A Scientific ______ is a well-tested explanation that makes sense of a great variety of scientific observations and hypotheses and enables scientists to make accurate predictions about new situations.

A Scientific ______ is a statement that describes an observable occurrence in nature that appears to always be true.

_____ is a particular preference or point of view that is personal, rather that scientific.

What is the basic unit of matter?

What is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions?

A ______________ mixture is composed of two or more substances that are evenly mixed and do not separate out.

A __________________ mixture is composed of two or more substances that do not evenly mix together.

What is the positively charged subatomic particle that makes up an atom?

What is the neutral subatomic particle that makes up an atom?

What is the negatively charged subatomic particle that makes up an atom?

What is the name for the center of an atom where there protons and neutrons are located?

What is the name for a positively or negatively charged atom?

What is the smallest unit of most compounds that can be composed of single, double, or triple covalent bonds?

A molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed is said to be _____________.

The attraction between a hydrogen atom on one water molecule and the oxygen atom on another is known as a ___________ __________.

________________ is an attraction between molecules of the same substance.

________________ is an attraction between molecules of the different substances.

_______________ ________________ is the amount of heat energy required to increase its temperature.

__________________ is a measure of the average energy of random motion of the particles in a substance.

____________ is the amount of matter in a given volume.

A ____________ is a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined.

A ___________ is a uniform mixture of two or more substances.

The substance that dissolves the other substance in a solution and is present in the greater amount is the ____________.

The substance that is dissolved and is present in a lesser amount is the ________.

________ ________ is the energy required to start a chemical reaction.

Mixtures of water and nondissolved material are known as a ________________.

A compound that donates (H+) ions to a solution is called an ________________.

A compound that removes (H+) ions from an aqueous solution is called a ____________.

When a solution is _________, it has a pH of 7 and is neither acidic or basic.

_____________ are weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH.

_________________ is the relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain.

Molecules containing both Carbon and Hydrogen are classified as ______________ molecules.

The process by which large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together is called?

_________________ are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms usually in a ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 and their primary functions are to provide and store energy.

_________ are a large and varied group of biological molecules that are generally not soluble in water and are made up mostly of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

_________ __________ are macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbons, and phosphorous and store and transmit hereditary or genetic information.

_____________ are macromolecules, or polymers of molecules called amino acids, that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

____________ consist of three parts: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group (-PO4), and a nitrogenous base.

_______ ________ are compounds with an amino group (-NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end.

__________ are proteins that act as biological catalysts.

A __________ is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.

The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are known as ________________.

The substrates bind to a site on the enzyme called the __________ _________.

A photograph of the view through a microscope is called a _________________.

________________ are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus.

_____________ includes the generic unicellular prokaryotic bacteria like pathogenic bacteria and probiotic bacteria

_______________ can be either aerobic or anaerobic and consists of the extremophiles like thermophiles, halophiles, and methanogens.

____________ are cells that enclose their DNA in a nucleus.

The _____________ is the organelle that contains nearly all the cell’s DNA.

______ is unwound threadlike DNA located in the nucleus.

The location where ribosomes are made is called the __________.

________ are the organelle responsible for carrying out protein synthesis.

______________ is the thick, jelly-like, solution that fills each cell.

The ________ is an internal network of protein filaments that act as a highway system in a cell.

_____________ are threadlike structures made up of a protein called actin, form extensive networks in some cells, and produce a tough flexible framework that supports the cell.

_____________ are hollow structures made up of tubulin and play a critical role in maintaining cell shape.

__________ are structures composed of tubulin that helps organize the cell during cell division.

____________ are long, thin, whip-like structures, with a core of microtubules that enable some cells to move.

_______ are short and numerous bundles of microtubules that have a back and forth motion that moves the cell through its surroundings.

___________ are large, sac-like, membrane-enclosed structures that store materials like water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates.

___________ are a small organelle filled with digestive enzymes that break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell.

The ________ ____________ _____________ is the portion of the internal membrane system that contains ribosomes and is responsible for chemically modifying proteins.

The ________ _________ ____________ is the portion of the internal membrane system that does not contain ribosomes and is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and the detoxification of drugs.

The _______ ______________ modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell.

_____________ capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into food that contains chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.

____________ convert the chemical energy stored in food into ATP and is the site where cellular respiration occurs.

____ is the main energy source that cells use for most of their work.

The ______ ________ is a strong supporting layer around the cell membrane that supports, shapes, and protects the cell.

The ________ ___________ regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also protects and supports the cell.

___________ __________ is the term for a biological membrane that allows only certain substances to pass across the membrane.

__________ ____________ is the movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy.

___________ ____________ is the process by which molecules that cannot directly diffuse across the membrane pass through special protein channels without the use of energy.

The process by which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is known as ___________.

_________ is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of greater water concentration or pressure to an area of lesser water concentration or pressure.

The solution with a higher concentration of solute is said to be ____________.

The solution with a higher concentration of solute is said to be ____________.

Solutions in which the concentrations of solute are equal are said to be __________.

The movement of materials, with the input of energy, against a concentration gradient, is known as ______ __________.

__________ is the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane.

____________ is a type of endocytosis in which extensions of the cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole.

___________ is the process by which vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents into the extracellular matrix.