Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by________

Keratin proteins are made of long chains of________linked together end-to-end like beads.

What type of bond forms when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent protein chains are joined together?

The action of alkaline permanent waving lotion is to soften and________.

The chemical action of________breaks the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called reduction.

_________hair with a strong. resistant cuticle layer needs the additional swelling and penetration that is provided by a stronger and more highly alkaline waving solution

_________hair with a damaged cuticle layer is easily penetrated and could be further damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solution.

The alkalinity of the perm chosen should correspond to the resistance, strength and________of the cuticle layer.

What is the main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perms?

What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?

Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are_________.

What type of perm is activated by heat created chemically within the product?

A perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a conventional hood dryer, is known as_________.

What type is more fragile, easier to process and more susceptible to damage from services?

What type of hair usually requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?

The amount of processing should be determined by the________, not necessarily the perm's processing time.

In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first________minutes.

A properly processed permanent wave should break and rebuild approximately_________percent of the hair's disulfide bonds.

If too many________bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.

If the hair is underprocessed, further processing will make it________

Neutralization rebuilds_________that were broken by the waving solution.

If the hair is not________, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.

Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least________minutes before applying the neutralizer.

Some manufacturers recommend the application of a________after blotting and before application of the neutralizer.

What type of liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for five minutes or more prior to neutralization if hair is damaged?

Thio neutralization rebuilds the disulfide bonds by removing the_________that was added by the permanent waving solution.

What test is effective for determining correct processing time;expected results; rod and wrap choice; how color will be affected; and if the hair will break, dry or frizz?

Which type of rods have a small diameter in the center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends?

Straight rods are equal in_________along their entire length or curling area and produce a uniform curl along the entire width of the strand.

End papers, or end wraps, are thin, absorbent papers used to________of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm rods.

The_________is a perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of the hair being wrapped.

The_________uses only one end paper and is placed over the top of the strand of hair.

When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called the_________

All perms begin by sectioning the hair into panels that are further divided into subsections called_________.

"Base placement" refers to the position of the rod in relation to it's__________and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped.

For_________, the hair is wrapped 45-degrees beyond perpendicular to it's base section, and the rod is positioned on it's base.

For_________, the hair is wrapped at an angle of 90 degrees or perpendicular to it's base section, and the rod is positioned half off it's base section.

The_________wrap is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod, which causes the hair to spiral along the length of the rod, like the stripes on a candy cane.

A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the__________

The basic perm wrap is also called a_________wrap.

Which wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair?

The_________wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.

Perming only a section of a whole head of hair is called_________.

In order to make a smooth transition from the rolled section of the head to an unrolled section, use a larger rod for the last rod next to an unrolled section when giving a_________

Many male clients are looking for added_________, fullness, style and low maintenance that only a perm can provide.

Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause_________, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.

When performing a procedure for a preliminary test curl, wrap one rod in each different area of the head, including the top, the side, and the_________.

The chemical texture service that loosens overly curly hair or changes tightly curly or coiled hair into loose curls or waves is:

The layer of the hair that provides the strength and elasticity of human hair is the:

The natural pH of hair is between:

A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or the removal of:

Most cold waves have a pH between:

The three separate components of acid waves are permanent waving solution, activator, and:

An endothermic wave is activated by:

Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for at least:

Thio relaxers usually have a pH above:

Which type of bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges?

Porous hair _____.

True acid waves have a pH between:

The ____ is the innermost layer of the hair.

Which of the following is a method of hair straightening that combines the use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing?

Which type of relaxer requires the application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer?

Which of these terms refers to the thickness or thinness of a liquid?

The ____ is the tough exterior layer of the hair.

Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds are known as:

The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair is called:

Hydrogen bonds can be broken by:

Japanese thermal straightening:

Keratin Straightening Treatments Eliminate up to 95 percent of frizz and curl lasts _______________.

The pH scale measures the ______________ of the substance by measured equality of hydrogen ions it contains.

Which treatment is permanent ?

The active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers is the

You can ________ shampoo a perm 48hr after receiving a permanent wave

Since the pH of the logarithmic scale a change of one whole number represents a ________ change in pH