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WorksheetsIB SEHS Topic 2 - Exercise Physiology
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
What is vital capacity
Inspiratory reserve volume plus total lung capacity
Total lung capacity minus residual volume
Tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume
Residual volume minus expiratory reserve volume
What are the principal structures of the ventilatory systems
Mouth, trachea, ribs, intercostal muscles
Nose, pharynx, aorta, diaphragm
Nose, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli
Mouth, larynx, diaphragm, lungs
What are the functions of the nose during inspiration (can select more than one)
To moisten the air
To diffuse oxygen from the air
To filter the air
To stop us breathing through our mouth
What is the of tidal volume?
volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation
volume of air breathed in and out in a normal breath
additional inspired air over and above the tidal volume
volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
What is residual volume
volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation
volume of air breathed in and out in a normal breath
additional inspired air over and above the tidal volume
volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
Which is a principal structure of the ventilatory system
pulmonary artery
trachea
pulmonary valve
capillary
What is inspiratory reserve volume
volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation
volume of air breathed in and out in a normal breath
additional inspired air over and above the tidal volume
volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
What is pulmonary ventilation
Exchange of respiratory gases between the lungs and blood
Diffusion of oxygen in the alveoli
Volume of air breathed in and out in one breath
Inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lungs
Which structure is responsible for moistening the air entering the ventilatory system
Bronchi
Larynx
Pharynx
Nose
What is the action of the diaphragm (D) and the external intercostal muscles (EIM) during exhalation?
D & EIM - relaxes
D & EIM - contract
D - relaxes EIM - contracts
D - contracts EIM - relaxes
Which feedback mechanisms are associated with the chemical control of ventilation during exercise?
Lung stretch receptors
Muscle proprioreceptors
Increases in blood acidity levels
Increases in temperature
Which are involved in neural control of ventilation?
Sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes
Lung stretch receptors and chemoreceptors
Adrenaline and breathing rate
Diaphragm and accessory muscles
Which gases are exchanged at the alveoli
oxygen and nitrogen
oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen
Oxygen only
oxygen and carbon dioxide
What percentage of oxygen in the blood is transported by hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin within red blood cells?
68%
95%
98.5%
99.5%
Which statement is correct
At the alveoli oxygen moves from a high pp in the alveoli to a low pp in the capillaries
At the alveoli oxygen moves from a low pp in the alveoli to a high pp in the capillaries
At the alveoli carbon dioxide moves from a high pp in the alveoli to a low pp in the capillaries
At the alveoli carbon dioxide isn't exchanged
Which component of blood is greatest by volume?
Electrolytes
Plasma
Erythrocytes
Leucocytes
How does an increased erythrocyte level benefit an athlete?
By increasing the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
By decreasing the capacity of the blood to clot in case of an injury
By increasing the ability of the body to fight infection
By decreasing viscosity of the blood
What is the function of the platelets
clotting blood
deliver oxygen
produce antibodies
carry carbon dioxide
What is label 1
aorta
vena cava
pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein
What is label 10
right ventricle
right atrium
left atrium
septum
What is label 5
tricuspid valve
bicuspid valve
aortic valve
pulmonary valve
Which heart valve separates the right ventricle from the right atrium
aortic
tricuspid
bicuspid
pulmonary
Which are involved in the regulation of heart rate? (multiple answers)
SA Node
Autonomic nervous system
Adrenaline
veins
Where in the heart is the electrical impulse generated for contraction?
AV node
Left atrium
SA node
Right ventricle
Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of excitation of heart muscle?
AV node → bundle of HIS → SA node
SA node → AV node → bundle of HIS
bundle of HIS → SA node → AV node
AV node → SA node → bundle of HIS
Which of the following is the correct order for carbon dioxide moving from the pulmonary artery to the atmosphere?
trachea → larynx → nose
alveoli → trachea → bronchi
bronchi → trachea → bronchioles
nose → trachea → bronchi
Which of the following best explains the cardiovascular drift?
During prolonged exercise there is a lower venous return to the heart and a small decrease in blood volume due to sweating. Therefore the heart rate increases to maintain cardiac output
During prolonged exercise there is a higher venous return to the heart and a increase in blood volume. Therefore the heart rate increases to maintain cardiac output
During prolonged exercise there is a lower venous return to the heart and a decrease in blood volume due to sweating. Therefore the heart rate decreases to maintain cardiac output
What is cardiac output
Stroke volume x heart rate
the amount of blood that is pumped out of the heart each beat
stroke volume x tidal volume
the amount of blood that the heart can hold
An athlete’s resting heart rate is 60 bpm and stroke volume is 70 ml. What is the cardiac output of the athlete?
1300 ml min–1
4200 ml min–1
130 ml min–1
420 ml min–1
Which are the units when measuring an athlete’s blood pressure?
ml kg–1 min–1
L min–1
ml min–1
mmHg
Where does blood exert the force measured as systolic blood pressure?
On the arterial walls during ventricular relaxation
On the venous walls during ventricular contraction
On the arterial walls during ventricular contraction
On the venous walls during ventricular relaxation
What is transported in the pulmonary artery?
Oxygenated blood to working muscles
Deoxygenated blood to working muscles
Deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Oxygenated blood to the lungs
What does diastolic blood pressure measure?
The force exerted by blood on arterial walls during ventricular contraction
The force exerted by blood on venous walls during ventricular relaxation
The force exerted by blood on arterial walls during ventricular relaxation
The force exerted by blood on venous walls during ventricular contraction
How does the heart meet the demand for oxygenated blood during physical activity?
Increasing cardiac output, decreasing stroke volume, increasing heart rate
Decreasing cardiac output, decreasing stroke volume, decreasing heart rate
Increasing cardiac output, increasing stroke volume, increasing heart rate
Decreasing cardiac output, increasing stroke volume, increasing heart rate
What happens to someones blood pressure during dynamic exercise
Systolic blood pressure increases and diastolic blood pressure remains constant
Systolic blood pressure decreases and diastolic blood pressure increases
both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase proportionally with exercise intensity
blood pressure remains unchanged
Which demonstrates how blood is redistributed to the working muscles during exercise? (select 2)
precapillary sphincters of the arterioles of the working muscles vasodilate
pracapillary sphincters of the arterioles of the non-vital organs vasoconstrict
precapillary sphincters of the arterioles of the working muscles vasoconstrict
pracapillary sphincters of the arterioles of the non-vital organs vasodilate
What is an adaptation of endurance exercise training?
increased HR
decrease in SV
Decrease in arterio-venous oxygen difference
increase in capillarisation around skeletal muscles
Which of the following is correct for an athlete who is exercising at a steady pace on flat terrain for a prolonged period of time?
Stroke volume gradually decreases and submaximal heart rate gradually increases
Cardiac output gradually decreases as they get used to the exercise load
Stroke volume and submaximal heart rate gradually decrease
Stroke volume and submaximal heart rate gradually increase
Which defines maximal oxygen consumption?
Maximum volume of oxygen inhaled and used per minute
Maximum volume of air exhaled after a maximum inhalation
Maximum volume of oxygenated blood ejected per minute
Maximum volume of oxygen breathed in or out per breath
Which statement is false for the average population
Trained athletes usually have a higher VO2max than untrained individuals
Elderly usually have a lower VO2max than young adults
Women usually have a higher VO2max than men
People with more muscle have a higher VO2max
