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WorksheetsCalday Inheritance & Variation Year 8
Total questions: 64
Worksheet time: 45mins
What are chromosomes?
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.
Different versions of a gene.
The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
What are alleles?
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.
Different versions of a gene.
The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
What is a gene?
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.
Different versions of a gene.
The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
What is an inherited trait?
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.
Different versions of a gene.
The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
What is genetic variation?
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.
Different versions of a gene.
The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
The offspring of sexually reproducing organisms have genes that are _____________ from that of their parents.
different
same
dominant
recessive
In sexually reproducing organisms, each parent contributes _____________ of the genes acquired by the offspring.
an eighth
a quarter
a half
three quarters
The difference between genotype and phenotype is :
Genotype shows the combination of alleles that provides the genes for a trait, while phenotype is the expression of the trait, what it will look like.
Phenotype shows the combination of alleles that provides the genes for a trait, while genotype is the expression of the trait, what it will look like.
Why do human siblings look similar, but not always identical if they have the same parents?
The reason that siblings can look similar without being identical is that there is always a mutation in the chromosomes.
The reason that siblings can look similar without being identical is that they have the exact same DNA, but it is in a different order.
The reason that siblings can look similar without being identical is that there are multiple combinations of alleles that code for genes, that express as traits that can be inherited.
In sexual reproduction, why are the offspring not genetically identical to their parents?
Offspring of sexual reproduction are genetically identical to their parents because they are a unique combination of the DNA from both parents.
Offspring of sexual reproduction are not genetically identical to their parents because they are a unique combination of the DNA from both parents.
Offspring of sexual reproduction are not genetically identical to their parents because they are not a unique combination of the DNA from both parents.
A Punnett square showing the cross between two pea plants is shown. In pea plants, the smooth coat allele is (R) the wrinkled coat allele is (r). Which is the dominant allele?
smooth coat (R)
wrinkled coat (r)
A complete Punnett square here shows a cross between two mice with different fur color, agouti (A) and black (a). What is the probability of the recessive phenotype being expressed?
25%
50%
75%
100%
How is it genetically possible for parents with both natural brown hair, a dominant phenotype have an offspring with blonde hair, a recessive phenotype?
Both parents have blonde, but have dyed their hair brown.
Both parents have the allele for blonde hair that they passed down to their offspring.
The offspring is not their child.
Passing of features from the offsprings are called as...
Keys
DNA
Genes
Inheritance
What characteristic would a child NOT inherit from the parents?
Freckles
Eye colour
Hair style
Dimples
Which sentences are FALSE?
Humans are made up of 23 pairs of chromosomes.
Human are made up of 46 chromosomes.
Chromosomes is made up of cytoplasm.
Chromosomes is located in the nucleus
The process in which a cell splits in two...
Cell nucleus
Cell division
Replication
Inherit
What is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid?
RNA
DOA
DNA
DBN
The purpose of selective breeding is...
get bigger animals
Get smaller animals
Create animals with desired traits
Create animals with bad traits
The disappearance of a species.
Evolution
Extinction
Migration
Mutation
What are the four bases of DNA?
ATGC
ATDC
GCAS
DNAB
What is the function of the X and Y chromosomes?
Eye colour
Hair colour
Height
Sex
What is the percentage of a woman having a male child?
25%
50%
75%
100%
What term is used to describe the differences that exist between members of the same species?
Chromosomes
Inheritance
Variation
Fertilisation
Which form of variation can be measured and has a range of values?
Discrete Variation
Continuous Variation
What term is given to a different form of a gene?
Chromosome
Chromatid
DNA
Allele
Which of the following is an example of a dominant allele?
A
a
What term is used to describe a genotype with two of the same alleles?
Homozygous
Heterozygous
What term is used to describe a genotype with two different alleles?
Homozygous
Heterozygous
What would the genotype Tt be termed as?
Heterozygous
Homozygous Dominant
Homozygous Recessive
What would the genotype tt be termed as?
Heterozygous
Homozygous Dominant
Homozygous Recessive
What is the definition of a genotype?
An individuals alleles for a particular characteristic
An individuals physical appearance
The differences between members of the same species
Variation that can be measured
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes
variation
inherited trait
gene
chromosome
allele
Different versions of a gene
variation
inherited trait
gene
chromosome
allele
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
variation
inherited trait
gene
chromosome
allele
A Punnett square showing the cross between two pea plants is shown. In pea plants, the smooth coat allele (R) is dominant over the wrinkled coat allele (r). One part of the Punnett square is filled in. Which shows the correct letters and pictures for the peas that should be in the other 3 squares.
Selective breeding is...
a process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits
natural method of producing offspring with desired traits
creating a new species
making organisms reproduce during times of stress
An example of selective breeding is
a dog breeder mating 2 dogs to make more dogs
a farmer grows bees to pollinate the plants on his farm
a person pollinates 2 white rose plants to only create white roses
One problem with selective breeding is
creating a new species
gene variety is lost
extinction of a species
What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?
natural selection
mutation
camouflage
adaptation
When farmers breed specific plants to produce fruits with specific traits
Natural Selection
Selective Breeding
Natural selection
Happens in nature without human involvement
Humans control the process to obtain desirable traits
When organisms have advantageous traits that help them survive and reproduce this is...
Natural Selection
Selective Breeding
When organisms have advantageous traits that help them survive and reproduce this is...
Natural Selection
Selective Breeding
All these birds are finches but they have developed different beaks due to the type of foods available to them, this is because of
Natural Selection
Selective Breeding
Evidence shows that the wolf is the ancestor to all of the breeds of dogs shown below. How did this variation arise in a relatively short period of time?
Random Selection
Natural selection
Random chance
Selective breeding
"Survival of the Fittest" describes which theory
natural selection
selective breeding
Which of the following could be used as a vector for a human gene?
Bacterial Plasmid
Bacteria
A mitochondria
mRNA
"transgenic" refers to an animal that:
Has DNA from another organism spliced into its genome
Has undergone DNA modification
Has unique genes for its species
In which ways can genetic engineering can improve crops
Make them pest or drought resistant
Make them more nutritious
Make them larger
All answers are correct
A circular piece of DNA, found in bacteria, is called:
A plasmid
mRNA
Ribosome
Nucleotide
